Researchers at UCLA have uncovered a gene network that promotes the formation of spinal motor neurons in chicken and mouse embryos. The study sheds light on how embryonic development is orchestrated for motor neuron formation, with implications for stem cell-based therapies to repair or study neurodegenerative diseases.
A new scientific statement highlights the interconnection between cardiovascular disease and breast cancer, emphasizing the need for research and specialized treatment. The American Heart Association emphasizes prevention and modification of cardiac risk factors during and after breast cancer treatment.
Researchers discovered that silk fibers exhibit Anderson localization of light, a phenomenon that enables efficient control of light due to their nano-architecture. This discovery could lead to innovations in medical therapies and biosensing, as well as the creation of synthetic materials with similar properties.
Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University have developed a technology to create individual, 3D-printed dosimetry phantoms tailored to each patient's anatomy, enabling more accurate radiotherapy treatment plans. The new phantoms can replicate complex internal structures and take into account implants and pacemakers.
A study of 3,812 retired NFL players found a slightly higher risk of death compared to replacement players, mainly due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Repeated head trauma in football may lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a degenerative brain disease.
A new study from Hiroshima University finds that financially literate individuals are less anxious about life in old age, having accumulated more wealth. Having a child and regular exercise also reduce concern about aging.
A genetic study found that house dust mites replaced the traditional Piwi pathway with a new small RNA mechanism to control transposable elements, affecting up to 1.2 billion people worldwide. The discovery provides insights into the evolutionary history of these common indoor pests.
The study reveals that when a crystal is broken along certain directions, atoms reorganize into labyrinthine structures. These structures have potential applications in hydrogen production and chemical reactions, enabling the splitting of water to produce hydrogen.
CNIO researchers have identified a subpopulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts that foster tumour growth and discovered the Saa3 gene as a key player. Eliminating this gene reprograms the cells, losing their pro-tumour properties, opening a new avenue for therapeutic strategies.
The American Heart Association/American Stroke Association has received a $11.1 million gift from the Henrietta B. and Frederick H. Bugher Foundation to fund targeted research in hemorrhagic stroke. The centers will employ precision medicine, data analysis, and core collaborative research to prevent and treat this type of stroke.
Scientists at Yokohama National University developed a photoresponsive molecular switch that enables the control of sol-gel transitions in thermoresponsive polymers. The azobenzene-containing ionic liquid triggers reversible physical property changes upon light irradiation, showing tunable sol and gel states.
A team of astronomers from the University of Basel has found that satellite galaxies around Centaurus A co-rotate within disc-shaped planes, a phenomenon that challenges the standard model of cosmology. This discovery suggests that these systems are not isolated cases but part of a widespread pattern.
A Tel Aviv University study proposes a novel approach to manipulate genes using a self-assembling platform that delivers nucleic acids to distinct cell subsets. The platform shows promise in treating autoimmune diseases and cancer by targeting specific cells and reducing inflammation.
Researchers have discovered a fundamental energy field guiding formation of complex patterns in materials that crystallize, altering current understanding of metal solidification. This finding has the potential to improve casting and welding processes, leading to stronger alloys and improved metallurgical process control.
Researchers have developed a 3D temperature-based model to understand the CGDS film-growing process. The model connects particle impact velocity, energy transformation, and temperature rise in three dimensions, predicting how the average temperature of the particle impact zone will rise and subside.
Researchers at Kyoto University and University of Tokyo have developed a new method for light detection in nuclear magnetic resonance, promising higher sensitivity for MRI. The 'up-convertion' technology converts radio-frequency signals into optical ones using an elastic membrane and optics.
A new study reveals polar bears have higher metabolic rates than previously thought, emphasizing their energy demands and foraging success. As Arctic sea ice declines, polar bears will face reduced access to seal prey and increased travel costs, potentially leading to population decline.
A new study from UT scientists finds that buprenorphine, a drug used to treat opioid addiction, can impair the ability of obese mice to vary their breathing. This discovery may encourage similar studies in humans, who also need to achieve tasks like climbing stairs and respond to challenges such as disease and surgical stress.
The UK government has invested £184 million in doctoral training for science and engineering research over a four-year period. This funding will support students entering training from October 2018 and October 2019, with 41 universities sharing the allocation.
An international team of astronomers has discovered a galactic arrangement where dwarf satellite galaxies orbit the main body in a narrow disk around Centaurus A. This finding contradicts commonly used cosmological models and simulations.
Researchers have found that exposure to ibuprofen during the first three months of fetal development results in a dramatic loss of ovarian germ cells, leading to reduced fertility. Studies suggest that prolonged exposure to ibuprofen may lead to long-term effects on women's fertility.
Researchers have created defect-free ZnO quantum dots with record-long luminescence lifetimes and resistance to chemical and biological environments. The new nanoparticles are biocompatible and safe for human use, offering hope for numerous applications in biology and medicine.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found a strong correlation between belief in conspiracy theories and vaccine skepticism worldwide. The research suggests that conspiracy beliefs can override scientific evidence and lead to negative attitudes towards vaccinations.
A Mount Sinai study found that white adults with mental illness were 50% more likely than blacks to experience delays in care, and 20% more likely to lack sufficient funds for treatments. The researchers suggest that the Great Recession may have contributed to these disparities.
A University of Connecticut study tracked 130 couples over six months and found that when one member commits to losing weight, the chances are good the other partner will lose some weight too. The researchers discovered a significant weight loss ripple effect where couples' weights were interlinked.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a novel method to create supertough renewable plastic with improved manufacturability. Quantum computers are expected to use dramatically less energy than current supercomputers, reducing energy usage by more than one million kilowatt hours.
Researchers at Rice University have created a new type of gas sensor that can monitor microbes' health and activity in soil without disturbing them. The sensor uses genetically engineered microbes to report on their environment and activity, providing valuable data for bioengineers, geobiologists, and other researchers.
A new international study has found a plane of dwarf galaxies orbiting around Centaurus A, challenging a long-held theory that these galaxies are spread out in all directions. The research reveals that spinning pancake-like systems of satellite galaxies are more common than previously thought.
Researchers tracked polar bears during spring hunting season and found their metabolism increased by 1.6 times, with 4 bears losing 10% or more of body mass over 8-11 days
Researchers have discovered a two-dimensional metallic material called MXene that can detect gases at very low concentrations, improving the sensitivity of chemical sensors. This could lead to early diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as ulcers, diabetes, cancer, cirrhosis, multiple sclerosis, and kidney disease.
New research from Binghamton University reveals that interactions between relatively small organisms are crucial to mutualistic relationships in an ecosystem dominated by larger organisms. The study found that a third partner, scale insects, strengthens an ant-plant mutualism, providing vital nutrients and defense against predators.
A landmark study has identified a small stretch of DNA that best predicts long-term kidney transplant success. The HLA locus genetic match between donor and recipient is crucial for predicting transplant survival and potential personalized treatments.
Researchers used human disease pedigrees to identify genetic causes of complex diseases like multiple myeloma, finding two gene regions involved in DNA repair and packaging. This new method demonstrates the potential for pinning down genes contributing to other complex diseases, such as obesity and Alzheimer's.
A University of Houston biomedical engineer has developed a new method to locate the brain's seizure onset zone in record time, reducing hospitalization time from up to 10 days to just one hour. This breakthrough could save patients weeks of treatment and improve their quality of life.
Recent research reveals that even weak Moonlight and aurora-induced light can trigger a rapid migration of Arctic zooplankton to deeper waters. This phenomenon is caused by the animals' extreme sensitivity to light, which can be disrupted by light pollution from vessels or ocean structures.
Scientists at CUNY and Harvard, in partnership with UBS Asset Management, developed a scientific framework for assessing the environmental and social impacts of investments. The framework provides a new calculus for sustainable investing, using scientifically-based metrics to evaluate companies' actions and products.
A new study reveals polar bears have higher metabolic rates than thought, making them struggle to catch enough seals to meet their energy demands. The research found that five of nine adult female polar bears lost body mass due to insufficient fat-rich prey.
A Montana State University ecologist has received a prestigious Swedish professorship to further his research on predator-prey relationships and conservation of Africa's top carnivores. The award allows him to collaborate with experts in molecular ecology and explore how human activities isolate ecosystems.
Research classifies olive varieties by their susceptibility to anthracnose, with Picual variety found to be highly resistant. Almost all Spanish cultivars are classified as susceptible or moderately susceptible, highlighting the need for farmers to choose resistant varieties.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that Arid5a translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to inflammation, regulating IL-6 production. This finding offers potential therapeutic strategies for septic shock and autoimmune diseases.
Tropical Cyclone Cebile was a powerful hurricane in the Southern Indian Ocean when NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captured an image of its well-rounded circulation center. The storm had maximum sustained winds of 132 mph, centered near 16.1 degrees south latitude and 76.1 degrees east longitude.
A study published in Science reveals that ultrafine aerosol particles can intensify rainfall in the Amazon region by enhancing cloud formation and thunderstorms. The presence of these nanoparticles, which are too small to play a significant role in polluted areas, has a substantial impact on the hydrologic cycle in the Amazon.
Researchers have sequenced the genomes of 13 wild and domesticated rice species, revealing valuable genetic information for developing new, efficient, and sustainable rice varieties. The newly created genetic resource provides insights into disease resistance genes, which could help reduce pesticide use and ensure reliable rice harvests.
A randomized, double-blind trial showed that adding sodium benzoate to clozapine improved negative symptoms and overall symptoms in patients with refractory schizophrenia. The treatment had no side effects and may provide hope for treating the most difficult-to-treat patients.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a simple method to generate high-quality hydrogen from water using inexpensive nickel and iron. The technique could be scaled up for large-scale testing and store renewable energy generated by solar and wind sources.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have discovered a 'quantum hack' that improves quantum error correction by up to 400 percent, allowing for more efficient computations. This breakthrough could lead to fewer physical qubits required for basic calculations, making practical quantum computers a reality.
Researchers at UC Riverside have developed methods to detect signals from spintronic components made of low-cost metals and silicon, overcoming a major barrier to wide application. This breakthrough enables the creation of spintronic computers that generate little heat and use relatively minuscule amounts of electricity.
Researchers at the University of Arizona used a novel technique to observe electrons moving through crystals, shedding light on the unique properties of transition metal dichalcogenides. The study revealed that electrons move differently within and across layers, with implications for future processing technologies.
A quality improvement project found that 80% of patients completed advance directives after discussing their wishes with a hospital-based chaplain. Chaplain-facilitated conversations provided patients with peace of mind and reduced family member guilt, as they documented their wishes in a shared document.
A bacterial duo has been identified as a potential contributor to colon cancer risk. Escherichia Coli and Bacteroides fragilis alter the gut microenvironment by depleting mucus and inducing inflammation, facilitating E.coli colonization.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered how the most common DNA mutation happens, a phenomenon that allows guanine and thymine bases to change shape and avoid detection by enzymes. This finding provides a foundation for understanding other types of DNA mutations, which are responsible for diseases and normal aging.
Researchers at CU Boulder discovered a mechanism explaining the persistence of asymmetrical stellar clusters surrounding supermassive black holes. This rate suggests that in post-galactic merger periods, orbiting stars could be flung into the black hole and destroyed at a rate of one per year.
Researchers discovered that Arctic ponds can be hotspots for the degradation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), releasing more carbon into the atmosphere. The study found that these ponds have distinct chemical compositions compared to rivers, and rapid permafrost thaw is adding carbon to them.
The study provides a comprehensive dataset of mammalian traits in the Atlantic Forest, expanding possibilities for zoological and ecological research. The data aims to draw attention to the region's importance and encourage conservation efforts, highlighting the crucial role small mammals play in the ecosystem.
Polymer researchers found that manipulating polypropylene molecules' regularity affects the end product's mechanical properties. They discovered a relationship between isotacticity, degree of crystallinity, and material toughness.
A study by Columbia University researchers found that loss of Rbfox genes disrupts the assembly of the axon initial segment, crucial for neurons to fire action potentials. The team identified the Rbfox-controlled splicing of the Ankyrin-G gene as a key factor in this process.
Nemours has received a grant of $825,000 from the Toy Foundation to develop trauma-informed patient care and play-based interventions. The project aims to reduce traumatic stress in hospitalized children and their families by emphasizing physical and emotional safety through play.