Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new technique to analyze isomers in edible oil using HPLC-MS/MS, revealing the specific oxidation compounds in canola oil resulting from heat and light. The study suggests packaging canola oil in dark containers and adding antioxidants like carotenoids to reduce oxidation.
A new study found that brains of people with Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) show similar responses to a lifetime of neurodegeneration, despite being distinct diseases. Most genes related to immune response and inflammatory pathways are common in both diseases.
Awards go to Mićo Tatalović, Julianna Photopoulos, Xiaoxue Chen, Haonan Liu, and Vijay Shankar Balakrishnan for their work in science journalism. The EurekAlert! Fellowships aim to expand coverage of science globally, addressing language barriers and economic isolations.
Researchers found that rising CO2 levels in freshwater systems can inhibit defence mechanisms of key species like daphnia, which rely on their sense of smell. This could have far-reaching consequences for entire ecosystems, highlighting the need for further studies.
A new study published in Military Medicine found that veterans who learned Transcendental Meditation experienced significant reductions in PTSD symptoms after just one month. The study involved 41 veterans and 5 active-duty soldiers, with 80% showing clinically significant decreases in symptoms.
Researchers have identified a crucial mechanism in the regulation of titin protein, a key player in skeletal muscle and heart function. The study found that disulfide bonds play a significant role in determining titin's elastic properties, and their formation can cause major changes in the protein's elasticity.
The reconstruction of Banda Aceh after the 2004 tsunami has led to socio-economic segregation, with lower-income residents facing increased exposure to coastal hazards. The study found that many tsunami survivors preferred to move inland, but were unable to afford it, leading to a divide between affluent and poorer residents.
Researchers at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg found that a fiber-rich diet can reduce arthritis symptoms by changing the intestinal bacteria and increasing short-chained fatty acids. These fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and can help slow bone degradation.
Researchers argue that current emissions pathways are insufficient, requiring broader scenarios with rapid decarbonization and careful consideration of negative emissions technologies. The new scenarios aim to address potential environmental and social consequences of large-scale carbon removal.
The 2018 AAAS/Subaru SB&F Prize for Excellence in Science Books recognizes outstanding science books for young readers, including 'Beauty and the Beak' and 'Animals by the Numbers'. The winners showcase engaging science writing and illustration, highlighting diverse topics such as animal statistics and waste management.
A new study suggests an association between elevated amyloid beta levels and worsening anxiety symptoms in cognitively normal older adults. Higher brain amyloid beta burden is linked to increasing anxiety symptoms over time.
Research at the University of Exeter found that obese individuals' fat tissue becomes distressed, scarred, and inflamed, leading to reduced energy storage and increased inflammation. This scarring can make weight loss more difficult and increase the risk of obesity-related health complications.
Tropical Cyclone Joyce made landfall along the Pilbara Coast in Western Australia, with maximum sustained winds near 45 knots. The cyclone is expected to weaken as it tracks southwest through the region, but will continue to bring heavy rainfall and gusty winds.
Professor James Hough receives the Gold Medal for his seminal contribution to gravitational waves, while Professor Robert White is awarded for a lifetime of distinguished achievement in solid Earth geophysics. The awards recognize significant achievements in astronomy and geophysics across various fields.
A new study published in Prehospital Emergency Care suggests that risk management approach can combat EMS fatigue. The guidelines recommend limiting shifts to less than 24 hours, providing access to caffeine, allowing naps while on duty, and educating personnel on fatigue risk management.
Statistical analysis suggests that supermassive black hole spin plays a role in generating high-speed jets and powerful radio waves. Nearly 8000 quasars were analyzed, with O III oxygen emissions found to be stronger in radio loud quasars, implying spin's importance.
Researchers propose a new method to solve the complex many-particle Schrödinger equation, enabling accurate electronic energies and advancing fields like drug discovery and nuclear physics. The approach merges deterministic and stochastic methods to identify key wave function components.
A new clinical trial has found that a stem cell transplant treatment can significantly improve the survival and quality of life for patients with severe scleroderma. The experimental procedure uses chemotherapy and radiation to destroy the body's malfunctioning immune system, then replaces it via a stem-cell transplant.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center discovered that specific genetic events drive distinct immune cell compositions in primary prostate tumors, dictating tumor progression and response to therapy. Profiling patients' tumors based on this new information could lead to more successful clinical trials and tailored therapies.
A systematic review of 44 studies found that frailty, depressive symptoms, and smoking are associated with postoperative complications in older patients. Interventions targeting these risk factors before surgery can improve outcomes for this population.
A nanostructured gate dielectric has improved the stability of organic thin-film transistors, allowing them to operate in ambient conditions and enabling potential applications in IoT devices and large flexible displays.
A Penn-led team discovered that midshipman fish release small amounts of calcium to sustain their muscle contractions for an hour, allowing them to produce a sustained hum. This finding sheds light on the physiology behind this extraordinary ability and may apply to other animals moving at high speeds.
Scientists have developed a new technique to map electrical circuits in the brain with unprecedented accuracy, revealing the detailed architecture of microcircuits. This breakthrough enables researchers to understand how the brain processes complex information and may lead to insights into behavior and sensory processing.
A global map of travel time to cities has been published by the European Commission Joint Research Centre, showing that over 80% of people live within one hour of a city. However, accessibility is not equally distributed across development spectrum, with lower-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa having limited access.
A study suggests that Trump's 'Muslim ban' resulted in a rare shift in public opinion, with over 30% of respondents moving against the policy after its announcement. The researchers attribute this shift to the influx of information portraying the ban as incompatible with American values and egalitarian principles.
Research estimates that asthma costs the US economy $81.9 billion per year, with 15.4 million people affected annually. The study also found significant disparities in healthcare costs between insured and uninsured individuals.
Researchers have identified new drug candidates that target multiple protein kinase families to reduce inflammation in COPD. The Narrow Spectrum Kinase Inhibitors (NSKIs) show promising anti-inflammatory effects and may constitute a breakthrough in treating advanced lung disease.
Hyperreactive brain networks may contribute to the hypersensitivity of fibromyalgia. Researchers found that patients with fibromyalgia have brain networks primed for rapid responses to minor changes, leading to explosive synchronization.
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommends a preseason conditioning program and familiarity with equipment maintenance to reduce the risk of bone and joint injuries. Skiers are more likely to experience lower extremity injuries, while snowboarders are more likely to suffer upper extremity injuries due to falls.
A new epidemiological study of US data found no significant connection between glyphosate use and cancer incidence, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The results suggest caution regarding possible associations with acute myeloid leukemia.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev develop a technique to detect when a drone is capturing video of a person's location without their consent. The method uses controlled physical changes to modulate data transmitted on the FPV channel, allowing victims to prove privacy invasion attacks were committed.
A new study provides a model for accurately measuring HIV mortality rates in Zambia, which is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. The study found that mortality is substantially underreported in routine data, with some provinces showing mortality rates up to 23-fold higher than reported.
A team of researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg discovered the role of a special hormone in regulating plant growth at high temperatures. The findings, published in Current Biology, may help breed plants stable even at high temperatures and produce sufficient yields.
Researchers analyzed immune cells of children with flu symptoms and found that previous exposures to viruses influence the immune response. The study identified changes in key immune pathways that may lead to better therapies for young patients with acute respiratory tract infections.
A new study by Kaiser Permanente found that nearly a quarter of children and teens screened for blood pressure showed elevated readings, but less than half were correctly classified. The research emphasizes the need for a second reading when the first result is high to accurately diagnose hypertension in pediatric care.
A new study found that genetic variations in the CYP2C19 enzyme affect escitalopram levels, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes when doses are adjusted accordingly. The research identified a significant difference between patients with high and low enzyme expression, highlighting the potential for personalized medicine.
Researchers found that digital technology empowers women to discuss new sexual practices and use aids, embracing their previously hidden desires. Women also appreciate the online anonymity offered by personal computers and smartphones, making them more comfortable exploring erotic material.
Researchers found a significant increase in lifetime prevalence of mood disorders among individuals with focal epilepsy, but not generalized epilepsy. The study suggests a shared genetic susceptibility to these conditions, specifically expressed in people with focal epilepsy.
Researchers found that flowering plants' small cell size is made possible by a greatly reduced genome size, allowing for faster rates of water transport and carbon dioxide uptake. This discovery explains the rapid spread of flowering plants across the globe and their unparalleled success in ecosystems.
Researchers have discovered that brain cells in the hippocampus process spatial information about both oneself and others. This 'buddy system' allows for joint location awareness, enabling rats to track each other's movements through a maze. The findings extend our understanding of the hippocampus' role as the brain's positioning system.
A recent study by the University of Bonn found that fast food can make the immune system more aggressive in the long term. Even after switching to a healthy diet, inflammation remains higher, potentially leading to diseases like arteriosclerosis and diabetes.
A recent study by National Centre for Biological Sciences reveals that high traffic roads and densely populated urban areas hinder tiger movement in Central India. Simulations show that protected corridors delimited by the NTCA can mitigate this impact, highlighting the need for informed development plans that consider biodiversity and...
A new study found that restaurant and bar smoking bans significantly reduce smoking among college graduates, particularly in areas where the bans are comprehensive. Additionally, lower-income smokers are more likely to attempt to quit after a ban is implemented, but may need additional support for successful cessation.
The study reveals a statistically significant increase in overall and casino gambling participation among Massachusetts residents. Notably, only 49.4% of individuals who were problem or pathological gamblers in Wave 1 remained in this category in Wave 2, with many transitioning to recreational or at-risk gambling categories.
Researchers have identified 18 new species of pelican spiders in Madagascar, known for their unique biology and hunting behavior. The discovery sheds light on the island's biodiversity and emphasizes the need to conserve its shrinking forests and unique species.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new ceramic material that combines the benefits of white graphene with calcium-silicates. The resulting composite has improved strength, toughness, and thermal conductivity, making it suitable for high-performance applications in construction, nuclear power plants, aerospace, and more.
Researchers discovered that dengue virus takes over an accordion-shaped structure within host cells to produce proteins, while avoiding the larger fluid-filled space of the cell. This subtle approach allows the virus to reproduce tens of thousands of times without triggering the body's defenses.
A new emergency department program has been developed to reduce hospitalizations for older adults, with a focus on geriatric transitional care. The program, launched in 2013, has reduced hospital admissions among patients aged 65 and older by 33%, according to a recent study.
A Mediterranean diet emphasizing plant-based foods may help keep people healthy and independent as they age. The analysis of published studies suggests that adherence to a Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of frailty in older individuals.
Astronomers have identified benzonitrile, a specific aromatic molecule, in a cold molecular cloud of the Taurus region using radio spectroscopy. This finding provides insights into the composition of interstellar material and its potential incorporation into new stars and planets.
A research team led by Elena Monte discovered that proteins acting sequentially in the plant internal clock limit growth until nightfall. The CDF5 gene induces stem growth just before dawn, regulated by PIF and PRR clock proteins.
Researchers analyzed scientific connections of leading scholars, including Harry Eugene Stanley and Edward Witten, to understand modern scientific cooperation. They used Erdos numbers to visualize the flow of ideas in graphs, revealing a self-organization resulting from power law dynamics in these networks.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified a type of white blood cell that regulates the gut fungal population and protects against harmful fungi. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms leading to ASCA generation, suggesting patients with certain gene variants may benefit from antifungal therapy.
Researchers at UC are studying the genetic development of spider eyes to find opportunities for research into human visual challenges. They found that spiders evolved from simple compound eyes to complex eyes over a short period of 50 million years, and that they use similar genetic pathways to build their eyes as insects do.
Research suggests that different bacterial strains can provoke varied immune responses in humans, contradicting previous studies that used a single strain. This variability is contributed by viruses infecting the bacteria, and may help predict disease outcomes and tailor treatment.
Water-saving measures in California have led to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and electricity consumption. The study found that the decrease in water usage translated into a substantial electricity saving, equivalent to 1,830 gigawatt hours.
Researchers aim to enhance qualitative techniques like interviews and focus groups to improve conservation research. The special issue provides a checklist for scientists to follow and encourages collaboration across disciplines.
A recent spike in homicide rates across the nation doesn't tell the whole story. According to a new UT Dallas study, long-term factors like segregation and poverty play a more significant role in increases than short-term fluctuations. The study found that most cities' homicide rates have remained relatively stable over time.
A new study found that both type 2 and type 1 diabetes are associated with complications during pregnancy, including stillbirths, emergency Caesarean sections, and infant mortality. The research also found a significant increase in high birth weight and preterm delivery among babies born to mothers with diabetes.
RAS molecules act in pairs, known as dimers, to cause cancer and transmit signals that tell a cell to grow and divide. The study provides a foundation for further studies on RAS biology and could potentially pave the way to develop new cancer drugs.