A multi-institutional research center has been awarded by the NIH to study ME/CFS, a debilitating disease affecting millions of Americans. The research aims to understand and develop treatments for this complex condition by analyzing patient data and microbiome changes.
The team demonstrated that direct atomistic simulations can predict metal strength, revealing crystal defects and twinning mechanisms. This research provides a wealth of observations on fundamental mechanisms of dynamic response and quantitative parameters needed for strength models.
Almost half of global abortions (45.1%) were estimated to be unsafe between 2010 and 2014, with higher rates in developing countries. The researchers urge increased efforts to ensure access to safe abortion, particularly in developing nations.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin found that rogue messengers released by cancer cells can suppress the body's immune system, making it harder to fight cancer. The discovery may lead to a blood test to identify patients most susceptible to treatment resistance, allowing for personalized treatment options.
Rivers need more space, diversity, and freedom to protect species and prevent devastating floods. Floodplain landscapes are crucial for sediment retention and natural flood protection.
The Cherenkov Telescope Array's (CTA) updated science case outlines the observatory's major science themes and potential discoveries in astrophysics and fundamental physics. CTA will explore extreme environments, probe cosmic voids, and search for dark matter, with the potential for unexpected breakthroughs.
A study led by Duke University Medical Center found that biologic valves used in trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and open-heart surgery continue to perform well up to five years after implantation. The results provide reassurance for the long-term benefits of minimally invasive valve replacement.
The Center for Solutions for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CfS for ME/CFS) will pursue basic research and develop tools to monitor illness progression, while working closely with the ME/CFS community through partnerships and outreach.
Researchers found that a diet rich in saturated fats damages the brain's hunger control system within days, while gut bacteria changes occur weeks later. The study suggests that this sequence of events may contribute to weight gain and obesity.
For the first time, three detectors tracked gravitational waves emitted by a merger of two black holes, allowing scientists to more closely locate their birthplace in space. The detection highlights the scientific potential of a three-detector network of gravitational-wave detectors.
The LIGO and Virgo observatories have jointly detected a black hole collision, emitting ripples in space and time. The event, located 1.8 billion light-years away, resulted in a spinning black hole with about 53 times the mass of our sun.
Research found disconnections in brain areas involved in attention and visual processing may contribute to visual hallucinations in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The study used fMRI to examine connectivity between brain areas, showing decreased synchronization in patients with visual hallucinations.
Geckos using narrower perches exhibit longer limbs compared to those on wider perches, contrary to previous assumptions. This finding suggests a different adaptation strategy for geckos, potentially due to greater frictional and adhesive forces that enable them to cling to narrow perches effectively.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a soft, flexible origami-inspired robot called TWISTER. The robot uses multiple layers of polygons to bend, contract, extend, and twist, making it suitable for fragile-object manipulation and direct human-robot interaction.
Experts predict reduced access to care, widening inequalities and increased private provision as the Health and Social Care Act 2012 and STPs lead to blurred distinctions between health and social care. The lack of consideration for different funding bases has led to concerns about equitable distribution of resources.
Researchers have developed a solution to a longstanding problem in end-to-end encryption, which ensures only sender and recipient can read a message. The new protocol, called DECIM, forces attackers to leave evidence of any such activity and alerts users to take action.
A pilot program using big data predicts ED visits in lung cancer patients with 33% accuracy. The model identifies high-risk patients who are 6.6 times more likely to visit the ED compared to low-risk patients.
Binghamton University researchers found that presenting people with contradictory information makes them think longer and produce more in-depth arguments, rather than changing their minds. The study's findings suggest that resisting counter views triggers deeper thinking, leading to better-quality arguments.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded four grants to establish a coordinated scientific research effort on myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Researchers will collaborate on projects, share data, and engage with the ME/CFS community to advance knowledge and potential treatments for this debilitating disease.
Researchers found that saber-toothed kittens were born with more robust bones compared to other felines, contrary to expectations. The study suggests that the growth of feline species is tightly constrained, even among species with distinct bone structures.
Hurricane Maria appears asymmetric due to vertical wind shear, with eastern clouds receiving more precipitation than the western side. GPM radar data shows light rain showers around the eye, but stronger storms are located northeast of the center.
A study has identified areas where nitrogen is removed from agricultural streams, revealing that buffer zones with fine soils and organic matter are effective at reducing nitrate levels. These findings suggest that conserving existing buffer zones and reconnecting streams to them can improve water quality.
A study published in Cancer Research found that inhibiting two metabolic enzymes, NADK and KHK, reduced the growth of KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer cells in mice by approximately 50%. The research also identified new genes that, when inactivated, increased tumor growth in KRAS-mutant cancers.
Researchers develop computer-designed mini-proteins that bind to specific therapeutic targets with high selectivity, stability and potency. The approach has potential applications in fighting infectious diseases and neutralizing toxins.
Isotopic analysis of human remains reveals differences in diet and socioeconomic status between cave and megalithic graves, suggesting local land use partitioning. The study proposes two explanations for these findings: socioeconomic class divisions or different populations with distinct subsistence economies.
Researchers at Lund University have successfully isolated and studied the plant compound damsin, which inhibits the growth and spread of cancer stem cells. The study's findings suggest that damsin and its synthetic analogue ambrosin may contribute to the development of new drugs against cancer stem cells.
Researchers at US Army Research Laboratory have made breakthroughs understanding entanglement structure in quantum systems with long-range interactions. Entanglement enables ultra-secure communication, precise measurement, and powerful computers.
Archaeologists discovered ancient Egyptian-like plant impressions indicating that prehistoric peoples in the Butana Group were cultivating wild sorghum until it was genetically altered into a domesticated form. This finding pushes back the process for domesticating summer rainfall cereals by over a thousand years.
A study published by The Endocrine Society found that expectant mothers with elevated blood pressure during pregnancy are more likely to have children who develop childhood obesity. Women with high blood pressure, even within the normal range, were associated with a higher risk of overweight or obese children.
A new web application reveals that raising the minimum age to 21 nationwide could save over 306,000 lives. The Tobacco Control Policy (TCP) tool also examines state-by-state impacts of cigarette taxes and smoke-free air laws.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that the opioid epidemic on Staten Island disproportionately affects marginalized communities. The researchers identified areas with high overdose rates as underserved in treatment services, highlighting the need for expanded methadone clinics and detox capacity.
A study published in BMC Medicine found that routine screening and interventions for hazardous and harmful alcohol use in people with hypertension in primary care could significantly lower blood pressure and reduce premature deaths. The authors estimate that these interventions would lead to substantial reductions in cardiovascular dis...
A new study from King's College London reveals the molecular basis of chronic nerve pain in diabetes, identifying HCN2 as a key player. The findings suggest that targeting this protein could lead to effective treatments for painful diabetic neuropathy, a condition affecting up to one in four people with diabetes.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan campus have identified molecules in lavender that create antimicrobial and insecticidal compounds, providing a potential solution for controlling fungal growth and pests. This discovery could lead to the development of more environmentally friendly pesticides.
A team of neuroscientists discovered that our brains reorganize experiences into information clusters to make sense of the world. Over time, these clusters become more organized, but this process can also lead to a decrease in memory fidelity.
A study by Oregon State University finds that truckers who can't find safe places to park and rest face significant economic costs, with at-fault crashes resulting in approximately $75 million of 'crash harm' over a 7-year period on one stretch of highway.
A new technology can print pure, ultra-precise doses of drugs onto various surfaces, enabling on-site printing of custom-dosed medications. This technique accelerates drug development and makes life easier for patients taking multiple medications daily.
A study led by the University of Arizona found that dogs with leash aggression had higher levels of total vasopressin, while those without exhibited higher oxytocin and oxytocin-to-vasopressin ratios. This supports the idea that oxytocin may help inhibit aggression in dogs.
Researchers at the University of Hawaii aim to develop strategies to prevent Zika virus transmission to the fetus and treat patients infected with the virus. Dr. Mukesh Kumar will work on understanding how the virus is transmitted and developed effective therapeutics.
A new study by QUT suggests that toll roads and tunnels can be made more cost-effective by putting a dollar value on the savings from traffic congestion, noise, and air pollution. The research found that governments should consider benefits beyond financial analysis when deciding on infrastructure investment.
Researchers at the University of Houston have made an unexpected discovery that leads to a new theory of liquid streaming. The researchers generated a liquid stream using a pulsed laser and found that gold nanoparticles played a crucial role in creating the phenomenon, which they called acoustic streaming.
A landmark trial found that older stored red blood cells are safe and associated with fewer side effects, including transfusion reactions. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, challenged common practice of allocating the oldest available compatible blood.
Researchers discovered anastasis has two distinct stages and cells hold onto pro-survival molecules even when dying. The study's findings suggest this process may enable cancer cells to bounce back after treatment, raising questions about the long-term cellular effects of anastasis.
Scientists from the University of Bristol have discovered evidence suggesting that massive collisions during planetary accretion resulted in significant mass loss, altering a planet's composition. This process, which occurred in the Earth and Mars formation, led to their distinctive volatile poor compositions.
The Virtual Training Agent for Veterans (VITA4VETS) program uses virtual simulation practice to build job interviewing competence and confidence among veterans. With a high success rate of 93% in securing employment, VITA4VETS provides customizable training to address the challenges faced by transitioning service members.
A KAIST research team has identified a new mechanism that causes the hallmark symptoms of Parkinson's disease, including tremors. The discovery presents a new perspective on three decades of conventional wisdom and opens up new avenues for alleviating motor problems.
The spread of hypersonic missiles would increase strategic wars and jeopardize nations, including US, Russia, and China. Researchers recommend joint action to prevent proliferation, proposing export controls and international control of technology.
The Bacterial Energetics and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, led by Professor Greg Cook, has been recognized for its outstanding research on fighting TB infections. The team's work on developing a revolutionary class of antibiotics and innovative approaches to agricultural applications has shown great promise.
Researchers found significant differences between mobile mammography patients and those at a cancer center, including higher recall rates and racial diversity. The study aims to develop targeted programs to increase screening rates among underserved populations.
Researchers finally found a giant, tree-dwelling rodent after years of searching in the Solomon Islands. The newly discovered species, Uromys vika, is approximately 4 times larger than black rats and can weigh up to 2.2 pounds.
A new study estimates that nearly half of all abortions worldwide are unsafe, with the majority occurring in low-income countries. The study highlights the need for safe access to abortion and replacing unsafe methods with safe ones.
Lina Cui, a UNM Assistant Professor, is leading a large-scale research project to understand the chemistry of disease progression and its role in cancer metastasis. The goal is to develop diagnostic tools that target specific enzymes involved in disease spread.
A team of researchers is using genomic breeding approaches to develop disease-resistant, nutrient-rich banana varieties for smallholder farmers in East Africa. The goal is to boost yields by 30% and create high-yielding hybrids by 2019.
Researchers discover nerve-associated macrophages that become inflamed with age and disrupt fat cell function. Lowering inflammation in these cells restores normal fat metabolism in older mice.
A new poll finds that nearly half of older Americans struggle with sleep, but many don't discuss it with their doctors. Prescription sleep medications carry significant health risks for older people, and non-medication-based habits are a more effective solution.
A new study by Brown University describes the frequency of various nontraffic incidents, injuries, and fatalities to children using a unique surveillance system and database. The analysis found nearly 3,400 deaths of young children over 25 years due to preventable nontraffic events.
Researchers analyzed opioid prescription data from the Department of Defense Military Health System Data Repository to identify optimal opioid pain medication prescription length following surgery. The findings suggest that prescription lengths may need to be extended beyond seven days for certain procedures, recognizing that up to 40%...
Babies born between 37-38 weeks have a 57% higher risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness, according to the study. Early term deliveries may lead to neurological, cognitive and respiratory issues in adolescence and early adulthood.
Researchers found that certain physical phenomena, such as the thermal Hall conductance, cannot be simulated efficiently due to a negative sign or complex quantities involved in quantum Monte-Carlo methods. This limits the scalability of large-scale quantum simulations and provides reassurance for theoretical physicists.
Michigan State University researchers will use a $1.1 million grant to identify disease-resistant regions in switchgrass, aiming to produce more resilient crops for the emerging bio-based economy. The study's findings will provide valuable insights for breeders to improve switchgrass' viability and provide a consistent source of biofuels.
Researchers found that anxious mothers' babies spend more time looking at angry faces before turning away, suggesting a genetic component to anxiety development. This study could help predict which children are at risk for anxiety and potentially prevent its development.
Researchers at Penn and Wistar Institute found that melanoma cells bypass BRAF inhibitor blockades by activating parallel pathways governed by PAK enzymes, leading to increased aggressiveness.
A recent study from the University of Kansas School of Pharmacy found that social and cultural factors are playing a significant role in determining when patients receive opioid prescriptions. Patients with publicly funded insurance, those in the U.S. South, and Hispanic patients were more likely to be prescribed opioids.
A study tracking over 3600 participants found that maternal factors and depression/anxiety were significant predictors of adolescent sleep problems. Conversely, an active lifestyle was found to decrease future incidence of sleep problems.
A comprehensive study of faults in the Olympic Mountains reveals three to five large earthquakes occurred within the last 13,000 years. The two most recent earthquakes are estimated to be magnitude 7 and 6-7 respectively, posing a significant threat to Seattle and other population centers.
Researchers at RUDN University developed a new complex mercuric compound with unusual structure using non-covalent interactions. The compound can be used to create molecular machines, which are molecules capable of mechanical work.
Researchers discovered Hu-Kaiwen ink can kill cancer cells without harming normal tissues, offering an alternative to expensive and toxic PTT. The traditional Chinese ink absorbs near-infrared light and heats up when exposed to a laser, demonstrating its potential as a non-toxic photothermal therapy agent.
Researchers have identified a novel compound called HT-0411 that enhances long-term memory in animals, leveraging CREB activation and monoamine oxidase B inhibition. The study suggests potential for pharmaceutical enhancements of human memory.
Researchers have developed an environmentally friendly process to transform olive mill wastewater into sustainable products. The process involves embedding the wastewater in cypress sawdust, rapidly drying it, and then subjecting it to pyrolysis to produce bio-oil and charcoal pellets.
The University of Hawaii has received a nearly $6.3 million grant to develop a heat-stable, trivalent Ebola vaccine that can protect against three related viruses in the same family. The vaccine, developed by Axel Lehrer, PhD, has the potential to speed up protection for health workers and others during outbreaks.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that only 30.9% of patients prescribed PCSK9 inhibitors ever received therapy, largely due to copay costs and prior authorization processes. Patients with governmental insurance and those filled at specialty pharmacies were more likely to be approved.
A study of 11 addiction treatment professionals reflects the increase in prescription drug addictions and staff-related challenges following Hurricane Katrina. The disaster led to the creation of emergency preparedness plans, but participants expressed frustration with federal help conditions.
A study analyzing over 200,000 patients undergoing common surgical procedures found varying optimal opioid pain prescription lengths, with general surgery at 4-9 days, women's health at 4-13 days, and musculoskeletal at 6-15 days. The findings aim to balance adequate pain treatment with minimizing medication complications.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a more advanced radar-based device that can accurately measure the body's vital signals without attaching cumbersome wires. This technology has great promise for remote health monitoring and could potentially be integrated into household appliances to monitor residents' vitals.
Researchers discover two new crustacean species in deep waters off the northwest coast of Spain, both blind and measuring just a few millimeters. The species are distinct despite sharing their lack of eyes, with one belonging to the Photidae family and the other to the Corophiidae family.
Researchers developed a new approach to modeling pedestrian behavior in collisions, combining game theory with the Fokker-Planck equation. Experiments confirm that the calculated paths match actual paths taken, suggesting a reliable solution for optimizing public spaces.
Early iron intervention shows reduced aggression, rule-breaking behavior, and fewer thought problems in children at age 7. Cognitive abilities remain similar to those without supplements.
The partnership aims to address health disparities by conducting research on patient-derived cancers and training students in cancer health disparities-based precision medicine. This collaboration seeks to bridge the gap in understanding how to plan cancer prevention and care for underserved populations.
New research from Oxford University sheds light on the formation of the Earth and its depletion of vital chemical elements. By simulating early Earth conditions, scientists found that melting and evaporation played a key role in shaping the planet's chemistry.
A new study published in Acta Paediatrica indicates that survival rates for babies born weighing 500g are alarmingly low. Short-term morbidity is prevalent among surviving infants, with retinopathy of prematurity and chronic lung disease being common issues.
The partnership between genetic testing companies and orphan drug developers has both positive and negative implications. On the one hand, it can lead to faster diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases. However, there are also concerns over patient privacy and potential price-gouging due to rising healthcare costs.
A new project aims to discover how microplastics make their way from land to sea and what risks this contamination poses for various ecosystems. The researchers will also examine the impact on human health, environmental education, and develop strategies for sustainable preservation of aquatic ecosystems.
The OU research group, led by Ann West, has received a five-year, $10.5 million NIH COBRE grant to support structural biology research and build on Phase I successes with 57 research publications and over $7 million in new grants awarded.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has received a $1.5 million training grant from the National Institutes of Health to support a new Alzheimer's Disease Clinical and Translational Research Training Program. The program aims to develop diagnostic tools, treatments, and potentially a cure for Alzheimer's disease.
A new study using Big Butterfly Count (BBC) data from citizen scientists shows that mass-participation science can provide additional assessments of biodiversity change. The results demonstrate the potential for citizen science to inform long-term monitoring of butterfly populations and complement standardised biodiversity monitoring.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory used the Mira supercomputer to simulate over 2,000 engine design combinations, reducing design time from months to weeks. The simulations identified two optimized fuel-engine concepts that can improve fuel efficiency substantially.
Researchers found that similar-achieving students tend to form close friendships, and this can lead to homogeneous social circles over time. The study's findings have important implications for understanding how social reproduction of inequality works in the digital age.
A newly-developed dipstick test sensitively identified Zika virus and all four dengue virus subtypes with no cross-reactivity. The test detected viral proteins at lower concentrations, making it a potential tool for diagnosing emerging pathogens.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago are working on discovering new 2D materials to manufacture improved and cost-effective batteries. The goal is to increase battery efficiency by about 1,000 times, enabling sustainable energy generation, chemical manufacturing, and pollution removal.
A new study found that both restrictive spirometry pattern and reduced forced vital capacity were associated with increased arterial stiffness in men and women. Arterial stiffness increased fourfold when FVC decreased, highlighting the importance of assessing and following up on individuals with restrictive spirometry patterns.
A recent study published at Medical University of South Carolina found that epigenetic enzyme HDAC5 influences the brain's response to drugs, leading to persistent triggers for relapse. The research suggests that understanding these connections could lead to better treatments for addiction.
A UTSA researcher, along with collaborators, will study resilience in the LGBTQ+ population in San Antonio and South Texas. The project aims to address health and social needs, cope with discrimination, and develop strategies for marginalized individuals.
A computational study models the strength of basal ganglia connections between healthy and Parkinsonian brains, revealing a broad overlap in neural connection strengths. The research could lead to customized therapies specific to individual patterns of neural degeneration.
Researchers created photonic computer chips mimicking human brain's synapses, enabling speeds a thousand times faster than the human brain. The breakthrough paves the way for new age of computing where machines work and think like the human brain.
Research published in the European Respiratory Journal found that children under two years are more likely to be admitted to hospital with influenza if they have an older sibling. Vaccination can help reduce this risk.
A new paper-based test developed by MIT researchers can diagnose Zika infection within 20 minutes, accurately distinguishing it from Dengue virus. The test uses antibodies specific to Zika virus's NS1 protein, avoiding false positives common with existing tests.
RIT researchers, in collaboration with LIGO and Virgo, successfully triangulated the position of a 1.8 billion-year-old black hole merger. With three advanced detectors observing together, scientists can now pinpoint locations with higher precision, enabling more accurate electromagnetic counterparts searches.
Researchers propose a new potential way to produce initial compounds for many chemical industries, including pharmacy. The new method uses arylhydrazone complexes with Cu(II) and Co(II/III) catalysts.
Nerve cell networks reorganize themselves during periods of inactivity, becoming hypersensitive and prone to overreaction when signals are reinstated. Researchers developed a high-speed microscopy process to visualize communication networks of living neurons, shedding light on the effects of blocking neural pathways.
Scientists at the University of Warwick have identified tanycytes, key brain cells controlling appetite, which detect amino acids in food and inform the brain about fullness. Eating foods high in specific amino acids can activate these cells, leading to feelings of fullness and potentially aiding weight management.
University of Delaware researchers studied microbes from James Cameron's Deepsea Challenge Expedition, revealing a new branch on the microbial family tree. The Parcubacteria were found to have a simple metabolism but with extra features, indicating they may be able to perform anaerobic respiration and adapt to cold environments.
A new study by the University of Cambridge found that telephone consultations to determine whether a patient needs to see their GP face-to-face do not reduce GP workload or hospital referrals. Instead, they may increase overall GP workload and lead to increased secondary care costs.
Researchers found that Type I galaxies have more efficient supermassive black holes, emitting energy faster compared to Type II galaxies
A team of scientists at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has identified a specific subset of neurons that respond to sodium deficiency, triggering an appetite for sodium. The researchers mapped the brain circuitry underlying this behavior and found that it is tightly regulated by hormones such as aldosterone and angiotensin II.
A new study found that early full-term births are associated with a higher risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness during adolescence and young adulthood. The researchers also discovered that each week increase in gestational age is linked to a lower risk of poor respiratory fitness.
The NHS plans to sell off unused land to raise funds for essential maintenance and modernization of healthcare services. Kailash Chand, a GP, raises concerns that this approach may not address underlying shortfalls in the health budget and could lead to long-term costs.
A new animal movement model reveals seabirds orient themselves over an ocean and compensate for wind drift without landmarks, hinting at a 'map sense'. This breakthrough paves the way for analyzing animal decision-making using GPS tracking data.
A telephone-first approach to general practice reduced face-to-face consultations and increased telephone calls, but also led to an increase in emergency admissions. Despite its potential for managing some workloads, the approach was found to be associated with increased GP workload.
A study of 121 people with Parkinson's disease found that consuming three cups of coffee per day did not improve movement symptoms. The researchers concluded that caffeine cannot be recommended as therapy for movement symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have discovered a new class of molecules called elovanoids that synchronize cell-to-cell communication and reduce inflammation in the brain. These novel molecules, made from omega-3 fatty acids, protect neuronal cells and promote their survival.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health reveals that extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry receptors for intercellular communication, allowing signaling without direct cell-to-cell contact. This capability makes EVs uniquely suited to be engineered to send therapeutics directly to affected areas.
New study reveals integrated HBV DNA as a significant source of HBsAg, expanding understanding of HBV biology and host interactions. The findings have important implications for future trial design and endpoint expectations for new therapies developed to cure chronic HBV.
Research by University of New South Wales scientists finds that even a 1.5°C temperature increase will lead to longer and more frequent heatwaves globally. Tropical regions are expected to experience almost constant heatwaves with just a 2°C rise, while others may become unliveable if temperatures increase by 5°C.