A recent study of almost 100,000 school children has found that children born to teenage mothers have the highest risk of developmental vulnerabilities at age 5. The risk declines with every additional year of a mother's age up to 30 years before increasing slightly after 35 years and older.
Researchers at UCSB are developing a chip that uses ionic memristor technology to create a physically unclonable device, rendering it vulnerable to cyber attacks. The technology aims to prevent cloning and hijacking of devices in networks, making them ideal for securing IoT devices.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) has released new guidelines for selecting specific categories of devices in endovascular therapy. The guidelines provide device-focused recommendations based on a review of comparative effectiveness data, including safety and efficacy of femoral-popliteal devices.
Research reveals deletion of adipose oxidative stress decreases lipid accumulation in the liver, improving insulin resistance and inducing metabolically healthy obesity. Oxidative stress suppresses lipogenic genes in adipocytes, leading to de novo lipogenesis suppression.
Researchers found temperature, precipitation, humidity, and cloud cover associated with positive or negative expressed sentiments. Positive expressions increased up to 20 degrees Celsius before declining over 30 degrees Celsius, while high humidity and cloud cover were linked to negative expressions.
Sea-level rise and wave-driven flooding will make freshwater resources non-potable, threatening human populations on low-lying atoll islands. The tipping point for unavailability of potable groundwater is projected to be reached by the middle of the 21st century.
A new implantable device could help insulin-producing cells live longer after transplant and improve treatment of type 1 diabetes. The device, developed by MIT researchers, supplies oxygen to transplanted islet cells, allowing them to remain viable for several months and maintain normal blood glucose levels.
A well-preserved horse burial at Tombos has provided new insights into the social significance of equids in the Nile Valley during the Third Intermediate Period. The discovery suggests that horses represented symbols of a larger social, political and economic movement in ancient Nubian culture.
Bayou, developed by Rice University, uses neural sketch learning to recognize patterns in Java code and generate code snippets. This enables developers to get immediate feedback on their queries, making it easier to navigate the numerous APIs.
A recent study found that maternal binge drinking during pregnancy and lactation can impair the mental health of their offspring, leading to mood disturbances and increased vulnerability to alcohol abuse as adolescents. The research suggests that even occasional heavy drinking can have a depressive effect on the mother and pass on chan...
A new 3D printing technique allows for the direct printing of electronics on human skin, with potential applications in military technology and medical treatments for skin disorders. The printer uses computer vision to adjust to small movements of the body during printing and can be used to print temporary sensors or solar cells.
Researchers discovered that mature ependymal cells require continuous Foxj1 production to maintain shape and function, but viruses can shut down this process, leading to hydrocephalus. This study may lead to alternative treatments for the condition.
A study of 704 day surgery patients in Sweden found that those with inadequate health literacy had poorer postoperative recovery and reduced health-related quality of life two weeks after surgery. Identifying patients with low health literacy is crucial to optimize their care and improve outcomes.
A new $1.9 million grant will help researchers discover ways to prevent Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants, a deadly disease affecting thousands annually. The study aims to create the first predictive test for NEC using fecal bile acid levels and intestinal microbiome analysis.
According to Philip Cook's analysis, gun thefts represent only about one percent of all gun transactions in the US. In Chicago, only a tiny proportion of crime guns were ever reported stolen to the Police Department.
A new natural gas catalyst aims to reduce methane emissions from vehicle exhaust, a potent greenhouse gas. The US Department of Energy-funded project will develop and optimize a lower-cost, more efficient catalyst to eliminate unreacted methane, making natural gas a cleaner-burning fuel option.
The study demonstrates the efficacy of a single dose of NDV-3A in reducing recurrences of vaginitis in patients with RVVC, with younger patients showing higher efficacy rates. The vaccine also generates rapid and robust immune responses.
A Brazilian research team has developed a novel technique to produce high-performance silver nanoparticles with 32 times the bactericidal capacity of existing materials. The new method uses pulsed laser irradiation and reduces production costs, making it economically feasible for large-scale applications.
Medical College of Georgia scientists found that drinking baking soda encourages the spleen to promote an anti-inflammatory environment, reducing destructive inflammation in autoimmune diseases. This shift was observed in rats and healthy people, with a reduction in pro-inflammatory cells and an increase in anti-inflammatory macrophages.
Eight out of ten transformative medicines in the US between 1985 and 2009 originated from fundamental discoveries, with an average time to approval of 30 years. Curiosity-driven science is essential for discovering new medicines.
A study found that media coverage on cancer rarely addresses the importance of age as a risk factor, resulting in under-representation of older adults. This can lead to a lack of awareness, delayed detection, and poorer outcomes for this population.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology have developed the world's smallest wireless optical biodevice, measuring just 1 mm³ and 2.3 mg in volume and weight. The device converts infrared light into blue light to control neural activity, offering a promising solution for optogenetics applications.
Researchers found that changing water temperature and algal blooms affected sea urchin populations, leading to abnormal development of their larvae. The study provides valuable insights into the importance of long-term monitoring for detecting ecological changes and understanding their causes.
Researchers found that regular mid-day naps improve neurocognitive function and daytime attention in adolescents. The ideal nap duration is between 30-60 minutes, and routine napping is associated with better nighttime sleep quality.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory found that nuclear power plants can adjust to changing demand for power, enabling the use of more renewable energy. This flexibility can lower electricity costs for consumers and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus has received a $46.5 million NIH grant to enhance its translational science workforce and research environment. The grant will support the development of novel methodologies and resources to tackle rare diseases, improve health screenings in underserved communities, and reduce mortalit...
Researchers traced Twitter tweets using the word 'shithole' to identify who engages in stigmatizing discourse and how places are stereotyped. The study found that men and women experience living in a place differently, with 38% of tweets maligning their own hometown.
Researchers created a tiny electro-optic modulator that translates electrical signals into light at speeds 10s of times faster than current technologies. The device uses plasmonics and has the potential to integrate photonics and electronics on a single chip, revolutionizing information technology.
Researchers simulated conditions inside a planet three times larger than Earth using high-powered laser beams. The study revealed that the crystal structure of iron-silicon alloys changes with higher silicon content under extreme pressures, providing new insights into the nature of super-Earths and their cores.
Advances in genetic testing have improved insights for parents of children with epileptic encephalopathy (EE), a rare and serious form of epilepsy. The study found that 10% of parents have mosaicism, which may also apply to other disorders like autism and intellectual disability.
Researchers developed a new method for early and accurate breast cancer screening using electronic nose gas sensors and GC-MS analysis, achieving 95% average accuracy in detecting breast cancer biomarkers from breath samples. Urine samples also yielded 85% average accuracy with this technology.
A survey found that over 40% of people in England believe stress, food additives, and electromagnetic frequencies cause cancer despite a lack of scientific evidence. Those with better knowledge of proven cancer causes were more likely to make healthier lifestyle choices.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that a Mediterranean-type diet enhances the good bacteria living in the gut, increasing diversity by up to 7% compared to a Western diet. The study used an animal model and analyzed fecal samples to confirm these findings.
The James Webb Space Telescope has the potential to observe the first stars in the universe, which formed about 200-400 million years after the Big Bang. The telescope can capture light from single stars with a massive amount of gravitational lensing, amplifying it up to 10,000 times.
Researchers discovered that bacteria and fungus working together make biofilm on teeth more pathogenic and difficult to remove. A combination of fluconazole and povidone iodide effectively treats the biofilm by disrupting the protective matrix produced by bacteria.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions has updated its consensus guidelines to allow for flexibility in length of stay after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), prioritizing patient-centered care. The new guidelines assess readiness for discharge along three lines: procedural, patient, and programmatic factors.
A study found that changes in brain networks can predict psychosis in high-risk patients. Cortical folding was analyzed to identify potential biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.
Researchers found a significant link between exposure to blue light at night and higher risks of developing breast and prostate cancer. The study used images taken by astronauts to evaluate outdoor lighting in Madrid and Barcelona.
A University of Cincinnati geology student, Andrew Gangidine, is developing a marker for ancient bacterial life on Mars to aid NASA's search. He's studying microbial life in silica hot springs at Yellowstone National Park to create a useful indicator of life on the red planet.
A study by University of Turku researchers found that retirement transition leads to a significant increase in sitting during free time, averaging six hours per day. This increase was especially noted among women and individuals with pre-existing health conditions.
A study led by UC San Francisco found that treating young children with azithromycin significantly reduced child mortality rates in Sub-Saharan Africa. The intervention resulted in a 13.5% lower overall child mortality rate compared to placebo-treated communities.
Researchers at University of Southern Denmark found that flooding coastal land can create well-functioning marine ecosystems, attracting visitors and wildlife. The Gyldensteen Coastal Lagoon, a 214-hectare area in Denmark, has shown promise as a carbon sink and is developing into a diverse ecosystem.
Research found that aquatic plants contribute significantly to long-chain n-alkanes in lake sediments, particularly in closed lakes. The study used hydrogen isotope composition to distinguish between terrestrial and aquatic sources, providing new insights into reconstructing ancient lake dynamics.
A team of researchers has created a mouse model exhibiting diabetic retinopathy symptoms, paving the way for future translational research studies. The study also reveals that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the development of diabetic retinopathy.
A team of international scientists has created a new form of highly-efficient, low-cost insulation based on the wings of a dragonfly. The material is ultralight and porous, with a piece weighing less than a kilogram, and can be replicated at an affordable cost.
Researchers found that sunlight has a significant impact on oil clean-up efforts, decreasing dispersant effectiveness by four-fold. The study's findings suggest that photochemical oxidation, triggered by sunlight, is a dominant weathering process that should be considered in future field manuals and oil spill response guides.
Purdue researchers design a compact switch that enables reliable confinement of light to small computer chip components, bypassing unwanted absorption of photons using surface plasmons. The development paves the way for hybrid photonic and electronic nanocircuitry, potentially leading to faster information processing in supercomputers.
Researchers embedded graphene in a photonic crystal to enhance its light-absorbing capabilities. By varying the external temperature, they can tune the material's optical characteristics, leading to potential applications in light sensors and ultra-fast lasers.
A National Institutes of Health (NIH) study has found no evidence of transmissibility of chronic wasting disease in cynomolgus macaque monkeys. The research, published in the Journal of Virology, involved exposing 14 macaques to brain matter from CWD-infected deer and elk over a period of up to 13 years.
Research from UCLA and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that surgeries performed by older surgeons (age 50 and up) have lower patient mortality rates than those performed by younger surgeons. The study also showed that female surgeons in their 50s had the lowest patient mortality rate, regardless of age group or gender.
DNA analysis of ancient latrines reveals past diets, animal domestication, and hunting practices in Northern Europe and the Middle East from 500 B.C. to 1700 A.D., with parasite eggs reflecting raw or undercooked fish and pork consumption.
Researchers found inducing labor at 39 weeks reduced C-section rates by 22 percentage points compared to waiting until after 41 weeks. This study used a rigorous mathematical model of 100,000 patients to simulate patient outcomes, revealing fewer maternal complications and stillbirths.
Researchers use rabies virus machinery to deliver deferoxamine, a metal-grabbing compound, directly to brain cells, reducing iron buildup and reversing disease symptoms. The therapeutic agent is composed of nanoparticles stuffed with deferoxamine and is already approved for use in the clinic.
A study published in Ecosphere found that native birds can successfully nest in non-native plants in altered ecosystems, challenging traditional views on habitat restoration. The research suggests that controlling non-native plants may not yield benefits for all nesting bird species.
A new study based on the TV series First Dates found that singles wear more black than red on first dates. Black was associated with increased attractiveness and perceived fashion sense, while red was linked to increased sexual receptivity.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a method to produce conjugated polymers using a dehydration reaction, resulting in cheap and environmentally friendly plastics. This breakthrough aims to streamline production and bring affordable electronics to market.
Researchers used laser ablation and plasma mass spectrometry to analyze ancient gold items from the Carambolo treasure, discovering a local gold deposit within 2 km of the site. This breakthrough provides new insights into the origin of the metal and its possible connections to ancient trade routes.
Scientists at NIST and partners developed a miniaturized device that generates precise frequencies of light, tracing back to an international measurement standard. The breakthrough reduces the size of optical frequency synthesizers from tabletop instruments to three silicon chips.
Research by Maria A. Blasco and colleagues reveals TERRAs interact with the Polycomb complex to assemble telomeric heterochromatin. In cells deficient for TERRA, telomeres show decreased heterochromatic marks, indicating a crucial role in telomere protection and maintenance.
A systematic review found that consuming protein supplements with meals was associated with greater reductions in fat mass and improvements in lean to fat mass ratio compared to consuming them between meals. This strategy may be beneficial for adults looking to improve their health status through resistance training.