A study published in Ecology Letters found that edge populations of plants, such as yellow rattle, are better suited to surviving climate change. These populations have adapted to high-elevation summers by flowering earlier, allowing them to thrive in areas where lower elevation populations fail.
The discovery of a vessel with an estimated 500 maize weevils offers insights into the cultivation and distribution of chestnuts, food in the Jomon era, and the spirituality of ancient Japanese people. Researchers found that maize weevils were a dominant pest in stored rice and grains during this period.
A UBC-Western study found that respectful, inclusive practices in primary care clinics can improve the health of marginalized individuals. Researchers developed modules to promote equity-oriented care and interviewed 395 individuals, finding reduced pain, depression, and trauma symptoms.
A new therapy has shown 'very promising' initial results in improving the sight of people with Leber congenital amaurosis type 10 (LCA10), a severe inherited retinal disease. The therapy, QR-110, was injected into one eye and left untreated in the other, resulting in improved vision and restored levels of normal CEP290 protein in cells.
A SLU researcher suggests focusing on high-risk tuberculosis patients to improve treatment completion rates and accelerate the US goal of eliminating the disease. By identifying latent patients at highest risk of active infection, doctors can better communicate the importance of completing treatment regimens.
Researchers identified optimal recipients for split liver transplants, including children weighing under 10 kilograms and those with rare diseases. Split liver transplants were found to have similar outcomes as whole liver transplants when adjusting for variables such as donor age and recipient health.
Researchers from Osaka University developed a large-scale flexible thermoelectric generator module with high mechanical reliability and efficient power generation. The module achieved improved efficiency in recovering waste heat from curved heat sources, enhancing its mechanical reliability.
A year-long field study examined the effects of Hurricane Maria on tropical dry forests in Puerto Rico, revealing that trees adjust key characteristics of their newly grown leaves to compensate for damage. The study found that 11 of 13 species increased CO2 intake and changed leaf shape to efficiently extract gas from the atmosphere.
A team of climate researchers reviewed existing data and concluded there has never been a statistically significant 'pause' in global warming. The studies, published in Environmental Research Letters, reassessed the data and put it into historical context to find no evidence for a divergence between model projections and observations.
A recent study published in JAMA found that opioids provide only modest benefits for patients with chronic non-cancer pain. The research suggests that while opioids may help alleviate symptoms, their use comes with a high risk of side effects and addiction.
A recent study published in American Political Science Review found that people's policy positions shift when informed of their party leader's stance on a controversial issue. Researchers used President Trump's statements to test the effect of party loyalty versus policy loyalty.
A University at Buffalo team discovered that activation of PRRX1 induces pathological quiescence, rendering adult stem cells incapable of producing myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. This finding presents a novel approach to developing treatments for multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory diseases by blocking pathological quiescence.
Researchers have successfully developed an automatic suction device for Single-cell mass spectroscopy, enabling high efficiency and precision. The device uses cellular image analysis, confocal microscopy technology, and a software for one-click suction, achieving 22 samples per hour.
Researchers found that interleukin-6 is involved in the development of severe asthma, a subtype associated with neutrophil accumulation. Blocking this molecule may lead to new treatments for asthma.
A new study found that most nurses rate hospital end-of-life care unfavorably due to painful procedures and lack of teamwork. However, effective nurse-physician collaboration and manageable workloads can improve care quality.
A new study by Colorado State University researchers provides a long view of what nine different world regions have contributed to climate change since 1900. The analysis shows that China's contribution will increase as it implements clean air standards, while North America remains the largest contributor.
Scientists at Tsinghua University and Beihang University developed a 'microtube pump' that can transport tiny amounts of fluid using sunlight-powered capillary forces. The pump consists of two layers with asymmetric properties that work together to accelerate water droplets to exceptional speeds.
Researchers have identified specific neurological changes in brain neurons based on the force applied during head trauma. The study used x-ray diffraction to examine myelin structure and detected changes at a consistent load of force.
A study found that calls to a child abuse hotline for elementary school children increased on Saturdays when report cards were released on Fridays. The analysis included 1,943 verified cases of physical abuse, highlighting the need for further study to understand this correlation.
Susan Fullerton is developing all 2D materials for next-generation electronics, with potential applications in information storage, brain-inspired computing, and security. Her research uses a novel approach to ion utilization, which could represent a paradigm shift in high-performance computing.
A study of wild baboons in Kenya found that high-ranking individuals have better access to resources and immune system genes. However, the relationship between social status and health differs between males and females, suggesting a sex-specific connection between rank and immune function.
Researchers at UTSA create Cyberwell, an algorithm that reduces negative side effects of virtual reality on users. The algorithm predicts and personalizes cybersickness reduction through deep learning models.
Maintaining high negative pressures (-10 Pa in hospital rooms, -5 Pa in renovation sites) effectively limits airborne contaminant dispersion. Local airflow patterns are more important than air change rates for efficient removal of infectious agents.
A diet rich in green leafy vegetables, especially those high in inorganic nitrate like spinach and rocket, may prevent liver steatosis. Researchers found that increased nitrate intake reduced fat accumulation in the liver and improved insulin/glucose homeostasis in mice with type 2 diabetes.
People with radical political views tend to overestimate their certainty on incorrect answers, but struggle with recognizing when they're wrong. The study found no difference in task performance between moderates and radicals, despite radicals' higher confidence ratings.
Anand Puppala, a professor of civil engineering at UTA, has been recognized as a Fellow of the United Kingdom's Institution of Civil Engineers. He is an expert in geotechnical and ground improvement, stabilization of expansive soils, and sustainable utilization of recycled materials.
Physicists from the University of Basel created a network with pores about one nanometer in size and controlled the physical state of individual Xenon gas atoms between solid and liquid by temperature and electrical pulses. The study paves the way for the development of new, smaller data storage devices.
Researchers discovered a two-step control mechanism in neural stem cells that differentiates into neurons and astrocytes. PRC1 represses genes related to neuronal function temporarily and permanently at two distinct stages of brain development.
A new study found that the median lifespan increase of Brachionus rotifers varied greatly among genetically distinct strains when exposed to low temperature. The findings indicate that temperature affects lifespan depending on an individual's genes, challenging the long-held free-radical theory of aging.
A new study led by Yale University finds that school-based nutritional programs limit increases in body mass index (BMI) among middle school students. Students in schools with enhanced nutrition policies and programs reported healthier behaviors and had lower BMI trajectories compared to those without such support.
Researchers found that activating the locus coeruleus (LC) improves sensory information transmission and perceptual performance. The study provides insights into new treatments for neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease and depression.
Researchers discovered that presynaptic active zones can accommodate additional calcium channels, increasing synaptic strength and overturning previous thinking on channel dominance. This finding opens up a new avenue of research for treating neurological disorders.
A study found that people underestimate the environmental impact of food, especially meat, but can be helped by labels. The researchers asked participants to rate the energy used and greenhouse gas emissions generated by different foods and appliances.
Saturn's iconic rings are being pulled into the planet by gravity, draining an Olympic-sized swimming pool in half an hour. The research suggests the ring system will be gone in 300 million years, with some particles also falling onto Saturn's geysers from moon Enceladus.
Scientists recommend measures to prevent environmental damage from seabed mining, including improved monitoring and protection of Marine Protected Areas. They suggest moving towards a circular economy that reduces demand for virgin minerals.
A large Kaiser Permanente study shows that 10 years after a negative colonoscopy, members had a 46% lower risk of developing colorectal cancer and an 88% lower risk of dying from it. This evidence supports the recommended 10-year rescreening interval after a normal colonoscopy finding.
Researchers found that gently stroking newborns at a speed of approximately 3 centimeters per second can reduce pain-related brain activity. The study suggests that this technique could provide effective pain relief before clinically necessary medical procedures, and may also promote parent-infant bonding.
Researchers analyzed magnesium stable isotopes in lunar rock samples, finding they match the Inner Solar System's bulk composition before fractionation occurred. The results suggest the initial Moon impact did not separate isotopes and instead indicate a lunar magma ocean that re-melted and affected later basalt formations.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a method to identify important genes in the human genome using natural selection. By analyzing epigenomic features and evolutionary history, they created fitness consequence maps that can guide future research.
A specific transcription factor called JunB helps control the activity of effector regulatory T cells, which suppress immune activity. Without JunB regulation, mice develop severe inflammation in their lungs and colons, suggesting JunB prevents autoimmunity in specific organs.
Young willow tits must find a flock to survive harsh winters, while those that establish high ranks have better odds of attaining long-term survival. Flocking also allows birds to learn from each other and detect predators more effectively.
Researchers observed a hummingbird defending its nest against a caterpillar disguising itself as a snake, highlighting the complexity of animal interactions. A tiny robot designed to mimic a snake-like appearance could potentially test various responses from nesting birds and provide insights into defense mechanisms.
A study of French women found that those experiencing migraines had a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those without migraines. The observational study included over 74,000 women and suggests potential underlying causes for the association between migraines and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Kanazawa University found that a neuroscience-protein regulates brain boundary formation in fly brains by exchanging with its partners between neurons and glial cells. The protein's balance of attraction and repulsion regulates boundary formation.
A new microneedle patch vaccine containing the inactivated RSV virus has been shown to be effective in enhancing protection against the disease and reducing inflammation. The vaccine, combined with an immune-stimulating compound, was found to induce a stronger immune response than traditional intramuscular vaccination.
A new study found that implementing strong school nutrition policies is associated with healthier weight trajectories in middle school students. The study, which followed 595 students over three years, found that students from schools with nutrition policy interventions experienced less than a 1% increase in body mass index (BMI), whil...
The 5TONIC Lab in Madrid is accelerating 5G network slice deployment by developing proof-of-concept demonstrations for vertical markets. The €8m EU-backed 5G-Transformer project enables standard technological frameworks for network slicing using NFV, SDN, and MEC.
A daily dose of buprenorphine-naloxone is cost-effective compared to monthly injections of extended-release naltrexone, with similar effectiveness in quality of life and time abstaining from opioids. The researchers conclude that buprenorphine-naloxone should be preferred as the first-line treatment for opioid use disorder.
Researchers developed a method to translate brain activity into visual representations, enabling patients to increase or decrease beta waves associated with symptoms. Although no improvement in symptoms was observed, the study demonstrates a new approach toward managing disease-related brain activity that could inform new treatments.
Researchers at Indiana University found that CBD worsens glaucoma by raising eye pressure in mice. The study suggests a need to understand potential side effects of CBD, especially in children.
Excitatory neurons are more susceptible to abnormal tau protein accumulation, a key factor in Alzheimer's disease progression. The study identifies genetic differences between excitatory and inhibitory neurons that may explain their vulnerability.
The University of California San Diego is awarded $2 million to create novel methods for manufacturing biologically based monomers used in making polyurethane polymers. The project aims to produce cost-competitive algae-based products for various plastics found in everyday items.
Researchers will continue their decade-long study exploring stem-cell therapies that show promise for both animals and humans with spina bifida. The therapy involves using stem cells taken from donor placentas on bioengineered scaffolds to help cover and close wounds, preventing damage to the spinal cords.
Researchers discovered that genetically vulnerable mice exposed to marijuana showed increased inflammation in brain cells linked to serious mental illnesses. The study suggests that marijuana's brain-damaging effects may be more pronounced in teens with a specific genetic mutation.
A recent report from a joint effort between researchers and experts has provided guidelines for defining the quality of uncultivated virus genomes. The new standards aim to improve the analysis and characterization of these viruses, which are increasingly being identified through genome sequencing and analyses.
A study involving over 800 participants found that unconscious assumptions about extramission theory led to different force estimates when a person gazed at an object. The results suggest the brain constructs a social model with an invisible energy beam from others' eyes, influencing perception.
A new study in the Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases describes the use of a child-compatible, hand-held device to assess pulmonary function in teens with DMD. The results show that weekly use of the device was well accepted by participants, with high adherence rates and reliable data compared to standard spirometry.
A new study reveals that short-term stress in surgeons can lead to a 66% increase in mistakes during operations, which can cause bleeding, torn tissue, or burns. The research, published in the British Journal of Surgery, could lead to protocols aiming to reduce acute stress on surgeons.
Researchers discovered that an inhomogeneous magnetic field affects the magnetization reversal mechanism of exchange-coupled structures, increasing sensitivity of magnetic field detectors. The study reveals a step-wise hysteresis loop and changes in the shape of the loop with varying magnetic field gradients.
Scientists successfully induce a 'charge-stripe' crystal phase in an insulating cuprate material, resolving long-standing controversy in the field. The discovery reveals a unidirectional charge-stripe order with a wavelength of exactly 4 atomic lattice constants.