A new study from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and the American University of Beirut Medical Center demonstrates effective childhood cancer treatment in a refugee setting. The institution adapted its services to prioritize curable cases, showcasing a viable model for crisis response.
Researchers at Helmholtz Zentrum München have discovered a novel mechanism that causes malignant pleural effusion in lung cancer patients. The mechanism involves inflammatory messengers from the immune system, leading to fluid buildup and accompanying malignant cells.
Researchers developed a method to obtain critical information about cardiac function using machines that help failing hearts circulate blood. The new approach may pave the way to self-contained mechanical circulatory support systems for patients suffering from cardiogenic shock after a heart attack.
Researchers have developed a new method to chemically bond multiple soft materials without sacrificing their properties. The technique allows for manufacturing of more complex soft machines, including wearable devices and flexible electronics.
Researchers recorded electrical activity of hundreds of neurons in a mouse model for up to half an hour, discovering competing neural networks that operate at different timescales. The findings show that certain networks can synchronize their activity, while others slow down or speed up in a coordinated manner.
Conservation partnerships between protected lands and their non-protected neighbors can significantly improve a region's ability to accommodate species migration in response to shifting climates. The study found that these partnerships could increase the adaptation indicators for each area by up to two orders of magnitude.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a platform for creating soft robots with embedded sensors that can sense movement, pressure, touch, and even temperature. This innovation enables complex sensing motifs to be easily integrated into soft robotic systems, opening new avenues to device design and fabrication.
A study published in Neurology suggests that small blood vessel changes in the eyes at age 60 may predict cognitive decline by age 80. The researchers used a retinal camera to take photos of participants' eyes and found that those with moderate to severe retinopathy had bigger drops in memory and thinking test scores over time.
A new mathematical framework explains how rare events can cause major disruptions in complex networks like power grids and ecological systems. The framework correctly captures the effect of rare damage configurations observed in real networks, revealing discontinuous percolation transitions that lead to abrupt collapses.
A study by Brown University researchers maps the mineralogy of the South Pole-Aitken basin, a giant impact crater on the Moon's far side. The research identified four distinct mineralogical regions within and around the basin, providing insights for future lunar exploration and landing site selection.
Research finds that mothers who continue to co-sleep with their babies past six months are more likely to feel depressed, criticized, and anxious about their baby's sleep. Despite the trend to discourage co-sleeping, experts emphasize the importance of finding a sleep arrangement that works for everyone in the family.
Research from Imperial College London found that taking daily fish oil capsules during pregnancy reduced the risk of egg allergy in children by 30%, while daily probiotic supplements reduced the risk of eczema by 22%. No significant impact on allergy or eczema risk was found from avoiding potentially allergenic foods.
A new certification program for healthcare associates working with multiple sclerosis patients is now available. The MSHA Certification Examination covers fundamentals of MS and multidisciplinary management, including pharmacologic interventions and patient empowerment.
A study by the American College of Cardiology found a strong correlation between geographic and seasonal trends in coronary heart disease hospitalizations and internet search queries. The research suggests that search data can be a useful resource for tracking heart disease over time and in different regions.
Researchers at VIB have devised a novel approach to develop antibacterial drugs using protein aggregation technology, which can effectively target Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli. The technology has shown strong antibacterial activity against these resistant bacteria and will be further explored by biotech company Aelin Therapeutics.
Studies analyzing brain activity during sedation, surgical anesthesia, and vegetative states reveal fragmented networks and decreased information integration. Researchers hope to develop better methods for quantifying anesthesia depth and assessing consciousness in patients.
Research at the University of Kent found that individuals with anxious attachment style are more likely to believe in conspiracy theories. Anxious attachment is formed in childhood when caregivers are inconsistently available, shaping people's worldviews and political attitudes.
Researchers found that patients with a history of breast cancer or lymphoma are three times more likely to develop heart failure than those without cancer. Elevated risks were associated with diabetes, high doses of chemotherapy, and anthracycline drugs.
Scientists at University of Tsukuba create effective fluorescent sensor for detecting solvent vapor, utilizing a branched molecule called a dendrimer. The sensor can distinguish between various solvents through changes in emission color and intensity.
Researchers at Kumamoto University developed a technique to assess quantum dot photoluminescence emission mechanisms using polyoxometalates. The study revealed previously unseen peak emissions at 410 nm due to bulk defects in the quantum dots.
Scientists at Penn State have developed a new understanding of why synthetic 2D materials often perform orders of magnitude worse than predicted. By using oxygen-terminated substrate surfaces, they enhanced the photoluminescence intensity and carrier lifetime of molybdenum disulfide by 100 times.
A team of astronomers has detected the fingerprints of the earliest stars in the universe, revealing a wealth of information about their formation and evolution. The detection provides the first evidence for the oldest ancestors in our cosmic family tree, born just 180 million years after the universe began.
A DNA study of cow stomachs could significantly boost meat and dairy production by understanding which microbes help cattle extract energy from food. The research identified previously unknown enzymes that can break down plant material, potentially leading to new biofuels.
Researchers developed low-cost, 3D printed hyperspectral imagers for drones, making them accessible for land and ocean mapping. The imagers provide data on terrain features and ocean color, with improved sensitivity in development.
A new machine learning algorithm allows for quick optimization of personalized control parameters for assistive wearable devices, achieving significant improvements in metabolic performance and reducing costs. Researchers achieved a 17.4% reduction in metabolic cost compared to walking without the device.
Researchers found that Risso's dolphins gather information from previous dives and combine it with present experience to optimize their dives. The dolphins adjust their strategy based on the depth distribution and availability of prey, showcasing advanced planning abilities.
Researchers from Far Eastern Federal University found that pesticides are accumulated in the fat tissue of seabirds and marine mammals. The study, published in Marine Pollution Bulletin, showed high levels of organochlorine pesticides in these organisms, particularly in those with higher fat content.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has unveiled a strategic plan to develop a universal influenza vaccine. The plan focuses on three key areas: improving understanding of influenza transmission, characterizing protective immunity, and designing universal vaccines.
The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education has elected new officers, fellow, and awardees. Hallie E. Baker, PhD, and Tina M. Kruger, PhD, were named AGHE fellows, while Marilyn R. Gugliucci, PhD, received the Clark Tibbitts Award for outstanding contributions to gerontology.
A new paper from North Carolina State University presents a case study on fieldwork in rural Belize, demonstrating how anthropological fieldwork methods can be adapted for public history research. The study emphasizes the value of local partnerships and diversity in research teams.
A recent study published in JAMA Network found that obesity is associated with a significantly shorter lifespan and an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. In contrast, being overweight was not linked to a reduced risk of death but did increase the likelihood of developing CVD at a younger age.
A new study found that US animal-related fatalities remained stable from 2008-2015, with most deaths caused by nonvenomous animals like farm animals and dogs. The majority of fatalities were preventable, highlighting the need for education and targeted public policy to reduce animal-related deaths.
Scientists identified a new type of lung stem cell that can regenerate lung tissue after injury. The discovery could lead to innovative treatments for lung diseases in both children and adults, including premature infants and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A new study introduces a holistic 3D numerical simulation model of the human heart, taking into account the mutual interaction between blood flow and individual components. The model reveals complex effects of heart strings on the mitral valve, shedding light on potential strategies for preventing cardiac problems.
A recent study published in PNAS found that holding hands can synchronize brain wave patterns and reduce pain. The study also discovered that empathy plays a crucial role in this phenomenon, with more empathetic partners experiencing greater brain activity sync.
Elevated GRP78 expression is linked to resistance to chemotherapy and poor prognosis in various cancers. The unfolded protein response regulates cell survival through GRP78, which modulates the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Mutated Cyclin E and Myc genes induce premature DNA replication, leading to molecular collisions and new mutations. The study identified a method to map replication origins on all chromosomes, revealing that aberrant sites can cause genomic instability in cancers.
Researchers from the University of Exeter use drones to track turtles over large areas, gaining insights into their behavior and movements at sea. The technology also offers cheaper alternatives for gathering information and provides new avenues for anti-poaching efforts.
A comprehensive genomic analysis of childhood cancer reveals that children and adults have different mutated genes driving their disease, underscoring the need for pediatric-specific precision therapies. The study found that only 45% of the mutated genes 'driving' cancer in children are the same as those in adults.
Researchers studied angiogenin's entry into central nervous system cells to better understand its role in brain diseases like ALS and dementia. The study found that angiogenin uptake has multiple biochemical pathways, revealing a more intricate mechanism than initially thought.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that a common knee operation in elderly patients provides little benefit and may be considered low-value care. The procedure, called arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), accounted for an estimated two-thirds of all orthopaedic knee arthroscopy procedures in older patients.
A two-year study of North Carolina's Jordan Lake found that multiple cyanotoxins are present in the water throughout the year, albeit at very low levels. The researchers used two different measurement methods to detect these toxins and found four types: microsystin, anatoxin-a, clindrospermopsin, and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine.
The Morris Animal Foundation has awarded nearly $1 million in grants for 11 canine research projects focused on combating deadly diseases like cancer and spinal cord disease. These studies aim to improve the health and well-being of dogs, enabling them to live longer and healthier lives.
Scientists have developed a new sample storage method that uses tiny metal-organic hybrid structures to encapsulate and protect disease indicators from blood and urine samples. This technique has been shown to retain more than 85% of biomarkers for kidney damage, comparable to refrigeration.
A new study found that people who regularly eat nuts have a significantly lower risk of colon cancer recurrence and mortality. Nuts also improve disease-free survival and overall survival rates by reducing insulin resistance. Regular nut consumption is associated with being leaner, contrary to concerns about high fat content.
Research found that transcranial direct current stimulation improves memory in people aged 18-35 but not those aged 60-79. The study tested 48 participants in each age group and found a 50% improvement in memory for younger adults immediately after stimulation.
A large-scale study of French volunteers found significant immune variation among individuals due to differences in sex and age, as well as genetic variations. These findings shed new light on potential causes of diseases such as pollen allergy and lupus erythematosus.
Researchers developed nanostructured polymeric carbon nitrides as catalysts for hydrogen production, increasing efficiency under visible light irradiation. The nanostructure with large pores and specific functionalities improved the catalytic properties, approaching that of inorganic catalysts.
Physicists have discovered a way to create complex structures called Rydberg polarons using ultracold strontium atoms, which can be assembled like Lego blocks. The findings reveal new insights into the basic nature of matter and challenge traditional chemistry laws.
A study found that female patients with anxiety disorder react more quickly to a heart attack and arrive at the hospital sooner, potentially improving their chances of survival. In contrast, men with anxiety disorder also showed a positive trend in seeking medical attention earlier, although the effect was not statistically significant.
AutoSaw, a system developed by MIT CSAIL, lets users design and customize furniture templates using expert knowledge and robotics for cutting tasks. The system uses small mobile robots to cut lumber with minimal risk of injury.
A recent study suggests that offering basic password guidance can significantly improve account security. Researchers found that those who received more detailed support and feedback were up to 10 times more likely to create stronger passwords. The study highlights the importance of effective guidance in promoting end-user security.
A new study presents a machine learning algorithm that accurately predicts heart attack diagnoses with a 94% accuracy rate, outperforming standard clinical models. The algorithm uses large collections of patient data to identify patterns and improve routine processes in healthcare delivery.
Researchers have identified a new tardigrade species Macrobiotus shonaicus sp. nov from East Asia, characterized by its solid egg surface and flexible filaments, placing it in the persimilis subgroup within the hufelandi complex. This new discovery increases the number of known tardigrade species from Japan to 168.
Caltech scientists have identified a hierarchical neural circuit in the mouse brain that regulates thirst, involving excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The study reveals how this circuit integrates signals from the subfornical organ and organum vasculosum laminae terminalis to initiate drinking behavior, while also providing insight in...
Annual increase in firearm injury severity found from 1993 to 2014, reflecting hospitalization of more serious injuries and outpatient management of less serious ones. Non-fatal firearm injuries account for 70% of all firearm trauma injuries in the US.
Researchers from MIT and Arizona State University have detected faint signals of hydrogen gas from the primordial universe, tracing them back to just 180 million years after the Big Bang. The discovery indicates that the first stars may have started turning on around this time, causing hydrogen atoms to absorb background radiation.
Researchers found that patients with regularly monitored blood pressure at home had significantly lower blood pressure after 12 months compared to those managed in the clinic. The use of telemonitoring also showed promise for faster and more efficient blood pressure reduction.
A study found that patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) have a slightly improved survival rate compared to the general population. After ten years, higher survival rates were observed among THA patients, particularly those with primary osteoarthritis.
A new study from UT Southwestern Medical Center found a correlation between traumatic brain injury and early-onset Alzheimer's disease. People who sustained concussions were diagnosed with dementia on average 2 1/2 years earlier than those without TBI.