A new study re-examines a 17th-century Scottish natural history book, revealing insights into the country's pre-industrial environmental change. The research, published in the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science, highlights Scotland's lost wildlife species and its ecosystem's preservation of ancient species.
Researchers have identified the genetic basis of melorheostosis, a rare bone disorder characterized by excess bone formation resembling dripping candle wax. The study found that mutations in the MAP2K1 gene were responsible for the condition, offering potential treatment targets and insights into bone development.
Researchers found that baby fish are deterred by natural sounds in their habitats due to ocean acidification, and instead attracted to 'white noise' from irrelevant habitats. This could lead to smaller population sizes and impacts on commercial fisheries.
New research shows Atlantic Ocean circulation has weakened by 15-20% since the mid-1800s, posing a threat to weather patterns and sea levels. The weakening of the Global Ocean Conveyor Belt could disrupt climate regulation and lead to more rapid sea level rise on the US East Coast.
Biogerontology Research Foundation's Chief Science Officer, Professor Alexander Zhavoronkov, will share his projections on how AI is set to revolutionize biopharma for aging and biomarker discovery. He will reveal the latest progress in AI and drug discovery at Pioneers18 in Vienna.
A study of over 11,000 twins found that children's reading level is highly heritable and determines their reading habits. The research highlights the importance of improving both reading skills and motivation to combat a cycle where children avoid reading due to difficulties.
Scientists have identified the most primitive kangaroo ancestor, Palaeopotorous priscus, which lived around 24 million years ago and was similar to living rat-kangaroos. The discovery sheds light on the evolution of modern kangaroos and their adaptations for hopping gaits.
The animated short film aims to raise public awareness about the challenges of liver failure and liver cirrhosis. The film highlights the DIALIVE technology, a novel liver dialysis device undergoing clinical trials to assess its safety and efficacy.
Two newly discovered subglacial lakes beneath the Devon Ice Cap in the Canadian Arctic are thought to be the first isolated hypersaline lakes in the world. The lakes, containing water four to five times saltier than seawater, exist at temperatures below freezing and have the potential to support microbial life.
Seagrass meadows in Indonesia are under threat due to environmental degradation, with up to 90% of meadows showing extensive damage. Community-led conservation action and replanting initiatives have shown promise in mitigating the problem.
Researchers at NREL have made progress in scaling up perovskite solar cell production, but issues persist, including the non-uniform coating of chemicals and inactive zones between cells. To address these challenges, scientists are exploring various scalable deposition methods.
Scientists warn that human brains may be overlooking signs of extraterrestrial life due to cognitive biases. Researchers conducted an experiment where participants failed to detect artificial structures in images, mirroring the famous gorilla suit test.
Researchers developed a genetic screening tool that identified two key genes, SLC35A1 and CIC, that enable the influenza virus to infect human lung cells. The study found that modifying these genes can make cells resistant to the flu, which could lead to new antiviral drug targets.
Researchers identified epigenetic biomarkers to predict brain tumor recurrence severity, enabling personalized treatment plans. A set of testable DNA-methylation biomarkers may help clinicians assess a patient's disease trajectory.
Researchers at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and Skoltech have discovered a general principle for calculating the superconductivity of hydrides based on the periodic table. High-temperature superconductivity is achieved in substances containing metal atoms that come close to populating a new electronic subshell, resulting ...
A large-scale study finds that women with PCOS are prone to mental health disorders and their children have a greater risk of developing ADHD and autism spectrum disorders. The study suggests that women with PCOS should be screened for mental health disorders to improve their quality of life.
A new study reveals that households in cohesive neighborhoods with less spanking are less likely to be involved in the child welfare system. Researchers analyzed nearly 2,300 families and found that strong social connections protect families from CPS intervention.
A study by Georgia State University researchers found that marriage has a mental health benefit for people with average or lower income levels. Those earning less than $60,000 per year experience fewer symptoms of depression compared to comparable unmarried individuals.
The Ceres partnership aims to drive commercialization of agritech research and innovation through effective sharing of expertise and collaboration with business partners. The initiative is part of Research England's Connecting Capability Fund and secured additional funding commitments of over £15 million.
Houston Methodist is leading an international research effort for spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder. The $6 million, five-year study aims to bring promising investigational therapies to patients with SCA1 and SCA3.
Researchers from Ohio State University have discovered that viral infections can affect nutrient turnover, health, and disease in bacteria commonly found in the environment. The study highlights the importance of understanding these interactions to improve environmental preservation and human health, potentially leading to new ways to ...
Researchers at NIST developed a miniature chip that uses laser light to measure quantities like length with quantum precision. The design packs the atom cloud and structures for guiding light waves into less than 1 square centimeter, achieving a hundredfold increase in measurement precision compared to other devices.
Tropical Cyclone Keni has formed in the South Pacific Ocean, with NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission (GPM) detecting heavy rainfall. The storm is tracking southeastward at 25 knots, expected to weaken and begin extratropical transition by April 11.
Researchers at Caltech have successfully induced natural sensations in a paralyzed man by stimulating his somatosensory cortex with tiny arrays of electrodes. The study could enable people with prosthetic limbs to feel physical feedback from sensors.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that deliver microRNA-29b to lung tumors, potentially improving treatment outcomes. The technology overcomes limitations of traditional delivery methods and demonstrates promising results in mouse models.
Researchers have developed an alternative approach to controlling invasive Chinese privet, achieving great control with much less herbicide than typically used. The study found that a 25% concentration of glyphosate or triclopyr is sufficient for effective control, and timing also plays a crucial role in the process.
New research from Cass Business School finds life expectancy and health outcomes worsen with deprivation, with men more adversely impacted. The study also reveals a widening gap between rich and poor, with top five districts in Northern England being the most deprived.
Researchers have identified seven biomarkers that can predict which glioma patients will progress to a more aggressive form of the disease. A biomarker panel could help physicians decide whether more aggressive treatment is necessary to prevent progression.
Sharon Truesdell, a Biomedical Engineering Ph.D. student at the University of Akron, has been awarded an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to support her research on bone cells and diseases like osteoporosis. The three-year fellowship includes a $34,000 stipend and cost-of-education allowance.
A six-year study by Iowa State University researchers found black doctoral students in STEM fields face structural racism, leading to unfair treatment, isolation and strain. The study highlights the need for diversity in STEM fields to broaden participation and increase representation.
A nationwide study found that Medicare's Annual Wellness Visit has only a minimal effect on early identification of cognitive impairment and subsequent care. The visit did lead to increased use of laboratory tests for thyroid dysfunction and vitamin B deficiency, which may be related to reversible causes of cognitive impairment.
Diabetes impairs autophagy, a protective mechanism that filters blood waste, worsening prognosis and destroying kidneys. Researchers focus on restoring autophagy to find new therapies for acute kidney injury.
Researchers found that physical and mental exercise improves learning ability and reduces disease risk in mice, with the effect being passed on to the next generation through epigenetic inheritance. The study identified two microRNA molecules, miRNA212 and miRNA132, as responsible for this inherited learning capacity.
A modeling study estimates that US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sodium reformulation targets will reduce cardiovascular disease cases, saving lives and costs. The study projects a gain of approximately 1.1 million discounted quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and $19 billion in societal costs.
Researchers at Osaka University found that short trips to developing countries significantly increase the appearance of colistin-resistant bacteria in Japanese travelers. The study tracked 19 participants who traveled for less than 2 weeks and discovered nearly 90% of travel events resulted in resistant strains.
A US task force identified five global best practices for improving community health, including local anchor institutions, shared goals, and simple protocols. These findings hold great potential to improve the health of struggling communities in America.
A nationwide study of 2.8 million people over 36 years found that sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of developing both dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The risk of dementia increased with the number and severity of injuries, even a single mild TBI.
The Journal for STEM Education Research is a subscription-based, open-access journal focusing on students' cognitive and non-cognitive development in STEM education. It explores learning environments and pedagogies to facilitate student learning and development.
A new US health study reveals 'dangerous disparities' among states, with West Virginia, Mississippi, and Alabama having the highest probability of premature death. The study found that substance abuse, suicide, and alcohol-related conditions were key factors driving these disparities.
Crab spiders aid buckler-mustard plants by eliminating plant-eating insects and their larvae. This unexpected alliance benefits the plant, as it increases the production of floral volatile that attracts beneficial spiders.
A new study reveals that only 52 out of 548 infant and toddler foods sold in the US contain single-vegetable products, with dark green vegetables being largely absent. This lack of variety may contribute to low vegetable consumption rates among children.
Researchers at Lund University found that migratory birds have a less variable immune system than sedentary birds, possibly due to the reduced diversity of pathogens in their breeding grounds. This adaptation could provide a survival advantage, as dealing with multiple pathogens is often difficult for birds when they first encounter them.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed a method using deep reinforcement learning to create realistic computer animations. The system, dubbed DeepMimic, can simulate various skills, including acrobatic feats like break dancing and martial arts, and respond naturally to changes in the environment.
A common version of the FGF21 gene is associated with lower total body fat despite increasing carbohydrate intake, according to a new study. The gene variant also redistributes fat to the upper body, where it may cause harm.
A study from Michigan State University reveals the postmortem microbiome provides crucial insights into public health, with consistent patterns regardless of factors like sex or ethnicity. The research also suggests that the microbiome can be used to assess health conditions, such as heart disease, in living populations.
Researchers have discovered a new class of drug that targets treatment-resistant cancers by inhibiting the action of enzyme CDK7. Early lab-based tests showed minimal side effects and successful suppression of tumour growth in various cancer types.
Research analysis found unintended weight loss to be the second-highest risk factor for some forms of cancer. The study of 11.5 million patients revealed significant associations with colorectal, lung, pancreatic, and renal cancers, emphasizing the need for streamlined services to investigate non-specific symptoms like weight loss.
Researchers from Swansea University have conducted the most precise direct measurement of antimatter ever made, revealing the spectral structure of antihydrogen atoms in unprecedented detail. The result surpasses previous measurements by a factor of 100, bringing us closer to testing fundamental symmetries like CPT invariance.
A new 'smart' algorithm is proposed to manage household energy usage, taking into account varying power sources like windmills and solar panels. The goal is to minimize costs while meeting energy demand, with the potential for future optimization through machine learning.
Changes in intestinal bacteria have been linked to metabolic diseases such as diabetes and dyslipidemia. A study found that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis can decrease blood glucose and triglyceride levels, highlighting the potential for targeting intestinal bacteria to prevent or treat these conditions.
A new study published in Psychology Research and Behavior Management found that school-based yoga can help children better manage stress and anxiety. Third-graders who participated in small group yoga/mindfulness activities for eight weeks showed improved psychosocial and emotional quality of life scores compared to their peers who rec...
Engineers at the University of California San Diego developed a miniature biosensor that can be implanted under the skin to track alcohol levels continuously. The chip consumes ultra-low power and is powered wirelessly by a wearable device, making it suitable for long-term monitoring in substance abuse treatment programs.
A new study found that delaying school start times by 45 minutes results in students getting more sleep and feeling better. In Singapore, where students are driven to trade sleep for academic success, the study showed a significant increase in time-in-bed and improvement in mental health, prosocial behavior, and attentiveness.
The High Throughput Experimental Materials (HTEM) Database contains detailed properties and synthesis conditions of inorganic materials, accelerating material science advancement globally. NREL's large-scale database makes it easier for researchers without expensive equipment to explore new materials.
The Midlands Regional Cryo-Electron Microscope (Cryo-EM) Facility brings cutting-edge research technologies to the region. The £6M facility will enable scientists to study bio-molecules in exquisite detail, leading to a better understanding of disease processes and how to address them.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University developed a way to study the brain of a bat as it flies, recording brain activity for the first time in naturally behaving animals. The team observed bursts of activity in midbrain cells as the bat shifted attention, providing insights into how brains process information in real-world situations.
A recent study found significant sex and racial gaps in cardiac rehabilitation referral at hospital discharge, with females and minority groups receiving lower rates. By increasing referrals, long-term mortality could be reduced by up to 40% for women and 25-38% for African-American, Hispanic, and Asian patients
A new study found that branched chain amino acid levels in the blood are as predictive of heart disease as LDL cholesterol. Elevated BCAA levels were linked to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events.
Researchers propose social manufacturing as an innovative solution for the personalized customization era, allowing consumers to participate in the design and production process. This approach can reduce material waste and energy consumption while satisfying both material and spiritual needs.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified a new molecular target, FOXF1, that slows or stops idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in preclinical laboratory tests. The study found that FOXF1 inhibits IPF disease process by regulating genes involved in lung scarring and inflammation.