Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory use laser-based optical tweezers to levitate uranium and plutonium particles, allowing for accurate measurement of nuclear recoil during radioactive decay. This technique enables the detection of isotopes in nanometer and micrometer-sized particles, crucial for nuclear forensics.
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University finds that around one in three LGB individuals who are bullied at school will experience similar bullying in the workplace. The study also examines the impact on job satisfaction and mental health, finding a negative association between bullying and job satisfaction.
Scientists have found an optimal mating distance that maximizes genetic fitness in model organisms, including baker's yeast, Arabidopsis plants, and mice. This discovery has implications for animal and plant breeding as well as conservation.
Fine water particle sprays improved skin hydration and softening in adult women during winter months. The benefits were due to the smaller diameter of sprayed particles compared to skin intercellular spaces.
Scientists have identified a rare three-species hybrid warbler found in Pennsylvania, resulting from a Golden-winged/Blue-winged Warbler mother and a Chestnut-sided Warbler father. Genetic analysis revealed the unique combination of traits, shedding light on bird's adaptability and genetic diversity.
The Irene Diamond Fund/AFAR Postdoctoral Transition Awards in Aging will provide full-time research training and flexible grant support to seven postdoctoral fellows studying various aspects of aging. The awards aim to create a research pipeline for advancing therapies for age-related diseases.
Researchers found that rats possess the capacity for selective amnesia, using a similar brain mechanism as humans. By actively recalling memories, rats can selectively forget distracting experiences, improving memory efficiency but potentially leading to problems like witness forgetting in police interviews.
Research team observes pairs of supermassive black holes drawn together by merging galaxies, providing insights into the late stages of cosmic collisions. The study confirms that over 17% of nearby galaxies host a pair of black holes at their center.
Researchers have developed a natural way to prevent enzymatic browning in pastry dough, driven by polyphenol oxidase (PPO). A combination of white wine and lemon juice inhibits PPO activity and prevents discoloration, making it an attractive alternative to synthetic additives.
A new study found that social media can be a source of information for recruiters to discriminate against job applicants based on their city of origin. Researchers sent over 800 applications with different cities listed on Facebook profiles and found a significant gap in callback rates between applicants from France and Morocco.
Melbourne scientists discovered how mutant p53 promotes cancer development by 'tackling' the normal protein and blocking its protective role. This allows cancer cells to undergo further genetic changes that accelerate tumour growth.
A team of researchers used real-time MRI to study how beatboxers produce percussion sounds, finding that they can create unique sounds not seen in any language. The study used video signal processing to demystify the mechanics of artistic style and characterized different beatboxing styles.
Researchers at OIST investigate viscoelastic fluid flow over wavy surfaces, revealing unexpected effects of elasticity. The critical layer, a region where vortices are amplified, is confirmed experimentally for the first time.
Researchers have discovered a Chlamydia protein that manipulates human cells by removing ubiquitin and acetylation, essential for the bacterium's survival. This finding could pave the way for treating Chlamydia with fewer antibiotics.
New research reveals that ligaments hold teeth in place, contradicting previous assumptions. Early dinosaurs like Changchunsaurus parvus had unique tooth replacement methods and wavy enamel.
Grickscheit aims to develop an 'off-the-shelf' stem cell-based therapy that might not require immunosuppression, a substantial step forward for metabolic liver disease. The UPLiFT investigation will test the effective dose and regimen of the therapy.
An investigation by The BMJ found that tens of thousands of UK patients with type 1 diabetes are being denied access to flash glucose monitoring devices due to a postcode lottery. Despite NHS guidance, only 3-5% of patients have access to the devices, compared to 20-25% recommended by clinical commissioning groups.
Researchers found that mailing self-collection kits to test for high-risk human papillomavirus infection detected high-risk HPV in all cases of women with high-grade, abnormal cervical precancerous growths. This approach has the potential to boost cervical cancer screening, especially among low-income women who are overdue for testing.
An experimental compound has been shown to prevent and alleviate cognitive and mood problems in mice with Gulf War illness-like symptoms. Researchers found that the treatment can normalize dysregulation of glutamate in the brain, a potential contributor to the condition.
Researchers analyzed laughter clips from 44 infants to children aged 3-18 months and found that youngest babies laughed on both inhalation and exhalation, similar to chimpanzees. Older babies primarily laughed on the exhale, as seen in older children and adults.
Researchers from Osaka University established a new analytical approach, MIGWAS, that integrates genetic and molecular data to reveal tissue-specific features associated with diseases. The study successfully identified novel cellular components linked to traits and diseases.
A new study reveals how vultures use social networks to gather flight information, making risky yet efficient choices. The research, led by Hannah Williams from Swansea University, tracked the movements of five vultures using special tag technology and found that they fly towards areas where other birds had been circling.
Researchers developed a targeted therapy that enhances fracture repair in vivo, reducing healing time by 60% without impacting surrounding healthy tissue. The therapy, DAC, was found to double bone density and improve treatment intervals, offering potential benefits for the orthopedic community.
Dr. Peter Adams has been awarded a two-year $300,000 Glenn Foundation for Medical Research Breakthroughs in Gerontology (BIG) Award to investigate chromatin misfolding causes of aging. The award aims to support research that leads to a greater understanding of biological aging and its treatment.
The US Advanced Battery Consortium has funded an extension of the patented lithium-ion battery recycling process developed at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. The process can recycle spent Li-ion batteries and produce new cathode materials, including nickel-rich cathodes for commercial-grade automotive batteries.
Goffin's cockatoos can create and manipulate novel tools to reach food rewards. They adjust the length of their cardboard tools to account for varying distances, making longer tools as a risk-avoidance strategy.
A new study links international investors to economic activities that modify large ecosystems, including the Amazon rainforest and boreal forests. Financial institutions can play a crucial role in bolstering or undermining climate stability through their investments.
A Rutgers University study found that German cockroaches were present in 29% of surveyed apartments, with poor sanitation and resident tolerance being key predictors. Residents unaware of cockroach presence had higher rates of infestation and allergens.
Under dim light conditions, cyanobacteria divide asymmetrically to produce short daughter cells. The Min system's oscillation pattern changes depending on cell length, allowing bacteria to survive in stressful environments.
A study of Australian seniors reveals high rates of nonadherence and discontinuation with prescribed statins. Factors such as age, comorbidities, and type of prescribing doctor influence the likelihood of proper statin use.
A machine-learning algorithm, inDelphi, predicts the precise correction of broken genes by analyzing data from CRISPR-induced breaks. Researchers successfully corrected nearly 200 disease-associated genetic variants, restoring gene function to healthy states.
Researchers have discovered how engineered protein receptor CAR activates cancer-fighting cells, shedding light on effective treatments and side effects. By understanding phosphorylation processes, they aim to design better cancer-fighting CARs with fewer side effects.
Cannabidiol (CBD) has demonstrated significant antiepileptic efficacy, resulting in a 38-41% reduction in seizure frequency compared to placebo. CBD is well-tolerated but may cause side effects such as sedation and decreased appetite.
A new 'dual mobility' hip replacement implant has been found to reduce the risk of dislocation in patients undergoing revision surgery. The study, conducted by Dr. Geoffrey Westrich and colleagues at Hospital for Special Surgery, showed a low rate of instability with good functional improvement.
Researchers developed a new, BNP-based staging system to predict survival in AL Amyloidosis patients, improving access at hospitals without NT-proBNP testing. The study found the system accurately identified cardiac involvement and separated patients into survival stages.
A new study by Portland State University researchers finds that climate change is causing more severe wildfires and larger insect outbreaks in temperate forests. The study analyzed 50 protected areas and found a strong link between high disturbance activity and warmer, drier-than-average climate conditions.
Tropical cyclone Alcide reached hurricane-force strength, according to NASA's Terra satellite imagery. The storm was observed with a thick band of powerful thunderstorms circling the center, and its eye appeared ragged on MODIS imagery.
Researchers have observed two galaxy nuclei in close proximity to each other, providing a rare glimpse of supermassive black hole pairs. The study offers insights into the final stages of galaxy mergers and their role in shaping the evolution of massive black holes.
The Konstanz research team developed a technique to measure enzyme inhibition in living cells, which allows for the discovery of inhibitors targeting quinolone biosynthesis. Inhibiting this process disrupts bacterial communication and prevents toxin production, blocking infectious properties.
Researchers successfully developed novel nanostructured films composed of low-cost and environmentally-friendly ZnO. The embedded-ZnO nanowire structure exhibits a 3-fold increase in thermoelectric power factor and a 20% decrease in thermal conductivity, enabling energy recovery from transparent objects.
A new analysis of E. coli cell data sheds light on the long-standing question of what triggers cell division, suggesting that both DNA replication and septum formation occur concurrently. This discovery challenges existing models and offers new perspectives on cellular growth and potential applications in understanding cancer.
Researchers have developed a new method that can detect hard-to-trace tumor DNA in the blood by focusing on specific fragment sizes. The technique improves cancer detection and may also be applicable to other types of DNA in body fluids.
The 2018 Glenn Foundation for Medical Research and AFAR Research Grant for Junior Faculty has awarded $1,200,000 to twelve researchers studying aging processes and age-related diseases. The grants will support research focused on mechanisms of biology governing normal human aging and its related physiological decline.
New research reveals modern slavery promotes overfishing by allowing distant-water fishing fleets to remain profitable, with crews from China, Taiwan, and Russia facing high risk of labour abuses. Global marine fish catches are declining at a rate of 1.2 million tonnes per year.
A new study found that surgery patients often take less than half of the prescribed opioid pain medications, with prescription size being the most important factor. The study suggests that surgeons can reduce opioid prescriptions and improve patient safety by considering individual factors such as pain scores and operation intensity.
A recent study found that pregnant women who gained normal weight had slightly increased bone mass in their children at age 7, while overweight mothers saw no benefit. The findings suggest following US pregnancy weight gain guidelines may not harm children's skeletal health.
Researchers at the University of Alabama have developed a new plasma device that can clean water of difficult-to-remove bacteria and toxins. The device uses pulses of voltage to produce hydroxyl radicals, which cause a cascade of reactions leading to purer water samples.
A team of Penn Engineers has developed a new material called nanocardboard, an ultrathin equivalent of corrugated paper cardboard. It is made of aluminum oxide film with a thickness of tens of nanometers and can spring back into shape after being bent in half.
A new analysis of an aggregated set of family trees suggests that the heritability of life span is well below past estimates, likely no more than seven percent. This finding could be due to assortative mating, where people select partners with similar traits, including longevity.
Researchers developed a novel computational tool called ADmiRE to annotate human microRNA variants and determine their potential contribution to diseases. The tool successfully identified microRNA mutations in miR-142 and miR-21 linked to hematologic cancers and esophageal cancer, respectively.
A team of scientists designed a bioreactor device that induces partial hindlimb regeneration in adult frogs by stimulating tissue repair at the amputation site. The device triggers complex downstream outcomes, resulting in bigger, more structured appendages.
Researchers develop nano-immunotherapy that prevents immune cells from activating and attacking transplanted organs, allowing for long-term acceptance. This approach could transform patient care and help overcome barriers to successful transplant outcomes.
Researchers at Kyoto University successfully created intense terahertz pulses to fine-tune the switching behavior of a phase-change memory material. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more stable memory technologies with increased density.
The University of Arizona has received a $1.075 million NSF grant to support underrepresented minority students in engineering graduate programs. The Bridge to the Doctorate program combines financial assistance with opportunities for professional development, aiming to bridge the gap between minorities and STEM doctorates.
Researchers found that adolescent marijuana use reduces perineuronal net formation around inhibitory cells, affecting decision-making and self-control. This alteration may have long-term consequences for brain function and behavior.
A synthetic compound based on a brain hormone has shown surprising benefits in treating lung and other cancers in mice, but its effect on human cells was the opposite. The compound, MR409, is one of several GHRH analogs that spur healthy tissue growth and may alleviate concerns about stimulating cancer cell growth.
The American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and Heart Rhythm Society have published a guideline for evaluating and treating patients with bradycardia. The guidelines recommend diagnostic testing tools, lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and pacing devices to manage the condition.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered the specific non-coding section of the 'speed gene' that limits myostatin protein production, affecting skeletal muscle development and race distance aptitude. The findings provide valuable insights for thoroughbred breeders and trainers, a multi-billion dollar industry.
A new study published in Radiology uses deep learning to predict Alzheimer's disease from brain imaging, achieving 100% sensitivity in detecting the disease an average of more than six years prior to final diagnosis. The algorithm has the potential to complement existing tests and provide opportunities for early intervention.
A recent study from the University of Colorado Boulder found that academic ideas tend to spread faster from highly-ranked universities, even when the quality of the idea is mediocre. This suggests a power imbalance in academia, where elite institutions have an advantage in spreading their research to others.