Researchers have developed thin, flexible polymer-based materials for microelectrode arrays that record brain activity more deeply and with greater specificity. These arrays have been shown to be less invasive and damaging to surrounding cells, allowing for longer recording periods.
A University of Michigan study found that energy-efficient lighting availability and price vary with poverty levels. In high-poverty areas, the upfront cost of LED bulbs is twice as high as conventional incandescent bulbs, limiting access to energy efficiency.
Scientists at Umea University have developed a technique to track the carbon metabolism of plants over their entire lifetime, using tree rings. This method provides valuable information for refining climate models and assessing plant role in reducing CO2 concentration.
The ALS Association granted Lauren Sciences LLC its third award for developing LAUR-301, a V-Smart Nanomedicine for ALS. LAUR-301 aims to deliver GDNF across the blood-brain barrier and induce neuro-restoration in all ALS patients.
A new study reveals that restoring coastal wetlands and oyster reefs can significantly reduce flood risks on the US Gulf Coast, with potential benefits exceeding $7 in direct flood-reduction benefits for every $1 spent on restoration. Nature-based solutions can be more cost-effective than traditional 'gray' measures like seawalls.
The Atlantic overturning has slowed down by 15% since the middle of the 20th century due to human-caused global warming. This weakening causes widespread cooling in the northern Atlantic and shifts the Gulf Stream northwards.
Researchers suggest a cycle linking supercontinent formation to tidal energy, which controls ocean wave strength. Strong tidal energy fosters nutrient mixing, sustaining ocean life, while low tidal energy may lead to oxygen-starved oceans.
A team of researchers has discovered new evidence for color in Mesozoic fossils, revealing that intricate microstructures created the metallic bronze to golden colors found on ancient butterfly wings. This study extends the evidence for light-scattering structures in insect fossil records by over 130 million years.
A new study of 45 years reveals that Alaska Natives have a similar incidence of thyroid cancer as the U.S. white population, but their tumors tend to be larger and have spread beyond a localized area. The study suggests that differences in access to healthcare may contribute to these discrepancies.
Researchers found that faba bean cover crops can add a significant amount of nitrogen to the soil, reducing the need for commercial fertilizer by up to half. The timing and management of faba bean residues also play a crucial role in maximizing the benefits of this practice.
Researchers at McLean Hospital have identified a method to predict depressed patients' treatment prognosis by analyzing brain activity in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex. The study showed that patients with higher activity before treatment are more likely to respond positively, allowing clinicians to tailor treatment approaches.
Researchers have developed vaccines against heroin and prescription opioids that target the brain's opioid receptors, preventing addiction-relevant behaviors. The vaccines appear safe and effective in blocking opioid distribution to the brain, potentially helping prevent fatal overdoses.
Research reveals inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is common among racehorses, even those without respiratory signs. The study of 95 deceased racehorses found most had some degree of IAD, suggesting all horses may be exposed to inflammation.
A study aims to understand how innate immunity in young children generates and maintains natural protection against clinical malaria. Researchers will examine epigenetic regulation of monocyte functions using DNA methylation and histone proteins.
A new NCI study revises molecular classification for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, identifying four prominent genetic subtypes that can help explain treatment response. The study's findings will aid in predicting prognosis and tailoring therapy for patients with DLBCL.
A study of over 1,300 women found that entering menopause at a later age was associated with better verbal memory skills. After adjusting for other factors, the researchers found a small but significant difference in memory scores, recalling an average of 0.09 additional words per year.
The inaugural issue of Hokkaido University's 'Tackling Global Issues' magazine highlights soft matter research with potential applications in medicine and industry. The publication features research on hydrogels, soft crystals and molecular machines.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine reveals that macrophages suppress the activity of CD8 T cells, a type of immune cell that recognizes and kills melanoma cells. By disrupting macrophages, researchers found improved efficacy for immunotherapy in experimental models of melanoma.
The Rivkin Center awarded $1.185 million to ovarian cancer researchers worldwide, focusing on prevention and early detection, DNA repair, and novel therapies. This funding aims to improve early detection and discover new treatments for the deadly gynecological cancer.
The new 3D printed metamaterials, developed by researchers at the University of Southern California, can block sound waves and mechanical vibrations remotely using a magnetic field. They have the potential to be used for noise cancellation, vibration control, and sonic cloaking.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a serum that reduces malaria infection in mice by targeting a protein in the saliva of infected mosquitoes. The novel approach could potentially be used to enhance existing malaria vaccines and has implications for other mosquito-borne infections.
A new study found that specific bacteria in the small intestine play a key role in fat absorption and digestion, with certain microbes multiplying in response to high-fat foods. The findings suggest that these microbes facilitate the production and secretion of digestive enzymes, enabling rapid absorption of calorie-dense foods.
A new study led by University of Arizona cognitive scientist Aneta Kielar found that people with primary progressive aphasia, a rare dementia, can recruit intact areas of the brain to decipher sentences. This brain compensation offers hope for developing targeted treatments for PPA.
A Brigham Young University study found that students who analyzed their own microbiome data spent 31% more time on coursework and reported increased confidence in scientific reasoning abilities. This approach may increase student engagement in science education, inspiring lifelong learning.
Researchers from UNIGE found that six-month-old babies can differentiate between happiness and anger based on voices and facial expressions. The study, published in PLOS ONE, shows that babies look longer at an angry face with a happy voice than at a neutral face or one expressing anger.
Research from Indiana University's Kelley School of Business found that US publicly listed companies' chances of surviving over five years have declined significantly since the 1960s. The study suggests that traditional views on company age may no longer predict organizational success, as organizations become increasingly temporary.
Large disparities persist in the impact of cardiovascular disease across US states, mainly influenced by modifiable risk factors. The study estimated health lost to CVD at the state level from 1990 to 2016 using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.
Researchers found that satellite DNA, once thought to be 'junk,' is essential for holding the genome together and ensuring cell survival. This conserved function is critical for chromosomes to bundle correctly inside the nucleus.
Researchers created a genetically engineered ferret with a mutation linked to abnormally small human brain size, revealing an evolutionary mechanism governing cerebral cortical size. The study suggests that genes responsible for centriole function played a crucial role in the expansion of human brains over time.
A new type of cancer vaccine made from patients' own immune cells has yielded promising results in an initial clinical trial. The vaccine triggers a broad anti-tumor T-cell response, with half of the vaccinated patients showing signs of improved survival and one patient remaining disease-free for five years.
A team of scientists found that species with strong male sexual dimorphism are more vulnerable to extinction due to increased energy investment in reproduction. They analyzed thousands of ancient crustacean fossils, including ostracods with distinct sex-specific shapes preserved in the fossil record.
A recent study published by the University of Southern California found that people from different countries have vastly different perceptions of their physical activity. The study, which tracked participants in the US, Netherlands, and England, revealed that Americans tend to overestimate their activity levels while Europeans underest...
Researchers have identified a network of brain cells that orchestrate parental behavior in mice, including hormonal changes and altered social behaviors. The discovery could one day help develop treatments for postpartum depression and other related conditions.
Ludwig scientists present new data on cancers including colorectal, brain, breast, and ovarian cancer, as well as innovative clinical trials and novel approaches to cancer immunotherapy. The research focuses on mobilizing immunity against ovarian cancer and personalizing cancer treatment strategies.
The LSD1 enzyme suppresses mitochondrial metabolism and slow-muscle genes, promoting glycolysis in fast muscles. Glucocorticoids promote LSD1 degradation, allowing for muscle fiber type differentiation.
Researchers identified RB1 gene mutations as a mechanism underlying acquired resistance to CDK 4/6 inhibitor treatment for HR-positive breast cancer. The study found that these mutations led to loss of RB1 function and consequently resistance to CDK 4/6 inhibitors in patients whose tumors progressed after treatment.
Researchers from Swansea University and Deakin University have discovered vast deep-water seagrass meadows in the Great Chagos Bank of the Western Indian Ocean. The study used satellite tracking to locate these habitats, which are critical for storing carbon and supporting fish populations.
Researchers propose causal chains as an approach to understanding interplay between social and ecological spheres. These chains identify ordered sequences of effects on how a system responds to perturbations, with implications for policy and management.
Research shows that exposure to pesticides and herbicides can impair honey bees' sense of taste and ability to learn, affecting hive efficiency and pollination capabilities. Young worker bees are particularly vulnerable, even if they have not left the hive.
Researchers studied fossilized remains from Morocco and Niger to reconstruct the past's food chains, explaining how large predators coexisted. Calcium isotope analysis showed that carnivores shared resources by subtly hunting different prey types, such as herbivorous dinosaurs or fish.
The Pfizer/ACMG Foundation has awarded Amanda Freed, M.D. and Kim Ng, M.D., a two-year fellowship to pursue clinical research training in biochemical genetics and genomics. The recipients will receive $75,000 per year for their residency training.
Researchers at Swansea University's Energy Safety Research Institute have found a way to convert CO2 into ethylene, the basis of making plastics, at room temperature. This process has the potential to offset global carbon emissions and utilise half a billion tonnes of emitted CO2 annually.
A new bioinformatics tool, CRISPRdisco, has been developed to identify and classify CRISPR-Cas systems in genome assemblies. The software detects CRISPR repeats and accurately assigns class, type, and subtypes, enabling researchers to distinguish between complete and incomplete CRISPR systems.
Researchers found mice engineered with Huntington's disease have excessive mitochondrial iron accumulation, leading to dysfunction and neuronal death. This study identifies a pathway for the neurodegenerative disease and has implications for related disorders like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
A new Tulane University study using optical dating found that the rate of land building from river diversions will be dwarfed by wetland loss. The study suggests positioning diversions in areas with greatest potential for land-building and protecting population centers.
Scientists confirm the 100th meridian as a real divide between population and agriculture on opposite sides. Climate change is pushing this boundary eastward, expanding aridity into the Midwest, with significant implications for farming and land use.
A new study reveals that tidal wetlands and estuaries bury the majority of carbon in coastal waters, with 80% of it being stored. This finding helps establish how coastal waters influence atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and climate.
A new Harvard Medical School study published in The BMJ found that a doctor's political affiliation has no bearing on clinical decisions at the end of life. Despite previous research suggesting personal beliefs influence decisions, this analysis of nearly 1.5 million Medicare beneficiaries reveals no differences in treatment patterns b...
The study highlights how natural disasters can disrupt industries and regions, causing significant economic losses. Intersectoral and interregional linkages contribute to these losses, which can be up to 50-70% of standard estimates for major metropolitan areas.
The ACMG Foundation for Genetic and Genomic Medicine announced four recipients of the 2018 Shire/ACMG Foundation Next Generation Fellowship Awards. These awards provide funding for clinical genetics and genomics residency fellowships as well as medical biochemical genetics specialty fellowships, supporting training in medical genetics.
A new study from University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists describes a method using cloud characteristics to quantify snowfall on the Greenland Ice Sheet. The research found two distinct cloud types producing snow at Summit Station, with mixed-phase clouds accounting for 51% of snow accumulation.
Scientists are creating a comprehensive evolutionary tree of over 10,000 bird species using cutting-edge technologies and public data release. The OpenWings project will provide unparalleled insights into avian diversity and evolution.
A new 'omniphobic' coating repels liquids, including oil and alcohol, while remaining clear and durable. The coating could be used in various industries, including childcare, refrigeration and power generation, to increase efficiency.
Researchers have discovered three new species of chameleons in Madagascar, showcasing the island's extraordinary biodiversity. The newly found Calumma uetzi features vibrant display colors when males interact with females, while a second species, Calumma juliae, is found only in a protected forest fragment under threat from deforestation.
A study by the Solid State Physics Group at São Paulo State University found that certain materials exhibit exotic behaviors, including a
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have discovered a way for plants to 'hedge their bets' by germinating seeds at different times, reducing variability in agriculture. By understanding this process, farmers may be able to increase potential yields and address agronomic challenges.
Researchers from Kazan Federal University and Kazan Quantum Center have developed a multiresonator broadband quantum memory-interface with a record-breaking 16.3% efficiency at room temperature. The innovation has the potential to create universal memory solutions for quantum computers on superconducting qubits.
Scientists have gained insight into how soil bacteria sense oxygen levels, which could help develop new treatments for promoting crop growth and tackling disease. The findings focus on the FixL/FixJ protein system in soybean nodule bacteria, essential for nitrogen supply.
Researchers at Leang Burung 2 rock shelter on Sulawesi island discovered archaic cobble-based cores and flakes indicating human occupation at least 50,000 years ago. The findings provide key insights into early human occupation and cultural evolution in the Indonesian region.
Steelhead trout that spawn multiple times have higher lifetime reproductive success, but at the cost of increased mortality and energy expenditure. The study found that single spawners die after reproduction, while repeat spawners save energy for later migrations.