Warmer UK winters may delay blackcurrant growing seasons, leading to reduced yields and poorer fruit quality. Researchers found that different varieties respond differently to climate change, but breeding new resilient ones is key.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology developed a new polariton laser that emits light in all directions, using deliberately imperfect silver nanostripes. The discovery has vast potential applications, including microscopy lighting, LIDAR technology, and general illumination.
The study combines synfire communication, coherence and resonance to provide insight into how messages are exchanged between brain areas. The researchers found that oscillations play a significant role in determining whether communication can take place.
Researchers have discovered a potential treatment for chronic epilepsy using human induced pluripotent stem cells. The study found that grafting these cells into the hippocampus can alleviate symptoms of chronic epilepsy, including reduced seizure frequency and improved cognitive function.
Researchers found that malnutrition in children with Crohn's disease significantly increases the risk of surgical complications and poor outcomes. Children with moderate or severe malnutrition have a higher rate of complications, reoperations, and longer hospital stays compared to non-malnourished patients.
A systematic review of interventional studies found that food labels can lead to changes in consumer behavior, including reduced calorie and fat intake, but not significant impacts on other nutrients. Industry responses also showed reductions in trans fat and sodium, but no effects on added sugar or other healthy components.
A large population study in sub-Saharan Africa discovered three new strains of hepatitis C, which may not be effective against current antiviral drugs. The findings highlight the need for further research and clinical trials to inform optimal treatment strategies and vaccine development.
Columbia University researchers used voxel printing to create digital wood, a complex material for 3D printing. The technique allows for the creation of objects with internal grains and external color textures. Digital wood has potential applications in various fields, including architecture and product design.
Scientists have successfully created a holographic acoustic tweezers system that can trap and manipulate particles in three dimensions. This technology has potential applications in small-scale assembly and the creation of 3D displays with levitating voxels.
Research from the University of Technology Sydney and Duke University found that consumers significantly underestimate the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with their food choices. Participants preferred items with lower carbon footprints when given clear information on labels.
Researchers found that boys with better motor skills had higher cognitive scores over a two-year follow-up period. In contrast, aerobic fitness was not associated with cognitive function in either boys or girls.
A new method for single cell chromatin accessibility profiling has been developed, allowing researchers to profile over 3000 cells from the spleen. The study revealed distinct immune cell types and related transcription factors, providing insights into cellular function and organization.
Researchers at UC San Francisco have found that female mice live longer than males due to the presence of two X chromosomes. Having both female sex chromosomes and gonads extended life in mice, with most of the effect coming from the sex chromosomes.
A recent study found that people constantly record information about the order of events, even if they are unrelated, and use this order to help search memory. The researchers used real-world data from news stories to demonstrate that temporal proximity acts as a tether connecting memories for different events.
Between 2000 and 2014, Brazil's cropland area nearly doubled from 26 Mha to 46.1 Mha. Most of this growth (80%) came from converting pastureland, while 20% was due to natural vegetation conversion.
A new study by Virginia Commonwealth University and Lund University in Sweden found that children of parents with alcohol use disorder are more likely to get married at younger ages and less likely to marry at older ages. They are also more likely to marry a person who has alcohol use disorder themselves.
Tropical Cyclone Kenanga strengthened into a tropical storm over the Southern Indian Ocean, with rainfall rates reaching up to 119 mm/h. NASA's Aqua and GPM satellites captured detailed data on rainfall, temperature, and storm structure.
Researchers found that changing agricultural practices and shifting diets away from meat and dairy products could reduce sector emissions by up to 50% by 2050. Dietary changes in overconsuming countries could contribute additional reductions of 23%, with the beef and dairy industries having high greenhouse gas intensities.
A new epigenetic-based cervical cancer test outperformed Pap smear and HPV tests, detecting 100% of invasive cancers in a large study. The test also predicted early cancer development up to five years in advance.
A new mechanism has been discovered for the onset of migraines, involving a mutation in a protein that inhibits neuronal electrical activity. This finding opens a new path for the development of anti-migraine medicines by targeting K2P2.1 channels to reduce neuronal excitability.
A first-in-human clinical trial found sutimlimab to be effective in treating severe hemolytic anemia in cold agglutinin disease. The investigational drug rapidly halted red blood cell destruction, increased hemoglobin levels, and eliminated the need for blood transfusions.
The MuSCAT2 instrument will use multi-color transit observations to separate actual exoplanets from eclipsing binary stars. This technique is essential for confirming a large number of new transiting exoplanet candidates, including Earth-like habitable planets orbiting stars near the Sun.
Researchers used drones equipped with thermal cameras to detect European nightjar nests in a pilot study. The method proved effective, allowing for accurate location of nests without disturbing the birds. This technology could have wider applications for detecting warm-blooded species.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine reveals six high-quality instruments to measure delirium severity, enabling accurate assessment and improving clinical care. The findings have the potential to stratify risk, target treatment, and monitor outcomes for persons with delirium.
A new study published in Molecular Therapy Oncolytics found that combining chemotherapy with CRISPR-Cas9 can stop tumor growth and reduce existing tumor volume in both tissue culture and mouse models. The CRISPR application disables the NRF2 gene, which helps lung cancer tumors develop resistance to chemotherapies.
Researchers found the Conchos shiner in the mainstream of the Rio Grande at a site previously thought to be free from non-native species. The discovery highlights the need for further research and conservation efforts in the Rio Grande drainage system.
A Rutgers-led study challenges conventional expectations that fast-growing resources are unlikely to collapse. The study found that those who start conserving can often stick with it, but when conservation is not in place, the opposite is true.
Researchers from the University of Chicago have developed a high-throughput RNA sequencing strategy to study the activity of the gut microbiome. The new tools analyze transfer RNA, allowing scientists to understand the activity of naturally occurring microbiomes and study their responses to environmental changes.
A new, battery-free implantable device has been developed by University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers to aid in weight loss. The device generates gentle electric pulses that stimulate the vagus nerve, helping the brain feel full after only a few bites of food.
A team of researchers at Nagoya University has discovered a highly potent and selective molecule, SPL7, that can induce suicidal germination in Striga seeds, allowing for effective control over the parasitic weed. This breakthrough could alleviate Striga infestation and save crop losses worth billions of US dollars every year.
Tropical Depression Phethai made landfall in southeastern India on Dec 17, causing significant wind shear that affected the storm's trajectory. NASA's Aqua satellite captured a visible image of Phethai after its landfall, revealing the bulk of clouds and showers north and east of the center of circulation.
Research found that activation of microglia in the spinal cord is responsible for increased pain sensitivity in response to stress. Eliminating microglia from the spinal cord prevented these effects, highlighting their role in transmitting pain to the brain.
Scientists at EMBL Rome have discovered a way to treat itchy skin conditions like eczema by using near-infrared light to bind to specialized nerve cells. This method has shown promising results in mice with eczema and amyloidosis, offering new hope for potential human treatments.
A study published in JNeurosci found that one night of sleep loss increases the desire for junk foods, as measured by brain activity and hormone levels. The researchers suggest that a lack of sleep can promote overeating and obesity risk through increased food desirability.
A new study led by Ohio State University aims to build models that predict how future trade scenarios could affect the Great Lakes region's food, energy, and water supply. The research team is gathering input from farmers, state and regional policy organizations, and other stakeholders to formulate potential future scenarios.
Rice University scientists develop synthetic protein switches to control electron flow, enabled by chemical triggers. The discovery enables custom-designed switches for applications such as living sensors and electronically controlled metabolic pathways.
Researchers developed SPAEML, a statistical approach that can accurately detect the underpinnings of simulated complex traits. The method was tested on datasets similar to Alzheimer's disease and flower structure in corn, identifying simulated markers and distinguishing between additive and interacting loci.
A new study reveals degradation of local coral reef ecosystem in Tan-awan, Oslob, due to intensive whale shark tourism. The research highlights the need for proper management strategies to mitigate reef degradation and promote sustainable tourism.
Researchers developed a biodegradable edible film made with plant starch and antimicrobial compounds to control the growth of foodborne pathogens on seafood. The film successfully killed vibrio and salmonella bacteria, which are linked to gastrointestinal problems when consumed.
A seismic study spanning the Mariana Trench reveals that subduction zones drag about three times more water into the deep Earth than previously estimated. The observations highlight the important role of subduction zones in the global water cycle, with implications for our understanding of the Earth's interior.
A medical records study of over 7,000 patients awaiting a lung transplant in the US has confirmed that the current organ allocation system is geographically biased. The study found significant disparities in lung transplant rates between different regions, with some areas receiving nearly four times more transplants than others.
The Wyss Institute aims to develop 'Time-Tolerant Biostasis Therapeutics' that slow down critical processes in the human body, giving time to repair life-threatening injuries. The goal is to stabilize molecules, cells, organs, and metabolic state using temperature-independent mechanisms.
During zebrafish development, a region of the embryo switches from viscous to liquid, allowing it to take shape. The study found that this process is mediated by cell division and regulated by non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway.
A new study found that certain neurons protect themselves from Alzheimer's by clearing toxic tau proteins, which accumulate in sluggish cells. The discovery suggests new treatment possibilities to support natural defense mechanisms against neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at Ohio State University warn that climate change is causing widespread and consistent warming in glaciers across the Andes and Himalayas, leading to a decline in water supply for millions of people. The melting glaciers can trigger hazards like avalanches and floods, and have long-lasting effects on regional water supplies.
Researchers developed a cost-effective method to monitor indoor crop health using SI-NDVI imaging, detecting stress signatures before visible signs appear. This technique has potential applications in space-based farming and can be used by indoor farmers to catch problems quickly.
A new injection treatment has shown success in improving vision in children with a form of congenital retinal blindness. The treatment, which targets CEP290 mutations, restored visual acuity and allowed patients to read letters on an eye chart within months.
A team from Osaka University used simulations to connect annealing with mechanical response to strain in glasses. They found that glasses exhibit four basic trends under different strains, including perfect elasticity, partial plasticity, yielding, and jamming.
A new Tel Aviv University study suggests that a parking algorithm can guarantee uniform parking occupancy by filling spots in less lucrative areas. The algorithm has been tested in the Israeli city of Bat Yam, establishing real-time adaptive parking prices that ensured 90 percent parking occupancy without expensive equipment.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new memristor that can model synaptic behavior in hardware, allowing for exploration of competition and cooperation among neurons. The device enables controlled changes in conductance, mimicking the strengthening or weakening of connections between neurons.
Astronomers using the W. M. Keck Observatory have discovered a relic cloud of gas from the Big Bang, providing new information about how the first galaxies formed and offering clues to the universe's early structure.
A new study led by an Iowa State University researcher found that higher average potency cannabis at first use increases the risk for the first symptom of cannabis use disorder within a year. Individuals who started using cannabis with 4.9% THC had 1.88 times higher risk, while those with 12.3% THC had 4.85 times higher risk.
Astrophysicist Wendy Panero proposes a new approach to determining a planet's habitability by analyzing its mass, radius, and star composition. This method could help scientists identify the most promising candidates for supporting life in the universe, saving time and resources.
A recent study by the Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai shows that a pharmacist-led intervention at barbershops can significantly lower blood pressure in high-risk African-American men. After 12 months, the average systolic blood pressure fell by nearly 29mmHg in the intervention group.
The Japanese infrared satellite AKARI has detected hydrated minerals containing water in a number of asteroids, providing insight into the distribution of water in our solar system. The study reveals that C-type asteroids were formed by the agglomeration of rocks and water ice, followed by aqueous alteration and dehydration.
Researchers discovered four kinds of pterosaur feathers, similar to those found in birds and dinosaurs. These findings push the origin of feathers back to 250 million years ago, revealing a key moment in life's evolution.
Researchers discovered that vibrating stamens, pollen-bearing organs of flowers, are a key trait for understanding early stages in the transition from insect to wind pollination. This finding helps explain why some flowering plant species have evolved to rely on wind instead of insects for pollination.
A recent study published in Psychiatric Services found that over 12% of U.S. adults used benzodiazepines in the past year, with misuse accounting for nearly 17% of overall use. Benzodiazepine misuse was strongly associated with opioid and stimulant misuse, highlighting concerns about substance abuse.
A team at Cal Tech developed a novel approach to building a water force field, demonstrating its accuracy in predicting various properties of water. The new force field shows promise in improving drug design and understanding anomalous characteristics of water.
Researchers found that dietary sugars, particularly fructose and glucose, decrease the abundance of a protein called Roc required for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron colonization. A resistant strain engineered by researchers outcompeted the wild-type strain in mice fed high-sugar diets.