A new study reveals how climate change and human activity are impacting Lake Baikal's unique ecosystem. The lake's diatom species are shifting towards warmer surface waters, potentially disrupting the food chain and biodiversity.
A study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that openness-related traits like curiosity and confidence are linked to better performance in math and reading. Executive functioning was also strongly associated with academic skills, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis has made a significant step towards precision medicine for patients with Long QT Syndrome Type 3, a life-threatening form of irregular heartbeat. By analyzing genetic variation and the nanoscale interaction of a commonly used drug treatment, they determined which patients woul...
Researchers have designed proteins that zip together like DNA molecules, paving the way for protein nanomachines and precise cell engineering. This technique enables the design of machines that can diagnose and treat disease, engineer cells, and perform various tasks.
A new study from Lund University investigates the degradation of plastic waste, finding that it can break down into nanoplastics under mechanical stress. The researchers warn that this could lead to adverse consequences for animals and humans, as nanoplastic particles are extremely small and can be ingested by living organisms.
A large registry-linkage study found a 13-fold increased risk of lung cancer in single lung transplant recipients' native lungs compared to the general population. Longtime since transplantation and prior smoking are associated with higher lung cancer risk.
Astronomers have discovered a young star, Gaia 17bpi, undergoing a rare 'growth spurt' - a FU Ori stellar outburst. The event reveals insights into the development of these distant stellar objects and helps solve longstanding mysteries surrounding star formation.
A study by the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found that Facebook advertising can effectively reach rural communities with information and reminders about cancer screening. The EndCancer initiative resulted in a high engagement rate, with 96% of participants staying enrolled.
Researchers at ORNL created a lignin-nylon composite with improved printability and mechanical properties. The combination of lignin and nylon appears to have a lubrication or plasticizing effect on the composite, increasing room temperature stiffness while decreasing melt viscosity.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina identify insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP-5) as a potential therapeutic target for lung fibrosis. The protein promotes fibrosis by turning on profibrotic genes and increasing levels of profibrotic factors.
New research by Lancaster University links austerity policies to social murder, citing increased suicides, malnutrition, and homelessness. The study argues that violent proletarianisation creates poverty that is both known and avoidable, highlighting the need for fundamental change in social security policy.
The review highlights the development of advanced nano-materials for electrochemical geno-sensors, showcasing their high surface area, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and charge-sensitive conductance. These materials are used to detect chemical analytes with potential as a next-generation field-deployable analytical tool.
Researchers found persistent cognitive changes and altered brain activity in young adults who experienced repetitive concussions, affecting flexible thinking and information processing. This study provides insight into the long-term effects of concussions on young adults and may inform targeted treatment strategies.
A comprehensive study of the blind cavefish's vertebrate-like pelvic girdle and phylogeny may provide insights into the evolution of appendages, pelvis, and vertebral column needed for terrestrial life. Researchers will examine the morphological, genomic, and mechanical qualities that enable fish to walk on land.
A new study published in Radiology found that MRI effective for monitoring liver fat levels in obese patients undergoing weight loss treatments. The study assessed liver fat before and after bariatric surgery using quantitative chemical shift-encoded MRI, showing a significant decrease in liver fat content after six to ten months.
A new study reveals that the gut microbiome helps regulate the host's immune system by moderating vitamin A levels. The bacteria fine-tune the conversion of vitamin A to its active form, reducing an overactive immune response and promoting co-existence with the microbiome.
Researchers disentangled 'hiatus' confusion by analyzing global surface temperature data and comparing model projections to observations. They found no statistical evidence of a pause or slowdown in global warming.
Two UC3M projects have been awarded grants to develop accessible technologies, including the EASIER system that simplifies text for people with intellectual disabilities and eB2-TEA app that detects crises in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Researchers at KU Leuven devised an elegant way to use sound waves to keep chemicals flowing in miniature reactors. The technology improved efficiency by forcing particles into the center of channels, mixing them, and stopping clogging.
Researchers applied machine learning to analyze Cascadia data, discovering a constant tremor that predicts slow slippage and fault failure. The study found a direct parallel between the loudness of the signal and the physical changes, allowing for more accurate predictions of megaquakes.
A study combining 96 randomized clinical trials found that opioids had small improvements in pain and physical functioning compared to placebo, but also an increased risk of vomiting. Nonopioid alternative pain medications showed similar benefits with lower risks.
Researchers at CNIO and Hospital 12 de Octubre have discovered a potential new combination therapy for myelofibrosis, a severe haematological disease. The three-drug combination of nilotinib, prednisone, and ruxolitinib enhances the treatment's effectiveness by potentiating each other's benefits.
A 12-week-long mobile phone-based intervention encouraging Chinese smokers to quit resulted in a 6.5% success rate, significantly higher than control group rates. Researchers suggest this approach could improve population health and be considered for large-scale use in China.
Researchers discover Ets1 gene's role in autoimmune disease lupus; found that faulty gene leads to Tfh2 cell expansion and autoantibody production. Blocking IL4 pathway mitigates SLE features.
A team of ETH Zurich researchers has found a way to harmonize conflicting results from fossil-based and phylogenetic analysis of species emergence and extinction. By considering different mechanisms of speciation, such as budding, cladogenesis, and anagenesis, they have developed a computer model that accounts for these assumptions, pr...
A new study examines data from California Youth Authority and finds a strong likelihood of recidivism among offenders convicted of violent crimes. The research highlights the importance of considering an offender's entire criminal history during sentencing or parole decisions.
Estonian scientists have developed a genetic testing technology called TAC-seq, which enables precise analysis of clinical biomarkers at the single-molecule level. This method raises the precision of biomarker analysis and is poised to make it more affordable.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have discovered a copper catalyst that can efficiently convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and fuels without wasteful byproducts. This breakthrough could enable the production of renewable fuels, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
Research identifies chain reaction in cells that helps cancer survive BRAF and MEK treatment. A new process called ER translocation connects two common resistance mechanisms, increasing autophagy and drug resistance.
Researchers found that Saturn's iconic rings are losing ice particles at a maximum rate, draining an Olympic-sized pool in half an hour. The entire ring system is expected to vanish in 300-100 million years.
A Japanese team has developed a new technique for manufacturing ultraprecise multilayer focusing mirrors that can achieve X-ray beam sizes of less than ten nanometers. This breakthrough enables high-performance X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) with improved quality and intensity.
Researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 breast cancer patients and identified seven clusters of patients based on their immune evasion mechanisms. This study provides a better understanding of how breast cancer hides from the immune system, allowing oncologists to develop more personalized treatment options.
A new study reveals that tourists in Morocco object to using barbary macaques as photo props, citing concerns about animal welfare and potential health risks. The practice is perceived as unacceptable by 88% of respondents, who also raise concerns about hygiene and the risk of infections.
A new study in eLife describes a 50-million-year-old fossil flower species that defies widely accepted theories of plant evolution. The discovery of Nanjinganthus dendrostyla sheds light on the origins of angiosperms, potentially indicating an earlier emergence than previously thought.
Research by Harvard University's Catherine Dulac reveals that male mice engage in infanticide due to a combination of sensory cues, including the shape of pups and specific pheromone signals. These signals allow males to identify newborn infants and recognize their need for nurturing versus protection from attack.
A new study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution reveals that pterosaurs had at least four types of feathers, including simple filaments and down feathers, which are also found in modern birds and dinosaur groups. The discovery pushes back the origin of feathers by approximately 70 million years.
Researchers discovered a previously unexplored consequence of global wind energy proliferation: wake effects from upwind facilities that can reduce downwind neighbors' energy production. The study shows that these effects are measurable and predictable, with the largest impact occurring when winds are in a specific direction at night.
A Clemson University field study found that tree species grow optimized leaves to compensate for hurricane damage, capturing carbon dioxide at higher rates. However, some trees' lower-quality new leaves may reduce lifespan and energy production.
Researchers from RIKEN and JAXA use ALMA radio observatory to measure magnetic field strengths near two supermassive black holes. The findings reveal that the magnetic fields are insufficient to heat coronae to one billion degrees Celsius, contradicting previous assumptions.
A new study published in JAMA examined data from over 88,000 pregnancies where pregnant women took ondansetron during the first trimester. The researchers found no increased risk of cardiac malformations but a slight increase in oral clefts associated with ondansetron use.
A new study by the University of Warwick identifies constraints on older adults' ability to adapt to heatwaves or cold snaps due to financial issues and social isolation. The research recommends implementing policies to improve individuals' health status, strengthen knowledge of extreme temperatures, and enhance social networks.
A team of biologists has discovered red wolf DNA in a group of canines living on Galveston Island, Texas, raising hopes for the species' survival. The finding, which may represent lost genes from captive breeding, challenges conventional science's dismissal of 'red wolves' as coyotes.
Researchers at UVA Health System have made a breakthrough in understanding human papillomavirus (HPV) and its role in causing cancers. They discovered that the virus relies on a specific enzyme, USP46, to form tumors, making it a promising target for new therapies.
A meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found that Internet-based interventions significantly reduced mean weekly alcohol consumption and improved adherence to low-risk drinking limits. Older adults and those with lower education levels showed greater treatment response, while human-guided interventions had a stronger impact...
Researchers developed a versatile vaccine effective in mice against Powassan virus and other tick-transmitted flaviviruses. The mRNA-based vaccine platform shows promise for rapid production of vaccines against emerging flaviviruses.
A study published in Nature Communications found that separating male and female mice leads to differences in their olfactory sensory receptors. As a result, the mice may perceive odors differently. This research has implications for understanding sex-specific differences in human olfactory function.
Research published in the Journal of Neurology & Psychiatry found that food allergies are associated with a higher rate of cumulative disease bouts and active disease in multiple sclerosis patients. The study analyzed data from 1349 adults and found that food allergy was linked to a 27% higher rate of disease flare-ups.
Researchers identify strong genetic risk factor for IPF, linking mucociliary dysfunction to lung scarring. The study provides a breakthrough in understanding the cause of IPF and potentially its treatment.
Male smooth guardian frogs of Borneo display extended parental care, staying with eggs for 11 days and transporting tadpoles through the forest. The males' selection of artificial pools is influenced by terrain steepness and presence of predators, indicating a unique strategy in frog parenting.
Researchers at Kiel University developed a new computer simulations method to accurately describe dynamic properties of warm dense matter. The study provides unique insights into the behavior of electrons under extreme conditions.
The partnership aims to consolidate research cooperation and explore diverse topics such as poverty, digital economy, and energy transition. Funding will support academic formats like workshops, conferences, and symposia, as well as young researchers' exchange and laboratory work.
Researchers at Newcastle University have developed a way to model disease progression and predict the tipping point of a disease. The models provide early warning indicators that an epidemic is imminent and action needs to be taken.
A recent editorial emphasizes the importance of evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), highlighting the benefits of medications like methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone. Experts stress that these treatments should be evaluated like any other chronic illness, free from unnecessary regulations and biases.
Tropical Cyclone Kenanga was at hurricane-force when captured by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite on Dec. 18. The image showed the eye surrounded by powerful thunderstorms and a large band of storms extending from the south to east.
Researchers at University of Alabama at Birmingham discover how Avian Sarcoma Virus binds to cell membrane, providing insights into HIV-1 replication and potential treatment strategies. The study reveals a crucial cluster of four lysine amino acids that interact with acidic membrane lipids.
Researchers found that participants who completed mindfulness training lost an average of 3 kilograms more than those who did not attend the course. The study suggests that mindfulness techniques can help improve eating behavior and facilitate successful weight loss in individuals with obesity.
This study introduces a green method for synthesizing benzopyrano and xanthenol compounds using TiO2 nanoparticles as catalysts. The reaction is carried out in aqueous medium at room temperature, yielding high yields (92-98%) within short reaction times.
Massachusetts ranked No. 1 in the Milken Institute's 2018 State Technology and Science Index, driven by major research universities and a tech-oriented workforce. Utah rose to fifth place with rapid employment growth in technology and science, while Delaware strengthened its position with venture capital investment.
Researchers studied how male broad-tailed hummingbirds combine speed, sound, and color in their displays to attract females. They discovered that the most dramatic aspects of the dive happen almost all at once, just before the male soars past the female.
Researchers found that average forest trees growing in conditions similar to those of their peers will experience a 75% reduction in growth. The new study is based on a database of unanalyzed tree cores from the US Forest Service and provides a more accurate estimate than previous studies.