Researchers found that thalidomide acts by promoting the degradation of transcription factors, including SALL4, leading to limb and fetal growth complications. The study's findings will help guide development of new anticancer drugs with a similar scaffold.
A new procedure has been developed to quickly diagnose drinking by the liter, a condition that can be caused by rare hormone disorders like diabetes insipidus. The test, which measures biomarkers in blood, has a high diagnostic accuracy and can treat patients with primary polydipsia through behavioral therapy.
Researchers found that a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may help protect failing hearts in children and young adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Preliminary studies suggest that supplementing BDNF signaling could be a new way to treat heart complications in this disease.
A child-like android named 'ibuki' was developed to facilitate human-robot interaction. The robot's conversation control system allows it to regulate speech, motion, gaze, and emotion based on its intention, increasing perceived human-likeness. This technology enables more natural conversations and social interactions.
Researchers from Lomonosov MSU and international partners demonstrate a strong light-matter interaction in suspensions and self-assembled films of tungsten disulfide nanotubes. This allows consideration of WS2 nanotubes as a platform for developing new concepts in nanotube-based photonic devices.
Researchers at MIT have designed an optical filter on a chip that can process optical signals from across an extremely wide spectrum of light. The technology offers greater precision and flexibility for designing photonic devices, studying photons, and other applications.
Researchers have found a possible active substance against the hepatitis E virus in naturally occurring silvestrol, which inhibits pathogen replication in cell cultures and mice. Silvestrol is formed by mahogany plants and has been shown to be effective against the virus in both lab tests and animal models.
A new international collaborative research study has found that a four-month daily regimen of antibiotic rifampicin is as effective as a nine-month daily regimen of another antibiotic, isoniazid, in preventing people with latent tuberculosis infection from developing the full-blown disease. The study, published in the New England Journ...
Researchers found that nine-month-old children who heard baby talk words such as 'bunny' and 'choo-choo' more frequently grasped new words faster between 9-21 months. This suggests that specific types of baby talk words, like those ending in 'y', can facilitate vocabulary development.
Dr. Frank Schröder will search for high-energy photons accompanying cosmic rays using a novel radio measurement technique. He aims to find the highest-energy photons ever measured at an Antarctic location.
Scientists created a placenta-on-a-chip to study how bacterial infections trigger preterm birth. The device mimics the placental barrier's response to infection, potentially leading to new treatments for this condition.
Researchers found that people with the rare disease have genetic mutations in CIB1, EVER1, or EVER2, which compromises their immune response to ß-HPVs. The study revealed that ß-HPVs can replicate and cause skin lesions and cancer when this defense mechanism is disrupted.
Alessio Figalli, a mathematician at ETH Zurich, has been awarded the Fields Medal for solving the Monge-Ampere equation, a famous partial differential equation with applications in urban planning, imaging, and meteorology. He has also made significant contributions to optimal transport and its connections to probability.
The University of Texas at Arlington's TMAC has been awarded $6.6 million to help small and mid-sized manufacturing firms develop or improve products, processes, and human capital. Over the last decade, TMAC has served over 2,100 customers, saving them more than $1.2 billion in costs and retaining or generating over 35,000 jobs.
A policy statement by the American Psychological Association highlights the negative effects of deportation on families, children, and entire communities. Research reveals increased anxiety, trauma, and depression among affected individuals, as well as housing instability, academic withdrawal, and family dissolution.
Researchers developed a molecular probe to detect cancer stem cells in their native environment. The AlDeSense probe illuminates these cells, allowing them to be identified, tracked, and studied in live mice.
A new study finds that long term abstinence from alcohol and heavy drinking are associated with an increased risk of dementia. The researchers found that every 7 unit a week increase in consumption was associated with a 17% increase in dementia risk among those drinking above 14 units a week.
A study by Adam Bonica and Maya Sen reveals that American courts become politicized due to strategic judicial selection. The researchers found that higher courts are more conservative and polarized, deviating from the broader legal profession's liberal ideology.
A single-payer health care plan in New York could expand coverage for all residents without increasing overall spending, according to a RAND Corporation analysis. The plan would require substantial new tax revenue and shift financing among households and businesses, with the highest-income households paying substantially more.
A recent study suggests that rising temperatures are causing soil microbes to convert more carbon into carbon dioxide, entering the atmosphere at an increasing rate. This phenomenon is outpacing plant photosynthesis and has significant implications for the planet's carbon cycle.
A study by UCSB researchers reveals that wealthy countries' industrial fishing fleets dominate the global oceans, with China, Taiwan, and Japan leading the list. This dominance has significant implications for food security and access to healthy food sources, particularly in less-wealthy countries.
A $2 million NIH grant will support research on how herpesviruses contribute to periodontitis and explore the potential of viral microRNAs as biomarkers for oral inflammation. The study aims to identify microRNAs that change in inflamed tissues and understand their impact on host immune cell functions.
A randomized controlled trial found that peer comparison letters targeting high Seroquel-prescribing doctors reduced quetiapine prescribing by 11% over 9 months and 16% over 2 years. The letters had no negative effects on patients, and similar messages could address over-prescribing of other drugs.
Researchers found a significant link between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the risk of having an autistic child. Women with PCOS were 2.3% more likely to have an autistic child, compared to those without PCOS.
The BioBits kits allow students to learn about key biological concepts through experiments with DNA and produce glowing proteins or scents. The kits contain freeze-dried cellular components, making them inexpensive and accessible.
A team of engineers, marine biologists, and roboticists developed soft gripper devices that allow scientists to gently collect delicate organisms from the deep sea. The devices were able to collect sea slugs, corals, sponges, and other marine life with less damage than traditional tools.
A new study reveals that hospital-associated bacterial species Enterococcus faecium is adapting to alcohols used in handwash disinfectants, increasing treatment resistance. The analysis of 19-year-old bacterial samples from two Australian hospitals suggests several mutations confer increased alcohol resistance.
Regular sauna baths are associated with a reduced risk of vascular diseases, such as high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, and mental health disorders. Sauna bathing also alleviates conditions like skin diseases, arthritis, headache, and flu.
Researchers found that personalist rule in dictatorships receives significantly more foreign investment in fixed-asset intensive industries. Deals with dictators often involve illicit payments, which can siphon off money from the public good.
The article reveals how Japanese companies have mastered the production of high-quality synthetic suede for luxury cars, offering advantages over natural leather and suede. The development of this material has led to a boom in business for manufacturers, with increased demand prompting expansions and ramped-up production.
Boston Medical Center's Vital Village Network has selected ten local communities to form the Networks of Opportunity for Child Wellbeing Learning Community to address barriers and develop innovative community partnerships aimed at improving the early childhood experience. The initiative will support these communities in building a robu...
The global age-standardized lung cancer mortality rate among women is expected to rise by 43% from 2015 to 2030, while breast cancer mortality rates are projected to decrease by 9%. Lung cancer mortality rates will be highest in Europe and Oceania, with lower rates in America and Asia.
The first global survey of soil genomics found a constant competition between bacteria and fungi for nutrients, leading to the production of antibiotics. The study's results have implications for predicting the impact of climate change on soil and improving agricultural practices.
A new microscopy technique allows researchers to visualize liquids at the nanoscale level, revealing unique properties of water and heavy water. The technique uses a specialized sample holder to trap tiny amounts of liquid, enabling high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy techniques.
Researchers found that nearly 25% of monsoon rainfall percolates into groundwater systems, recharging aquifers near their point of origin. The study used field instrumentation and hydrological modeling to demonstrate the importance of small stream beds in this process.
Researchers aim to safeguard fetal brain health in pregnancies complicated by CHD by identifying vulnerable regions and correlating with infant development. Early findings suggest impaired fetal brain growth and metabolism, highlighting the need for interventions during the prenatal period.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health successfully guided the regrowth of missing bone in lab animals using chemically coated ceramic implants. The implants, made from beta tricalcium phosphate and dipyridamole, were naturally absorbed by the test animals' bodies as new bone gradually replaced the devices.
Scientists have discovered an ice-binding protein that attaches to both basal and prism faces of ice crystals, affecting their growth and defying conventional classification. This finding could lead to a broader application of antifreeze proteins in food and medical industries.
A post hoc analysis of the exenatide-PD trial results showed that patients on exenatide treatment experienced improvements in severity of depression, independent of motor function improvement. Additionally, self-reported apathy and cognition also improved with exenatide.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory used computer simulations to accurately predict HIV transmission patterns and track the disease's spread. The study found that genetic signatures can be used to determine the origin and time frame of an infection, allowing for targeted prevention campaigns.
Drexel University researchers have developed a new type of container that can deliver medicine to the bloodstream for extended periods. The 'crystalsome' nanoparticle lasts up to 96 hours in the bloodstream, surpassing current injectable medication with improved stability and reduced side effects.
A study by the University at Buffalo found that nearly 92% of caregivers with dementia experience poor sleep quality, waking up frequently and sleeping less than six hours per night. This can lead to depression, weight gain, heart disease, and premature death.
Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is crucial for slowing chronic kidney disease progression and reducing healthcare costs. Despite its importance, only 10% of non-dialysis kidney patients receive MNT, which includes individualized nutrition assessment and personalized dietary education.
A team of researchers has identified a new type of pulmonary ionocyte, which is the site of cystic fibrosis-causing CFTR gene activity. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches by increasing CFTR activity in affected cells.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that 65% of adult childhood cancer survivors reported financial challenges, including reduced health-related quality of life and increased risk of depression and suicidal thoughts. The researchers recommend routine screening for financial hardship to address these issues.
Assistant Professor Madhab Neupane has discovered a new material with multiple quantum properties, which could become the foundation for quantum computers and long-lasting memory devices. The discovery is expected to increase computing power and reduce energy consumption for electronics.
BioBits kits use freeze-dried cell-free reactions to enable simple, hands-on biological experiments without specialized lab equipment. The kits introduce molecular and synthetic biology concepts, inspiring students to consider STEM careers.
A study found that children of mothers with epilepsy who took folic acid supplements had lower rates of language delays compared to those who did not take supplements. The study suggests that folic acid may be beneficial in preventing language delays for babies born to mothers with epilepsy.
Researchers have identified a pheromone, a fatty acid derivative, that guides larval and adult sea lampreys to spawning grounds. The discovery holds potential for disrupting adult sea lampreys' reproduction, offering a new approach to controlling the invasive species.
Jackson Laboratory Assistant Professor Mingyang Lu has developed a computational approach called RACIPE to capture genetic events in cellular decision-making. The algorithm could have broad impact on basic research and designing new therapeutic interventions in genomic medicine.
Researchers discovered that blue diamonds form at least as deep as the transition zone between the upper and lower mantle. The boron element was incorporated into water-rich minerals like serpentine during geochemical reactions between seawater and oceanic plate rocks, traveling far deeper into the mantle than previously thought.
A study found that blind people need additional timing cues to accurately judge sound locations, unlike sighted individuals. Blind participants performed better with proportional delays, while uniform delays impaired their judgement.
A new study by Rice University researchers found that Muslim and Protestant scientists are more likely to experience religious discrimination in the US. Researchers also discovered that religious identity can fuel perceptions of discrimination among certain groups, particularly biologists.
Research finds 73% of tree species have shifted westward, largely associated with changes in moisture availability. Climate change impacts are more near-term and related to moisture availability than temperature changes.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have uncovered the means by which pediatric kidney cancer continues to grow, providing potential targets for more effective treatments. Impairment of miRNA function drives Wilms tumor formation through increased IGF2 production.
Researchers found that obese women had a thicker left ventricle, lower E/A ratio, and higher systolic blood pressure compared to normal or overweight women. These changes may explain their predisposition to preeclampsia and cardiovascular complications during pregnancy.
Research from Australian National University found people with psychopathic traits have difficulty distinguishing real from fake emotional expressions, particularly in expressing distress. This impairment leads to reduced motivation to assist those experiencing genuine emotional pain.
Peter Scholze's discovery of perfectoid spaces has fundamentally expanded the range of methods used at the intersection of number theory and geometry. This award is a milestone in the long tradition of mathematics in Bonn, one of the biggest centers for mathematical teaching and research in Germany and worldwide.
A study of firefighters reveals how groups take leaps of faith through supporting and sustaining dynamics. This study breaks new ground in understanding trust-related judgments, shedding light on the role of knowledge and faith in building trust.
A recent study published in Science suggests that global warming can alter ocean chemistry, threatening the future of many fish species. The researchers found that increased CO2 levels can lead to oxygen loss in oceans, allowing sulfate-eating bacteria to thrive and producing hydrogen sulfide, a broad-spectrum toxin.