Researchers have found that blood biopsies provide highly detailed genetic information that agrees well with bone marrow tests. This breakthrough could lead to more personalized treatment plans for patients with multiple myeloma, as the disease's progression can vary over time.
A new approach to hearing assessment has been developed and validated, focusing on whether public safety professionals can perform 'hearing-critical' job tasks in specific noise environments. The method takes into account real-world noise environments and provides an objective means of occupational hearing screening.
The Sleep Research Society has selected three leading sleep scientists to receive its 2018 awards. David F. Dinges, Chiara Cirelli, and Sharon A. Keenan will be honored for their groundbreaking contributions to the field of sleep and circadian science.
Introduced species are deliberately excluded from biodiversity reports, distorting international nature reports and the public's view of nature. The study recommends including their positive contributions to accurately track the state of biodiversity and its evolution.
The UK loses 86 million workdays to migraine annually, costing the economy £8.8 billion. The condition affects over 23% of adults with nearly 200,000 attacks daily.
A new technique enhances power output of single-mode lasers, enabling terahertz spectroscopy applications. The technique introduces a hybrid second- and fourth-order Bragg grating in the laser's optical cavity.
A new study led by St. Michael's Hospital maps the potential risk of yellow fever virus spread to cities around the world, analyzing travel patterns and environmental conditions. The research highlights the need for countries to reexamine their policies to prevent yellow fever virus importation, protect travelers, and prevent exportation.
The Gulf of Oman has been found to have a vast and growing oxygen minimum zone, with an area larger than Scotland having almost no oxygen left. Climate change and pollution are exacerbating the issue, threatening marine life and human reliance on the oceans.
A North Carolina State University study found that two fish species, western blacknose dace and creek chub, evolved different body shapes in response to urbanization. The study showed that the dace became more streamlined, while the chub developed deeper bodies in urban areas. Lab experiments confirmed that genetic differences played a...
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine identified ubiquitin-fusion degradation 1 (UFD1) as a key protein in aggressive T-cell leukemia. Reducing UFD1 levels by 50% inhibited leukemia development without impacting healthy tissues.
Researchers discovered that GLP-1 receptor agonists can selectively reduce cocaine-seeking without causing nausea. The study used FDA-approved medications for diabetes and obesity treatment, such as Exendin-4, to treat cocaine addiction. Low doses of the medication reduced cocaine-seeking behaviors in rats.
Brazilian researchers use human tissue samples from victims of the Hiroshima bombing to measure radiation dose absorbed by bones. The study confirms the feasibility of this method and opens up possibilities for future research, clarifying details of the nuclear attack.
A new study developed a novel risk tool to predict 30-day readmission rates in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The tool calculates a score based on several variables, including chronic kidney disease, anemia, and discharge disposition, with a c-statistic of 0.63.
A contemporary real-world analysis of culprit vessel-only intervention (CVI) versus multivessel intervention (MVI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiogenic shock (CS) found lower mortality rates for CVI. The study, presented at the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions 2018 Scientific Sessio...
A Kyoto University researcher has captured the first Yanbaru whiskered bat in Okinawa since its discovery in 1996. The critically endangered species was found to have a range-restricted habitat within the Yanbaru Forest, highlighting the need for conservation efforts.
Researchers found that positive family climate and effective parenting strategies during adolescence can lead to better problem-solving skills and less-violent romantic relationships as young adults. Positive engagement with parents is also associated with feelings of love and connection in young adult relationships.
Argonne researchers Lawrence Harding, Albert Wagner, Stephen Klippenstein, and James Miller have been inducted as fellows of The Combustion Institute. Their pioneering work has led to significant advances in understanding the chemistry of combustion. The recognition highlights the importance of U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sc...
A significant update to the PROGRESS-CTO International Registry reveals successful outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Intervention (CTO PCI) for over 3,000 patients. The study found high success rates with acceptable complications, supporting its use in experienced centers.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy approach to treat GM2 gangliosidosis, a devastating neurodegenerative disease. The treatment has shown promising results in mouse models and is now being tested in clinical trials using recombinant Adeno-associated viruses for gene transfer.
Researchers at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory developed a new technology that allows soldiers to learn 13 times faster than conventional methods, potentially saving lives. This technique uses low-cost hardware and collaborative filtering to achieve a significant speedup in training compared to state-of-the-art systems.
The Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research has awarded a $5 million grant to Texas A&M AgriLife Research to develop and adopt water and energy-efficient irrigation technologies. The grant will be matched by project partners, totaling $10 million over five years. Researchers will focus on precision application systems, weather pre...
A recent study found significant differences in nutrient levels and species composition between Devils Hole and a constructed scale replica at the Ash Meadows Fish Conservation Facility. The findings suggest that modifications to the refuge's operation could improve the prospects for continued survival of the critically endangered Devi...
Researchers at Kumamoto University developed a new catalyst that improves NH3 combustibility and suppresses NOx generation. The catalyst allows for the decomposition of NH3 into H2 with low ignition temperature and purification through oxidation.
Researchers at University of Strathclyde and Capital Normal University have developed a new source of intense terahertz radiation with unprecedented efficiency. This breakthrough could lead to new advances in science and technology, including the identification of normally hidden phenomena and unique control of matter.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a method to enhance red blood cell transfusion compatibility using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. By altering specific blood group genes, they can prevent immune reactions in patients with rare blood types or those requiring frequent transfusions.
Researchers discovered that two amino acids in the guard cells' protein SLAC1 enable grasses to quickly close their stomata and prevent water loss. This mechanism allows grasses to adapt better to drought, making them more suitable for water-scarce regions.
Researchers used supercomputer simulations to study the behavior of mantle plumes, a key factor in volcanic formation. The study provided new insights into how plumes interact with seismic waves and could help guide future experiments on the ocean floor.
Biologist Judy Simon develops a system to observe interactions between tree roots in 3D, enabling the study of nitrogen uptake and communication. The transparent substrate allows for the observation of root activities, potentially contributing to sustainable forest management.
A UCI-led study finds that tropical forests respond to higher CO2 by reducing water vapor, leading to drought in the Amazon and increased rainfall in Indonesia. This process can have significant impacts on biodiversity, freshwater availability, and food supplies.
A new study at Boston Medical Center aims to bridge a gap in care for patients with substance use disorders by linking them with trained peer recovery coaches. The project, Project RECOVER, will provide support and sustain recovery for up to six months through interventions delivered by certified peer coaches.
A NUS-led study reveals that a beltway in Sao Paulo diverted heavy-duty diesel vehicles, reducing public health damage from diesel emissions. The intervention led to a sustained drop in nitrogen oxides levels and improved air quality.
Kyoto University scientists have developed a shape-memory effect in porous materials, which can change and retain their shapes. The new material, with a porosity of 46%, has been shown to adsorb carbon dioxide and retain its shape after multiple cycles.
Researchers at UC Davis developed a new technique using conventional digital camera technology to measure brain blood flow. The method, called interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy, boosts the signal to detect fluctuations in blood motion, providing valuable information about blood flow.
The Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) is developing innovative software solutions to enhance scientific productivity. Their interactive parallelization tool, IPT, enables researchers to convert serial code into parallel code using tens of thousands of processors, achieving significant speed-ups and user productivity enhancements. ...
Researchers found that bacteria in Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies produce dual signal responses to antibiotic tobramycin, including a localized and community-wide response. This communication may enable the bacteria to develop tolerance to some antibiotics.
Scientists have successfully engineered defects in diamonds to store and transfer quantum information, a crucial step towards quantum computing. The technique uses vibrations from a mechanical resonator to stabilize optical properties, enabling the manipulation of electron orbitals.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection has shown positive aesthetic outcomes in facial rejuvenation, hair regrowth, and acne scar treatment. However, the research evidence is limited due to inconsistent PRP preparation and injection techniques, lack of standardized assessments, and short follow-up periods.
Scientists at OIST have developed stable and efficient perovskite solar cells that could revolutionize the solar industry. The new material is made of inorganic components, making it more heat-stable than previous versions.
A UAB-led study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that denosumab was superior to risedronate in increasing bone density in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The 12-month study enrolled 795 patients and showed promising results for the new drug.
Researchers recover intact human mitochondrial DNA from common type of plant-based artifact, providing insights into the genetic ancestry of Native Americans in the Desert Southwest. The study also sheds light on the Numic Spread event, a contentious debate among scientists.
Researchers verify anomalous amplitude apodization for non-spherical particles, boosting microscope magnifying power and peak field intensity. This technique enhances imaging capabilities for biological molecules, viruses, and living cells.
The U.S. Small Business Administration has renewed the Veterans Business Outreach Center grant at the University of Texas at Arlington for $1.375 million over five years. The grant supports education, training, and consulting services for veterans starting or growing businesses in North Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have identified N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) as a potential therapeutic target for Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), a rare condition that causes premature ageing. In a mouse model, chemical inhibition or genetic deregulation of NAT10 led to significant health and lifespan gains.
Researchers at UTHealth and Ohio State University combined virotherapy with boosting the natural immune system to fight cancer. The study found that increasing the number of externally added NK cells strengthens the ability to fight cancer.
Research identifies a mechanism by which glioma cells develop resistance to anti-angiogenic treatment, using different strategies to spread through the brain. The study reveals a potential target for combination therapies based on Wnt signaling and vessel co-option pathways.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine has selected several individuals for its 2018 awards, including Dr. Jack D. Edinger and Naresh M. Punjabi, who received the Nathaniel Kleitman Distinguished Service Award and William C. Dement Academic Achievement Award respectively. Arianna Huffington also received the Mark O. Hatfield Public Pol...
A study published in the Journal of Advertising Research found that both Black and White teens perceive Black-oriented media as being targeted towards them, suggesting the potential for increased profitability when marketed to a broader audience. The study surveyed 1,900 adolescents ages 14-17 about their movie preferences.
The AVIATOR 2 international registry found significant discrepancies between physician-perceived risks and calculated scores for stroke, ischemic risk, and bleeding in patients with AF undergoing PCI. The study used a novel smartphone-based survey to capture physician and patient perspectives on antithrombotic therapies after PCI.
Researchers discovered that a multiple sclerosis drug can mitigate the painful side effect of cancer treatment bortezomib. Fingolimod, an approved multiple sclerosis medication, blocks the production of molecules causing nerve damage and alleviates neuropathic pain.
A study analyzed online reviews of over 1,000 plastic surgeons on Google, Yelp, and RealSelf, finding that positive reviews were more likely to mention good bedside manner and surgeon expertise. Negative reviews often cited disappointment with cosmetic results or perceived rudeness from the surgeon.
Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum München have identified 16 virus structures that can be attacked by killer T cells, which could lead to new therapies for immunocompromised individuals and patients with autoimmune diseases. The researchers discovered these targets using an algorithm and verified them in a large group of patients.
A team of renewable energy experts at the University of Exeter has developed a new method to produce hydrogen from sunlight using a revolutionary photo-electrode. This breakthrough could create a virtually limitless energy source with zero carbon emissions and double the energy density of fossil fuels.
Swansea University's METaL scheme has received £1.4m EU funding to increase skills in the advanced manufacturing sector. The additional funding will enable the scheme to support over 400 people in gaining technical skills, with a focus on emerging sectors such as energy and smart manufacturing.
Researchers found that music activates the salience network of the brain, which remains relatively functioning in individuals with Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that personalized music programs may be an alternative route for communicating with patients who have lost contact with their environment.
Talin and α-catenin proteins unfold through stable 3-helix intermediates, enabling recruitment of other binding partners and regulating protein function.