A new mouse study builds on human findings that link chemotherapy and the APOE4 gene variant to cognitive problems. The research, published in Neurotoxicity Research, reveals that APOE4 works with doxorubicin to cause significant brain changes and impair learning.
A new study found that 21% of individuals with insulin-treated diabetes diagnosed after age 30 have severe insulin deficiency, characteristic of late-onset type 1 diabetes. These patients often experience delays in diagnosis and treatment due to misdiagnosis as type 2 diabetes.
Scientists have identified the cause of Saul-Wilson syndrome, a rare type of dwarfism characterized by short stature and developmental delays. A single spontaneous gene change alters protein packaging in the cell's Golgi complex, affecting protein function and stability.
A study funded by NIH found that gastric banding is as effective as metformin in stabilizing disease for people with prediabetes or new-onset type 2 diabetes. Participants who underwent gastric banding surgery lost significantly more weight and showed similar improvements in insulin sensitivity compared to those taking metformin.
A study found that despite a well-designed low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening program, only 77.6% of eligible veterans underwent annual repeat scans. This highlights the need for improved adherence to lung cancer screening to maximize mortality benefits and cost-efficacy.
Researchers found that viruses like West Nile and Zika can kill neurons in the gut, disrupting bowel movement and causing intestinal blockages. The study provides clues to sudden onset of digestive woes and potentially points to a new strategy for preventing such conditions.
Malaria parasites have evolved to replicate in sync with mosquitoes' feeding cycles, causing regular bouts of fever. Scientists discovered that these parasites are more infectious to mosquitoes during the day, and their replication patterns likely evolved to optimize transmission.
A modelling study suggests that integrating community health workers at scale could significantly reduce the NHS primary care workload crisis. The researchers estimate that 110,585 community health workers would be needed to cover England's general practice population, costing £2.22bn annually.
A US defense agency program aims to genetically modify crops using infectious viruses, sparking concerns about its potential military applications and the risk of creating new biological weapons. The approach, known as HEGAAs, would deliver the viruses through insects, raising questions about transparency and public deliberation.
Researchers found no significant differences between synthetic and live tissue models in terms of stress levels during training. This study suggests that synthetic models can be used without sacrificing educational quality, reducing the need for live animal use.
Researchers discovered coherent resonance and stochastic resonance in an excitable semiconductor superlattice, enabling faster detection of weak signals. This breakthrough can be used to extract information from noisy data, analyze astronomical observations, and process image signals.
Researchers created a conflict management education intervention to improve ICU team knowledge, mindfulness, and awareness. The study found that participants' knowledge and perception scores increased following the intervention.
Researchers at McMaster University are pioneering a new Origins of Life Laboratory to mimic early-Earth conditions, testing RNA sequence formation and potential self-replication. The lab's Planetary Simulator will simulate years of cycles in days, studying the emergence of life on Earth and potentially elsewhere.
A recent study at the CHEST Annual Meeting 2018 revealed that women are underrepresented as Fellows in CHEST but have increased application rates. The study found significant differences in gender distribution among specialties and letter of recommendation authors, highlighting barriers to academic advancement for women.
A new AI algorithm can accurately predict cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, enabling early intervention and prevention strategies. The algorithm learns from MRI, genetics, and clinical data to identify individuals at risk, potentially delaying or preventing the onset of Alzheimer's.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that high-risk HPV-positive tumours had a significantly higher five-year relative survival rate of 74% compared to hrHPV-negative tumours at 54%. The presence of high-risk HPV was also associated with earlier detection and improved socioeconomic status.
Research found that gram-negative bacteria, excluding Pseudomonas, increase mortality, ICU admission, and vasopressor use in hospitalized patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Patients infected with these organisms had higher 30-day mortality rates compared to those infected with other pathogens.
SwRI scientists used Cassini's final measurements to detect large influx of materials raining into Saturn's atmosphere, with water and organic compounds falling at rates of up to 10,000 kilograms per second. The discovery has implications for ring evolution and atmospheric chemistry.
Engineers at UC San Diego developed an algorithm to predict individual blood pressure based on sleep, exercise, and blood pressure data from wearable devices. The study found that personalized data was more effective than generalized information in lowering blood pressure.
Researchers have developed a new technique to measure the magnetic field in the atmosphere, 100 km above the planet, using ground-based lasers. The method provides new insights into space weather and atomic processes.
A Rutgers-led study predicts increased frequency of dry spells in the US and Mexico, and heavy rainfall events in south Asia and China. Subtropical stationary waves play a key role in explaining these extremes, which are expected to worsen with climate change.
A large meta-analysis of 81 randomised trials found no effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density, fractures, or falls in adults. The study suggests that clinical guidelines should be changed to reflect the best available evidence and that there is little justification for using vitamin D supplements for musculoskeleta...
A study from the University of Bonn confirms that galaxy clusters formed too slowly than expected, potentially requiring a rework of current theories. The researchers will analyze their data in greater detail to confirm whether the standard model needs to be revised.
Researchers sequenced 141,431 women's genomes using non-invasive prenatal testing data, identifying patterns in ethnic groups' evolutionary history and novel genetic loci linked to height and BMI. The study provides insights into disease risk and epidemiology in Chinese populations.
The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) has successfully secured recognition and reimbursement for several key geriatrics services, including Transitional Care Management and comprehensive assessment and care planning for cognitive impairments. The society's efforts involved working with groups like the CPT Editorial Panel and the RUC to...
The study assesses 13 ocean-based measures to reduce atmospheric CO2, counteract ocean warming, and mitigate sea-level rise. Ocean-based renewable energy stands out as the most promising solution, with moderate effectiveness for reducing marine pollution and protecting marine habitats.
A new animal study published in The FASEB Journal found that a ketone supplement reduced body fat and weight in mice on a high-fat diet. Researchers observed significant weight loss in mice given the supplement, suggesting it may be an effective alternative to low-carbohydrate diets.
Researchers analyzed weekly flu incidence data from over 600 US regions to determine how city density and climate impact flu seasons. They found that cities with higher population density experience longer flu seasons, even in unfavorable weather conditions, due to the spread of infection through organized movement patterns.
A team of researchers has developed a new approach to improve crop resilience under changing climate conditions, using advanced imaging techniques and bioinformatics. The project aims to understand the molecular basis of pollen development and male fertility in key crops such as corn, wheat, and barley.
A new study reveals Saturn's innermost D ring is hurling dust grains coated in its chemical cocktail into the planet's upper atmosphere at an extraordinary rate. This infalling material may change the carbon and oxygen content of the atmosphere, prompting questions about the rings' formation and lifespan.
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology found that low-dose aspirin (100mg or less) reduces the risk of ovarian cancer by 23% compared to non-users. Long-term heavy use of non-aspirin NSAIDs may increase this risk.
A study of 44,832 Medicare patients found that disruption in their regular combination inhaled corticosteroid therapy led to a higher rate of costly exacerbations and hospitalizations. Approximately 45% of patients did not receive an ICS/LABA after a formulary block, potentially impacting symptoms and disease control.
The Ocean Solutions Initiative presents a comprehensive review of thirteen ocean-based measures to counter climate change. The measures can be grouped into four categories: reduction of climate change causes, preservation of ecosystems, protection of the ocean from solar radiation, and direct manipulation of species adaptability.
The InforMing the PAthway of COPD Treatment (IMPACT) study found that triple dual therapies significantly reduced annual rates and moderate-to-severe exacerbations, improved lung function, and enhanced quality of life in patients with COPD. This benefit was observed regardless of baseline reversibility.
Researchers found that more frequent surveillance imaging was not associated with improved overall survival for NSCLC patients. Annual surveillance is recommended as a standard practice, offering no additional benefits over six-monthly visits.
Scientists at Tufts University have found that amputation of one limb immediately reflects in the bioelectric properties of the opposing, un-damaged limb in developing frogs. The phenomenon, dubbed 'bioelectric injury mirroring,' indicates that information about damage to tissues is available within 30 seconds.
Research found that patients discharged between 1300-0100 were more likely to be readmitted compared to those discharged during earlier or later hours. Smoking cessation education also played a role in reducing readmission likelihood, with former smokers being more prone to rehospitalization.
Researchers analyzed 141,431 genomes from Chinese expectant mothers to discover associations between genes and birth outcomes, including twins and age at first pregnancy. The study also identified genes linked to infectious diseases, height, and body mass index.
Researchers analyzed 30 studies of nearly 5,300 participants to find that couples who frequently use first-person pronouns like 'we' and 'us' tend to have healthier and happier relationships. The study's findings support the idea that interdependence is key to relationship success, and 'we-talk' is a strong indicator of this.
A Pennington Biomedical Research Center study found that female mice on a high-fat diet given Russian tarragon or bitter melon supplements gained more weight and body fat compared to those not receiving the supplements. However, there was no significant change in insulin sensitivity or body-fat percentages.
A DNA study of over 6,000 dogs found that a specific genetic duplication on chromosome 18 is strongly associated with blue eyes in Siberian Huskies. This discovery sheds light on the genetic underpinnings of eye color in dogs and demonstrates the power of consumer genomic data.
A new study combines imaging and neuropsychological testing to more accurately assess cognitive status, distinguishing individuals with mild cognitive impairment from those with normal cognition. The combined data model achieved an overall accuracy of over 90%, surpassing individual models alone.
A large multi-ethnic study found that high circulating levels of an inflammatory marker are linked to long-term decline in kidney function. The study suggests a novel marker, soluble TNFR-1, is strongly related to kidney function decline over time.
Researchers developed flexible piezoelectric acoustic sensors for improved speaker recognition, achieving sensitivity over two times higher than conventional sensors. These sensors enable 97.5% accurate speaker recognition and diverse voice detection in various environments.
Cell biologist Needhi Bhalla's research reveals a complex chromosomal monitoring system that prevents errors during meiosis, a type of cell division. The system involves checkpoints and molecular mechanisms to ensure proper progression of recombination.
Research at the University of York suggests that Neanderthals had a well-developed system of care for injuries and childbirth challenges. The study of over 30 individuals with minor and serious injuries found evidence of healthcare dating back 1.6 million years ago, indicating a fundamental role in survival strategies.
Scientists discovered a genetic mutation in the CHRNA5 gene that contributes to nicotine dependence and relapse. The study found that this mutation increases nicotine consumption and rates of relapse, offering hope for developing new therapies to combat tobacco addiction.
Researchers identified two genetic variants associated with meaning in life and six with happiness in a massive study. The findings suggest that biological differences play a role in variations in meaning and purpose in life.
A new hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system was compared to sensor-augmented pump therapy for blood sugar control in patients with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. The study found that the hybrid closed-loop system achieved significantly better glucose control and reduced the risk of hypoglycaemia.
The article addresses provoking questions in melanoma immunotherapy, cancer systems biology, and medical oncology. Researchers focus on understanding pigmentation and pigmentary diseases through big data science, collaborative team science, and individualized medicine.
Binghamton University researchers developed 'neuristor' circuits that mimic biological neurons, enabling complex computations using minimal power. The team created niobium dioxide devices without electroforming, making them more efficient and scalable.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have designed a novel molecule that uses a unique mechanism to halt or destroy breast cancer tumors. The molecule, developed by Abhishek Sharma, could potentially add to the arsenal of drugs targeting estrogen receptors in breast cancer therapy.
Purdue University researchers have created a 3D-printed cement paste that gets tougher under pressure, inspired by arthropod shells. The technique could lead to more resilient structures during natural disasters.
A study found that non-VA healthcare providers are uncertain about how to care for veterans due to limited knowledge of resources and coordination problems. Despite the need to identify health conditions related to military service, many providers fail to ask about veteran status.
Riffyn has launched Open Access, offering a full-featured Riffyn SDE account to non-profit members. This provides the capability to transform scientific work, increasing reproducibility and reusability of experiments.
A phase 1b study and a phase 2 proof of concept study have generated positive results for SNF472, demonstrating a linear pharmacokinetic behavior and improved safety profile. A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2b study is evaluating the effect of SNF472 on cardiovascular calcification over 1 year in haemodialysis patients.
A new PET imaging radiotracer, <sup> 18 </sup> F-XTRA, was tested on adults to study the distribution of the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the brain. The research found that the radiotracer rapidly entered the brain and distributed quickly, with lower binding in the hippocampus with healthy aging.
A study found that individuals from higher social classes experience more happiness from experiential purchases, while lower-class individuals derive more happiness from material goods. This is due to differences in resource availability and consumer motives.
A new study finds that for every 1% increase in depression diagnoses, opioid overdose deaths rise by 25-35%. The researchers emphasize the need for doctors to screen for depression before prescribing opioids and for better access to mental health care.
A new study involving over 300 women reveals a strong association between sexual harassment and assault with higher blood pressure, depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality. The findings suggest that the experience of sexual harassment and assault can have lasting impacts on women's health.