Scientists at the University of Bonn have found that ceramide synthase not only produces vital lipids but also regulates gene activity, particularly in response to nutritional status. The enzyme's homeodomain plays a crucial role in adapting gene expression to energy requirements.
A new study suggests that infants who pay little attention to synchronous sights and sounds may be at elevated risk for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The researchers found significant group differences in the infants' gaze patterns, with those with ASD showing no preference for audiovisual synchrony.
Researchers developed DroNet, an algorithm that enables drones to safely navigate through urban environments using a normal camera and powerful artificial intelligence. The drones learned to respect safety rules and adapt to new environments, paving the way for fully autonomous drones in various applications.
A study found that children exposed to counter-stereotypic peers in magazines were more flexible in their attitudes about who should play with certain toys. This counters the idea that gender segregation is inevitable in young children.
A new study finds that married veterans are more likely to experience suicidal thoughts and behaviors compared to their single counterparts. The research, which analyzed responses from 772 recently returned veterans, also highlights the importance of addressing spiritual struggles in veteran suicide prevention efforts.
Researchers find that beta amyloid protein disrupts mitochondria function, leading to early disease symptoms. Human cells can be protected from damage with a custom-designed compound, offering an exciting avenue for future drug development.
Six UNIST startups, including RecensMedical and SuPine Therapeutics, have been selected for the Tech Incubator Program for Startup (TIPS) to receive business incubation spaces and funding. The program aims to promote technological innovation and support talent in growing their businesses.
International organizations IASLC and BTOG are partnering to spread awareness of revised lung cancer staging criteria. The new system takes effect this month and aims to provide better care for patients. Key findings highlight improved prognostic factors, tumor size measurements, and coding systems for lung cancers with multiple lesions.
A new study from the University of Utah suggests that repeated stress from everyday activities like walking can cause microdamage to bones in older adults, leading to a higher risk of breakage. This theory, known as 'cyclic loading,' challenges the common-held belief that bone breaks are caused by single impacts or forces.
A study at UMass Lowell aims to predict behavioral outcomes based on propaganda type and viewer personality. The research will produce training materials and educational content to counter terrorist recruitment techniques.
Scientists created a fully-resolved family tree for shark, ray, and chimaera species to quantify their evolutionary distinctness. This research identified five priority hotspots for conservation, helping to preserve up to 26 million years of unique evolutionary history.
A new study found that young children do not endorse beliefs about race as natural determinants, but instead expect behavior to be shaped by the environment. The extent to which these beliefs develop varies depending on exposure to diversity in neighborhoods and child care.
A new study by Stanford researchers found that a large and unstable Antarctic glacier may be melting farther inland than previously thought, posing a threat to global sea levels. The Pine Island Glacier's Southwest Tributary could trigger or accelerate ice loss in Thwaites Glacier, potentially speeding the rate of sea-level rise.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a new approach to replace graphite in lithium-ion batteries using silicon reinforced with graphene girders. This could more than double the battery's life and increase its capacity.
A study led by Michigan Technological University explores mercury pollution in the Great Lakes, particularly in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. The research focuses on policy scenarios to reduce mercury emissions and provides insights into regional remediation efforts and fish safety for local communities.
The study reveals that water molecules at the RNA surface perform tipping motions, known as librations, which influence the structure and dynamics of RNA. The findings show a complex scenario where water fluctuations are transferred to RNA vibrations, essential for avoiding local overheating.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that women with PCOS have less diverse gut bacteria, which may influence the development of the condition and its impact on quality of life. Elevated testosterone levels in women with PCOS were linked to these changes.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University studied the Marangoni effect, which causes soap to spread on water's surface. They developed a method to quantify the phenomenon through three independent measurements, showing that surfactant dissolution and spreading affect its behavior.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University developed a new mathematical model that describes the process of soliton occurrence in optical microresonators, taking Raman scattering into account. The system of equations may be used for numerical simulation of effects in optical resonators.
Despite policies to increase diversity, racial/ethnic minority patients are less likely to receive live donor kidney transplants. The study found that disparities worsened over the last two decades, with black patients receiving only a quarter of the number of live donor transplants as white patients.
Children with cochlear implants learn words faster than their hearing counterparts, thanks to earlier exposure to spoken language and better-developed brain structures. Researchers found that these children build up word pools at an accelerated rate.
University of Tennessee assistant professor Tyson Raper received the 2018 Dr. J. Tom Cothren Outstanding Young Cotton Physiologist Award for his research contributions to cotton physiology. He leads education and research efforts on cotton, wheat, and small grain crops.
A new video database has been created to track cellular migration, providing insights into normal processes and alterations involved in diseases like cancer. The database contains 52 videos analyzed from the Cell Tracking Challenge, offering a guide for researchers to select algorithmic solutions.
A team of scientists has identified two proteins, PCH1 and PCHL, that regulate the activity of phytochrome B, a key photoreceptor protein in plants. This discovery allows plants to adapt their light sensitivity to different environmental conditions, enabling them to optimize photosynthesis and growth.
The foundation awarded grants to early career scientists with 'high-risk/high-reward' ideas who lack preliminary data, aiming to significantly impact cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The recipients will use prebiotics to manipulate the microbiota, develop novel degraders for targeted therapies, and investigate tumor T cells...
Researchers have developed a method to create human-like skin pigmentation using 3D bioprinting, enabling standardized distribution of melanocytes and manipulation of pore sizes within the dermal regions.
A recent study published in BMC Medicine suggests that premature births are associated with an imbalance of bacteria in the mother's reproductive tract. The researchers found that subtle changes in vaginal microbiota were strongly linked to early water breakage and preterm birth, which can increase the risk of sepsis for newborns.
Researchers at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging have identified a potential therapeutic avenue for Parkinson's disease by clearing senescent astrocytes, which stop dividing and secrete deleterious factors. This approach shows promise in preventing symptoms of the incurable neurological disorder.
Researchers found highly oxidized iron in garnets from diamonds at a depth of 550 km below the Earth's surface, contradicting expectations about iron oxidation in the mantle. This discovery suggests that molten carbonate may have oxidized rocks to form diamonds.
Researchers used network analysis to re-examine medieval texts and found a negative value suggesting an Irish versus Viking conflict, contradicting revisionist historians' views. The study provides new insights into the complex picture of relationships during this period.
Researchers used a plant virus to study how plants defend themselves against invading pathogens, revealing key receptor proteins that regulate RNA interference. The findings also identified a suppressor protein named C4 used by the virus to disarm the plant's defence mechanism.
A smart baby pillow has been introduced to prevent and correct mild cases of flat head syndrome. The device features an embedded air volume control system and a real-time soft tactile sensor to monitor the baby's head position.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have identified a specific position on TatC that can be chemically altered by DCCD, inhibiting contact with the Tat substrate. This finding reveals the mechanism of how TatC and TatB components assemble into an active transporter, creating a cavity for protein insertion.
A new, rapid, and low-cost method for detecting bacteria in water or a food sample has been developed by researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The technique uses a sensitive and reliable bacteria-detecting chip that can test fresh produce for bacterial loads.
Researchers at Southern Methodist University have discovered three drug-like compounds that successfully reverse chemotherapy failure in three of the most commonly aggressive cancers. The compounds were tested on micro-tumors and showed effectiveness against specific cancers, giving hope for developing new drugs to fight cancer.
Observational research suggests that probiotic intake during late pregnancy may lower the risk of pre-eclampsia and premature birth. A significant association was found between probiotic consumption and a 20% lower risk of pre-eclampsia, while an 11% lower risk was observed for premature birth during early pregnancy.
The study found that only 27.6% of individuals with anxiety disorders received appropriate treatment, with the remaining cases receiving inadequate care. The low treatment rate is attributed to factors such as lack of awareness, health system weaknesses, and stigma surrounding mental illnesses.
Scientists at German Cancer Research Center have discovered a new target for anti-angiogenic tumor therapy by deleting a signaling molecule in mice, leading to delayed tumor growth and limited metastases. The receptor Tie1 plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and is overexpressed in tumors.
A new study maps distinct neighborhoods where feelings are assigned to experience in the basolateral amygdala, revealing a region with diverse and dynamic neurons that interact with each other. The findings shed light on how valence assignment works and may provide insights into mental health disorders.
A Singapore-Japan research team developed a new scheme to verify quantum computations after they're completed, allowing customers to check results and protect companies from dishonest users. The 'post-hoc verification' method can be done with or without specialized hardware.
A new report commissioned by IICSA highlights the growing risk of online child sexual abuse and exploitation. Researchers found that vulnerability characteristics include adverse childhood experiences, disability, and above-average internet use, while digital skills and openness can protect children from unwanted experiences.
Researchers found that women with PCOS have less diverse gut bacteria compared to those without the condition. Elevated testosterone levels in PCOS may contribute to these changes, suggesting a potential link between the microbiome and the development of PCOS.
Researchers have developed a microfluidic device that emulates the human blood-retinal barrier, allowing for the study of its structure and physiological conditions. The device enables cells to communicate and interact with each other like in a living organ, making it an essential tool for boosting in vitro experimentation.
Research by NREL found that up to 3% of PEVs on the road (7.5 million vehicles) does not significantly increase residential power demand. However, uncoordinated charging in clusters may overload distribution transformers, requiring infrastructure upgrades.
Researchers found that early personality changes can lead to noticeable behavior problems, including depression and anxiety. The study suggests that diagnosing these early changes could help develop earlier treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that cognitive training improved neural activity in older adults, making their brains more energy-efficient. The study suggests that this non-pharmacological intervention could help counteract age-related cognitive decline and enhance brain health.
Researchers developed stable, self-disrupting microbubbles to carry oxygen in the blood, reducing the risk of embolism. The microbubbles were shown to increase survival rates in rodents with cardiac arrest, providing a potential lifesaving treatment.
The UA-led international research consortium aims to determine the role of CC16 in persistent childhood asthma and its potential as a therapeutic intervention. The study will analyze thousands of participants followed from birth into adulthood, providing unique data on asthma persistence.
Researchers have identified the structure of a central protein used by archaea to determine direction, revealing significant differences from bacteria. This discovery sheds light on how archaea can adapt to extreme environments and colonize new habitats.
A new study published in mBio found that people with higher levels of anti-HA stem antibodies have less viral shedding when they get the flu, but do not have fewer or less severe signs of illness. The study suggests that these antibody levels are not independent predictors of whether someone becomes sick or how severely.
A new architecture miniaturizes atomic clocks using piezoelectric thin film vibration, achieving 30% reduction in chip area and 50% reduction in power consumption. The technology enables high-end frequency standards to be incorporated into wireless devices like smartphones.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed highly selective membrane filters that can separate organic compounds by size and electrostatic charge, potentially reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The membranes mimic biological systems and can sort compounds in various filtration systems.
A study comparing hysteroscopic and laparoscopic sterilization methods found that hysteroscopic sterilization was associated with a higher risk of gynecological complications, but not with an increased risk of medical outcomes. The study followed 105,357 women in France for one to three years after sterilization.
Researchers have discovered tiny crystals forming deep in volcanoes can signal impending eruptions, offering hope for more effective evacuations and early warning systems. The study, led by Dr. Teresa Ubide, uses a new laser technique to examine the composition of these crystals, which may hold the key to predicting volcanic activity.
Researchers, led by Dr. Felicia Goodrum, aim to understand the virus-host interaction of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a member of the herpesvirus family. HCMV poses life-threatening risks in individuals with compromised immune systems and is the leading cause of infectious disease-related birth defects.
Scientists from Siberian Federal University have developed a new method for synthesizing iron-dysprosium garnet, a promising magnetic material. This method uses anion resin exchange precipitation, allowing for the production of materials with controlled properties and no high temperatures or aggressive substances.
Researchers identified unique epigenetic signatures for nine neurodevelopmental disorders, enabling better diagnosis with minimal clinical overlap. The signatures can be used to screen for multiple syndromes simultaneously and distinguish between similar cases.
A sugar tax on soft drinks might increase alcohol consumption due to similar sugar content in many alcoholic beverages. Research suggests that a more nuanced approach to pricing across a range of beverages may be more effective than a single tax.
Researchers have recovered over 2000 artefacts from the edges of contracting glacial ice in Norway, dating back to 4000 BC. The finds suggest a pattern of increased activity in the Late Antique Little Ice Age and again during the Viking Age, likely driven by changes in climate and human migration.
The Ellen MacArthur Foundation awarded VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland a $1 million prize for its innovative bio-based packaging solution made from cellulose. The material reduces the use of plastics, extends the shelf life of food, and minimizes food waste.
A low-budget experiment exposed top female college students to charismatic, successful women in economics, resulting in a 12-percentage point increase in female enrollment in an intermediate microeconomics course. The intervention had no impact on male students, but particularly inspired high-achieving female students.
Researchers have found that small crystals in volcanic rocks contain growth layers similar to tree rings, which can record the processes leading up to an eruption. This discovery may lead to more effective volcanic hazard monitoring, including for dormant volcanoes.
Researchers have developed a new technique using optical coherence elastography to measure the mechanical properties of heart tissue after a heart attack. The method reveals differences in tissue mechanics between healthy and scarred tissue, providing insights into developing therapies to regenerate damaged heart tissue.
The Earth BioGenome Project will map the DNA of all known eukaryotic species, including plants, animals, and single-celled organisms. The ambitious 10-year project is expected to cost $4.7 billion.
Research connects preterm birth to adult heart disease by showing that fetal infection and inflammation disrupt genes crucial for normal heart development. This study uses a preterm animal model to demonstrate how inflammation can lead to incomplete heart development, increasing the risk of abnormal heart rhythms and heart failure.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals that plants with diverse root microbiomes are more resilient to drought, while those with similar microbial communities struggle. The research also found that recruiting specific bacteria can improve drought resistance.
Researchers at Iowa State University have developed a new graphene printing technology that produces electronic circuits with low cost, flexibility, and conductivity. The technology uses laser processing to create water-repelling surfaces on graphene flakes, opening up possibilities for self-cleaning wearable electronics and sensors.
A University of Wyoming researcher led a study on cloud seeding, demonstrating direct observation of cloud seeding for the first time. The research, dubbed SNOWIE, took place in Idaho and provided quantifiable observations of cloud seeding processes.
Researchers found that higher-level brain regions can compensate for persistent changes in sensory and movement areas following a hand transplant. The study suggests that non-invasive brain stimulation may improve recovery from nerve injury, paving the way for new approaches to neurorehabilitation for amputees and stroke patients.
Researchers at Columbia University found that tree guards can improve street trees' ability to absorb stormwater runoff. The study shows that protected pits absorbed water six times faster than unprotected ones, reducing the load on city sewers.
Researchers have developed a new, expedited course of treatment for combat-related PTSD that is as effective as traditional eight-week therapy. The study found that prolonged exposure (PE) therapy administered over two weeks resulted in significant symptom reduction and remission rates among active-duty military personnel.
A new study by ZSL and Utah State University argues that rewilding is a crucial approach to address global biodiversity loss. The research calls for revised legislation to facilitate the inclusion of rewilding in conservation efforts, with a focus on monitoring progress and understanding social impacts.
A panel of experts has issued new guidelines for molecular diagnostic testing and treatment decisions in lung cancer. The updates reflect recent advancements and decades of work to identify the genetic underpinnings of lung cancer, helping oncologists match patients with effective therapies.
Researchers at Washington State University are testing a low-cost sleep measurement technology to improve sleep patterns in individuals with chronic insomnia. The technology, known as S+, measures timing, quantity and quality of sleep and provides personalized suggestions for improvement.
A UTA researcher has received a $441,000 NIH grant to build new imaging technology that can study blood vessel function in patients with heart failure. This device will use laser light to track oxygen delivery and utilization in muscles, potentially leading to quicker diagnosis and life-saving treatment for these patients.
Researchers from the University of Leicester have discovered a unique 450-million-year-old fossil of a mysterious creature with soft body parts preserved. The discovery provides new insights into the life of the Ordovician period and expands our understanding of the planet's ancient world.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that training on synthetic and live tissue models did not result in a difference in performance for five critical procedures. The results suggest that further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of simulation training for emergency medicine and trauma teams.
A new study by UCLA researchers found that daily consumption of curcumin improved memory and mood in people with mild, age-related memory loss. The study, which involved 40 adults aged 50-90, showed significant improvements in cognitive power and reduced amyloid and tau signals in the brain.
The updated guideline strengthens recommendations for patients with lung adenocarcinoma, recommending testing for ROS1 mutations and multiplexed genetic sequencing panels. The panel also reaffirmed or strengthened existing recommendations, including testing in relapse for EGFR T790M, with some notable changes.
Researchers at NC State University have found a more accurate way to assess an individual's age at death using bone mineral density, increasing the margin of error from 27-70 years to within 13 years. The technique could be used to help identify human remains.
A study published in Age and Ageing predicts a massive expansion in the number of people suffering from multiple diseases, known as multi-morbidity, among older adults. As a result, two-thirds of life expectancy gains will be spent with four or more diseases.
Research found a steady rise in eyelid squamous cell carcinoma cases in England over the past 15 years, with an annual increase of 2%. The risk doubles for every decade above age 60. Squamous cell cancer is the second most common skin malignancy and can cause disfigurement and functional problems if it spreads.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh identified a key protein driving repair of the womb lining during menstruation, which is reduced in women with heavy periods. Boosting levels of this protein shows promise as a novel, non-hormonal treatment to reduce blood loss and improve tissue repair.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering have developed a novel solution to prevent plastic waste. They propose using nano-engineering to create a recyclable material that can replace complex multi-layered packaging, mimicking nature's use of few molecular building blocks.
New research from Chapman University found that 40% of teens aged 13-19 reported an adverse effect while consuming energy drinks. The most common side effects included insomnia, jittery feelings, and heart palpitations. Additionally, some teens mix alcohol with energy drinks and use them for weight loss.
A team of researchers, led by Dr Gianluca Sarri from Queen's University Belfast, has created the first small-scale replica of a gamma ray burst in a laboratory. The experiment used the Gemini laser to produce a mini gamma ray burst, confirming current models' predictions for magnetic field generation and gamma-ray emission.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have identified a key molecule, Pax7, which acts like a pioneer factor to open specific parts of the genome. This discovery provides insight into mechanisms of genome access and has significant implications for our understanding of cell diversification and disease prevention.
Researchers found that invasive cane toads can rapidly adjust their thermal tolerance in response to cool conditions, a trait present in two cool-climate populations from Australia and Hawaii. This discovery has significant implications for predicting the spread of invasive species.
A Michigan State University study reveals that the endangered piping plover population may decline over the next decade due to increasing predator pressure. The researchers developed an integrated population model coupled with a Bayesian population viability analysis to improve accuracy in forecasting population changes.
A new study examined prosecutions in Pennsylvania and Maryland following changes in firearm transfer laws, finding increased prosecutions after tougher sentencing in Pennsylvania but decreased prosecutions in Maryland after a court decision redefined private firearm transfers. The study highlights the importance of proper implementatio...
A researcher is using Twitter to engage African-American young adults in discussions on blunt use and the health hazards associated with it. The goal of the study is to develop an effective digital health intervention to reduce blunt smoking and decrease related morbidity and mortality rates.
Researchers have developed a new family of aerodynamic configurations, called Hypersonic I-shaped Aerodynamic Configurations (HIAC), which aim to improve the efficiency and lift of hypersonic aircraft. The designs feature an extra wing that captures high-pressure airflow, resulting in a significant increase in lift coefficient and drag...
The Harry T. Mangurian Jr. Foundation has donated $20 million to Mayo Clinic to name a new medical building for cancer and neurologic care. The building will double the size of existing departments and support increased staff and research.
A new study found positive associations between voting, volunteering, and activism with health, education, and income outcomes in adulthood. However, activism was also associated with more risky health behaviors in adulthood. The study suggests that civic engagement can build community and fulfill social needs.
The protein 'smallish' plays a crucial role in regulating cell polarity, essential for shape generation and coordinated cell changes. Researchers found that smallish helps control the correct shape of cells, even when knocked out, due to stored proteins in egg cells.
A new study found that binge drinkers have higher levels of microRNA-21, which may contribute to poor vascular function and increased cardiovascular disease risk. The researchers suggest that measuring microRNA-21 could help identify patients at risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have found that blocking production of the chemical 20-HETE can control glioblastoma and breast cancer growth. The inhibitor HET0016 reduced tumor aggressiveness and invasiveness, slowing disease progression.
Researchers at Duke University discovered that moving the eyes triggers vibrations in the eardrums, even without sound. This finding provides new understanding of how the brain coordinates visual and auditory information.
Researchers discovered that heat flow behaves like a viscous fluid when transitioning from metal to substrate, causing temperature spikes in electronic devices. This finding paves the way for better thermal management, improving processor performance and preventing 'hot spots',
Researchers at Cambridge University Press suggest a way to predict invasive weed behavior and development curve by analyzing herbarium records and data on past invaders. By understanding the variation in expansion phase length across species, they can identify traits linked to aggressive growth and expansion.
Researchers have developed a quantum metamaterial composed of twin qubits, which can be used as a control element in superconducting electronic devices. The material exhibits unique properties that disappear when separated into its components, making it a promising candidate for future applications.
Researchers have developed a new method that can accurately estimate biodiversity at a global scale, up to 10 orders of magnitude. The study used the 1999 Great Britain Countryside Survey dataset and tested over a dozen methods, with one model providing estimates within 10% of the true value.
Researchers discovered that a shift from fatty acid to carbohydrate-based energy sources can lead to congestive heart failure. The study identified Notch-1 receptor as key player controlling transport of fatty acids into cardiac muscle tissue.
A large study found that children with ADHD engage in substance use at a younger age than those without ADHD, with a significantly higher prevalence of regular marijuana and cigarette use. The study also found a faster progression of substance use during childhood and adolescence.
Cancer researchers have developed a new approach to target 'undruggable' cancer-causing genes by attacking the proteins they produce on the cell surface. The study reveals that antibodies against specific proteins can deliver cytotoxic or immunotherapeutic compounds to Ras-mutant cancer cells.
Arizona State University is developing a biomanufacturing platform to generate human neurons for testing treatments of neurodegenerative diseases. The project aims to engineer neural cell types needed for drug screening, potentially leading to innovative solutions for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
A study by Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center found that civic engagement in adolescence is associated with higher education levels and income as adults. Teens involved in volunteering, voting, or activism tend to perform better in health and mental well-being.
A recent study published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology found that bigger honeybee colonies have quieter combs than smaller ones. Bees actively reduce vibrations by grasping the comb, possibly through their posture, which helps them communicate with each other.
Research suggests that C-sections are associated with a decreased risk of urinary incontinence and pelvic prolapse, but an increased risk of asthma, obesity, and pregnancy complications. The study analyzed data from over 29 million participants and found mixed results on the long-term effects of C-sections.
Scientists have solved the puzzle of why some people with primary ciliary dyskinesia have non-functional cilia. Researchers found that mutations in non-motor proteins cause cilia to assemble incorrectly, leading to respiratory infections and other symptoms. The study offers new hope for treatment and potential screening for medications.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Jonathan Vande Geest at the University of Pittsburgh has received a $673K NIH grant to construct biomimetic, small-diameter vascular grafts that mimic the body's own blood vessels.
Research from University of Notre Dame suggests psychopaths may excel under abusive management styles due to varying levels of psychopathy. Employees with high primary psychopathy traits report feeling less angry and more engaged under abusive supervisors.
Researchers provide foundational understanding of myostatin activation mechanism, shedding light on tolloid enzyme's role in generating active myostatin. The study's findings hold promise for developing novel therapies targeting specific structural states of myostatin.