A group of international researchers calls for a comprehensive transformation of food systems to meet the Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement on climate. The proposed four-pillar strategy prioritizes nutritious food access, sustainable agriculture, climate change mitigation, and rural renaissance.
Researchers at MIT found that stimulating the caudate nucleus, a brain region linked to emotional decision-making, induces animals to make more negative decisions. The study suggests that this type of pessimistic thinking could influence approach-avoidance decision-making and may be related to depression and anxiety.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that individuals with six or more basal cell carcinomas over a 10-year period are three times more likely to develop other, unrelated cancers. The study suggests that mutations in DNA-damage-repair proteins may be linked to increased cancer susceptibility.
Researchers found that a high-carb diet, particularly with high sugar and low fiber content, increased signs of joint inflammation and altered cartilage genes in laboratory mice. The study suggests that dietary carbohydrates may be a contributing factor to osteoarthritis risk, even in the absence of obesity.
A St. Jude Children's Research Hospital study found that over half of pediatric central nervous system tumor survivors do not achieve complete independence as adults. Cognitive impairment and physical performance limitations are strong predictors of non-independence.
A new computational approach has identified genes that may enable microbes to colonize the human gut and survive in its harsh environment. The researchers found thousands of genes across different species that are prevalent in the gut, including those specific to this environment.
A new study by researchers at the University at Buffalo School of Management found that men are still more likely than women to emerge as leaders, despite a narrowing of the gender gap in recent decades. The study attributed this persistence to societal pressures and unconscious biases against communal traits.
Researchers have discovered a signal pathway within cells that could stop degeneration and improve learning and memory in affected patients. The study also invented a potential drug to target tauopathies, a class of diseases caused by misfolding of the tau protein.
A new study from the University of Miami Business School and the University of Western Australia found that discriminating against workers with tattoos puts hiring managers at a disadvantage. The study surveyed over 2,000 subjects and found that visible tattoos are not linked to individual employment, wages, or earnings discrimination.
A new video game designed to train empathy in middle schoolers showed improved connectivity in brain networks related to empathy and perspective-taking. The game, 'Crystals of Kaydor,' was developed by University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers and found to enhance emotional regulation skills.
A new study reveals that older adults who initiate hemodialysis for kidney failure are at a higher risk of being diagnosed with dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The study found that age, Black race, female sex, and institutionalization were the strongest risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
A team of scientists found that coral-algal partnerships have endured climate change events since the time of dinosaurs, approximately 160 million years ago. The research suggests that modern corals and their algal partners may survive modern-day global warming due to their long history of adaptability.
A study of over 350,000 patients found elderly kidney disease patients on dialysis have a substantially higher risk of dementia than healthy community-dwelling older adults. The study calls for more monitoring and prevention measures to address this pressing issue.
A new study suggests that cancer treatment should be viewed as a game where physicians can exploit their knowledge of the cancer's evolutionary dynamics to develop flexible strategic treatment plans. By continuously adjusting drugs and doses, physicians can delay or prevent cancer progression caused by resistance.
A study published in Nature Communications provides new insight into the regulation of brain cell signaling, which may lead to better treatments for epilepsy and related disorders. By quantifying the interaction between two key proteins, researchers have identified a specific pattern that can be influenced to control brain activity.
A new study from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston found that wearing a physician's white coat does not affect patient satisfaction or communication. Researchers discovered that patients were often unable to remember if their physicians were wearing white coats, with 40% reporting they couldn't recall.
Research by Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that frequent binge drinkers had higher blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar at a younger age. Young men who binge drink have higher systolic blood pressure, while young women have higher blood sugar levels compared to non-binge drinkers.
A new cancer therapy using nanoparticles could deliver a double blow to cancer by making breast and prostate tumours more sensitive to chemotherapy, reducing toxicity risks. The therapy combines two approved drugs, docetaxel and fingolimod, targeting cancer cells with reduced side effects.
Research suggests that psychedelic drugs can help treat disorders such as social anxiety, depression, and PTSD when used in combination with psychotherapy. Studies have shown promising results for MDMA, psilocybin, and ayahuasca in reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and disordered eating.
A novel laboratory-synthesized molecule based on natural compounds found in marine gliding bacteria is capable of killing even the strain that resists conventional antimalarials. In tests, it displays low toxicity and high selectivity, acting only on the parasite and not on other cells of the host organism.
A new study published in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence found that most teenagers do have behavioral brakes, contradicting the long-held idea that adolescence is a time of impulsive behavior. The research suggests that only children with weak cognitive control are at risk for trouble in adulthood.
A University of Manchester PhD student has developed a flexible heat shield that utilizes centrifugal forces to stiffen lightweight materials, reducing the need for heavy machinery and enabling low-cost scientific research and recovery of rocket parts. The prototype's design uses aerodynamic drag to slow down during atmospheric entry, ...
Researchers found two polar strategies among organizations - generic and smart - with smart firms boosting development in all areas. Companies with above-average intellectual resources outperform those in the generics category regarding productivity and economic value added.
Researchers discover that autistic disorders are caused by poor maturation of synapses in the reward system, leading to impaired social communication. This finding has significant implications for understanding and treating autism spectrum disorders.
A recent survey conducted by the Center for Health, Work & Environment found that 13% of veterinarians in Colorado had seen a client intentionally injure or abuse an animal to obtain prescription painkillers. The study's results highlight the need for better training and surveillance to address opioid misuse among pet owners.
Researchers found that cells undergo self-destruction via trigger waves that travel at a constant speed of nearly 30 micrometers per minute. This process enables large distances to be covered without losing strength or speed, challenging previous assumptions about cell death propagation.
A team of researchers has successfully sequenced the genomes of 25 ancient individuals from Southeast Asia, revealing six distinct population groups. The findings suggest that prehistoric populations in the region had higher genetic affinities with present-day Japanese and were influenced by language-speaking groups such as Austronesians.
Recent MRI studies have revealed various neural manifestations of depression, including abnormal brain activities and white matter damage. These findings suggest that MRI biomarkers may be useful for early diagnosis and treatment outcome evaluation.
Researchers found that lichen communities in severely burned areas showed significantly lower abundance and diversity, even 16 years after the fire. The loss of tree canopy and hot, dry microclimate left in the forest post-fire hindered lichen growth, suggesting that recolonization may not occur until mature trees regrow.
The myfood24 online diet monitoring tool has been shown to be as effective as traditional methods in providing detailed nutrient data. The study compared its performance with a gold standard measure, finding it to be comparable across various measures.
Parker Solar Probe, launched in August 2018, will study the solar corona's temperature and wind sources with French-developed instruments. The probe will complete 25 orbits near the Sun, reaching speeds of up to 700,000 km/h.
A study on Tempe, Arizona's body-worn camera program found that adhering to federal guidelines increased acceptance among police, citizens, and stakeholders. The research suggests that departments should follow the guidelines for successful implementation.
Tropical Storm Shanshan was observed in infrared light by NASA's Terra satellite, revealing cold cloud top temperatures and limited precipitation in the northern and eastern quadrants. The storm is forecast to weaken rapidly due to increasing vertical wind shear and decreasing sea surface temperatures.
A new study of over 90,000 people in 18 countries found that sodium consumption is not associated with increased health risks for most communities, except those with very high salt intake above 5g/day. Communities with high average levels of sodium intake were mostly seen in China.
New technology enhances CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing efficiency in mosquitoes, allowing for easier manipulation of gene expression in a wide range of species. This breakthrough enables control of vector-borne diseases, elimination of agricultural insect pests, and potentially gene therapy for human and animal health.
A biochemical reconstitution approach demonstrated that multivalent interaction networks formed by major PSD scaffold proteins lead to formation of PSD-like assemblies via phase separation. These assemblies can cluster receptors, concentrate enzymes, and promote actin bundle formation.
A letter from a medical examiner to a physician about a recent fatal overdose can inspire safer prescribing habits, a new study suggests. The research found that physicians who received such letters prescribed 9.7% fewer opioids over three months.
Researchers identified specific gene activity in each cell, revealing that Wilms' tumour cells have the same characteristics as normal developing kidney cells. Adult renal carcinoma cells were found to be a version of rare healthy adult kidney cells called PT1.
Song Jiang is working on a three-year grant to improve cache efficiency in software, allowing for faster data access and large memory usage. He aims to develop prototypes that can combine or skip steps to access data automatically without slowing CPU speeds.
Researchers have developed a model explaining electron interactions past the Coulomb threshold in all Dirac materials, enabling better understanding of long-range interactions and potential breakthroughs in low heat dissipation devices. This discovery could lead to faster processor performance with reduced power leakage.
Ben-Gurion University researchers warn of potential cyberattacks on urban water services using smart irrigation systems. A botnet of compromised devices can turn off watering systems at will, posing a risk to critical infrastructure.
A recent study surveyed university counseling centers about student requests for letters to allow emotional support animals, finding that most schools struggle with handling such requests. The research also explores the role of courthouse dogs in providing emotional support to witnesses, but raises concerns about their impact on trials.
Researchers found that plant's daily oscillatory clock interacts with the aging linear clock during their lifetime, influencing leaf yellowing timing. The study identified key genes, such as PRR9, involved in this interaction.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London and University of Cambridge developed auxetic materials with smooth curves, enabling repeated deformations without damage. These materials can be used in energy-efficient gripping tools, re-configurable shape-on-demand materials, and lattices with unique thermal expansion behaviour.
Researchers found a new approach to stop Ebola virus by disabling its infection machinery and boosting the immune system. Nine antibodies that protect mice without neutralizing in test tubes were identified, offering hope for therapeutic cocktails.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has awarded Binghamton University a five-year $30 million grant to develop standards for regenerative medicine and biomaterial manufacturing. The grant will enable students, postdoctoral fellows, and faculty to collaborate with NIST and other universities to advance the field.
A large cohort study found CLL patients have a 600% higher risk of melanoma compared to the general population. Close monitoring for early detection is crucial in managing this skin cancer with targeted therapies.
Dual-eligible beneficiaries experience high rates of chronic illness and have lower average annual spending growth compared to other Medicare beneficiaries, especially in younger age groups.
A new NIH-funded study will investigate the role of exosomes in keloid development, with researchers hoping to identify novel therapies for this common skin condition. The study aims to improve our understanding of keloid pathogenesis and potentially develop more effective treatments.
Research found that bigger eggs are advantageous in rainy weather, while smaller eggs are better suited for hot temperatures. House sparrows compensate for variable egg sizes by laying varying egg sizes within the same clutch.
A diverse diet may actually lead to consuming more calories and increasing the risk of weight gain. Instead, experts recommend prioritizing a balanced eating pattern that emphasizes whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
Researchers develop a method to continuously record cells' development using genetic barcodes, allowing them to trace the full developmental lineage of every mature cell. This breakthrough resolves longstanding questions about brain patterning and promises to exponentially increase understanding of cellular growth and disease emergence.
Researchers demonstrate that a single transplantation of iPSC-derived macrophages into the lungs of mice with herPAP can effectively treat this life-threatening disease. The transplanted macrophages adapt and differentiate to function efficiently, providing long-term therapeutic benefits.
Dr. Silvana Costa receives a National MS Society grant to investigate the effect of visual, cognitive, and motor deficits on information processing speed in individuals with multiple sclerosis. The four-year study will utilize neuropsychological evaluations and eye-tracking technology.
Kenneth Tyler's review article in the New England Journal of Medicine highlights the need for improved diagnosis and treatment of acute viral encephalitis. The condition, which affects about seven patients per 100,000 population annually, imposes a heavy economic burden on healthcare systems.
Researchers at Syracuse University use nitrogen isotopic composition of sediments to understand changes in marine conditions during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, a brief period of rapid global warming approximately 56 million years ago. The study provides a benchmark for present and future climate and ocean models.
A material called graphene nano-ribbons has different electronic properties depending on its shape and width, allowing for the creation of tailor-made semiconductors, metals or insulators. The ribbons form a chain of interlinked quantum states with adjustable electronic structure.
Increasing control and physical activity may be the secret to staying young for older adults. Research suggests that a younger subjective age is associated with better memory performance, health, and longevity. A study found that participants who reported feeling more in control on days with higher step counts felt younger.
A large-scale patient population study reveals that palliative care is associated with a significantly reduced risk of suicide in veterans diagnosed with advanced stage lung cancer. The findings show that patients who received at least one palliative care visit had an 81% lower rate of suicidal death.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago discovered that a mutation in the NPM1 gene helps improve sensitivity to chemotherapy in patients. The study found that patients with this mutation tend to respond better to chemotherapy and have higher rates of remission.