The sugarcane genome has been sequenced using a novel method that leverages colinearity with the sorghum genome, enabling molecular screening techniques for breeding and biomass production. The reference sequence obtained is of high quality, revolutionizing genomic and genetic approaches for sugarcane species.
De Gruyter integrates Code Ocean's computational reproducibility platform across its journals, enabling authors to share working code and readers to reproduce results. This partnership advances transparency and decision-making in academia and industries.
A University of Montana ecology professor and researchers have tracked shifting North American habitats to identify climate corridors. The study found routes along north-south trending passes and mountain ranges, which are often circuitous and poorly captured by existing conservation strategies.
A combination treatment has safely enhanced the ability of the immune system to fight infections in the elderly, reducing their incidence by a year. The treatment, which inhibits TORC1 protein complex, showed improved immune response towards seasonal influenza vaccine, paving the way for therapies targeting infectious diseases.
The discovery of a Cambrian-age banded iron formation in western China pushes back the timeline for iron-rich seawater conditions by millions of years. This finding supports the presence of oxygen-enriched environments, which were previously believed to limit complex life evolution.
Scientists discovered spectacled cormorant fossils in Japan dating back 120,000 years, indicating the bird's previously believed limited range was incorrect. Climate changes and human activity may have contributed to the species' extinction, with more research needed on its biological aspects.
A research coordination network is being developed to improve understanding of intermittent rivers' ecology and hydrology. The network, led by OU biologist Daniel Allen, will synthesize existing data on US intermittent rivers to study their structure and function.
Researchers decipher how plants evolve recognition systems to prevent self-fertilization, leading to genetic diversity in nature. The study found that new mating types can evolve through different pathways and are influenced by population demographics and mutation rates.
A Massachusetts-based study found that opioid overdose events decreased during pregnancy but increased in the postpartum period, particularly when fewer resources were available to mothers with substance use disorder. The research team developed a unique dataset linking statewide resources and found that women with opioid use disorder ...
Researchers have sequenced the genome of a tiny fern species, Azolla filiculoides, which has been found to have significant environmental applications. The fern's unique gene provides insect resistance and can be used as a sustainable fertilizer, while its symbiotic relationship with cyanobacteria allows for nitrogen fixation.
Researchers at UC San Diego have found that axon geometry is crucial in information flow, with a 'refraction ratio' of 0.92 indicating optimal balance between signal latency and refractory period. This discovery has implications for understanding neurological disorders like autism and developing more brain-like artificial neural networks.
Snort production is significantly associated with positive situations and internal states in horses, suggesting a potential tool for improving animal welfare practices. Horses living in naturalistic conditions emit more snorts than those in restricted environments.
Tiny nano-sized crystals of salt can store digital information using light, offering a promising alternative to traditional magnetic and solid-state data storage. The technology demonstrates rewritable data storage in crystals that are hundreds of times smaller than visible to the human eye.
EPFL researchers use Scanning Tunneling Microscopy to demonstrate the stability of a holmium single-atom magnet in extreme conditions. They achieve record-breaking coercivity and show that these atoms can withstand high temperatures without demagnetizing.
Researchers have discovered that chemicals used in flame retardants can be broken down into more toxic compounds in birds, including bald eagles. The study found that these metabolites can accumulate in the eggs of bald eagles, potentially affecting their reproduction and overall health.
Researchers from MSU and RIKEN Nishina Center discovered eight new rare isotopes of elements phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, argon, potassium, scandium, and calcium. Calcium-60 is the heaviest known calcium atom with 20 protons and 40 neutrons.
A recent study found that approximately 75% of black adults and 40% of white women are likely to develop high blood pressure by the age of 55. Lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthy diet and exercising regularly, can significantly reduce the risk of high blood pressure.
A large-scale study confirms pesticides negatively affect bee learning and memory abilities, even at field-realistic dosages. Bees exposed to pesticides are less likely to learn and memorize rewarding scents.
Researchers found that the elephant-nose fish generates negative images to filter out its own electrical interference, enabling it to better detect external signals and navigate its environment. This ability was demonstrated through neural recordings and behavioral experiments.
A study by Purdue University researchers found that Airbnb generates significant tourism activity in predominantly white neighborhoods, but has little impact on black and Hispanic areas. The study analyzed over 3.5 million Yelp reviews and employment data to determine the economic spillover effect of Airbnb on local restaurants.
Researchers found Ebola survivors in Sierra Leone suffered from a range of neurological disorders, including migraines and stroke. The study suggests that these patients require specialist support and treatment to manage their symptoms.
The new guidelines will dramatically increase the number of people with hypertension, especially in China, where over half of those aged 45-75 years will be considered hypertensive. This could lead to a significant increase in treatment numbers, with up to 130 million untreated patients in China.
Hurricane Chris strengthened into a hurricane on July 10 with maximum sustained winds near 100 mph, bringing heavy rainfall to Newfoundland, Canada. The storm's eye was visible in an infrared image captured by NASA's Aqua satellite, revealing cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers found that people in the US seek abortion medications online due to barriers to clinical care, such as high costs and restrictive laws. The study also highlights the need for trusted online options to provide safe and effective medication abortion.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that different mutations in the PIK3CA gene drive glioblastoma growth, but not a single targeted drug. However, combination therapies show promise, particularly with buparlisib and selumetinib.
Researchers at OIST have created a new sensor design using hollow glass bubbles to detect tiny particles, increasing sensitivity and efficacy. This technology has potential applications in detecting toxic molecules in water and blood-borne viruses in rural areas.
A recent study found that only 27% of US lawmakers seek research from universities, instead opting for advocacy groups, state agencies, and their own staff. This suggests a disconnect between policymakers' needs for relevant information and the types of research produced by academic institutions.
A CAMH study reveals that people with schizophrenia have a disrupted stress response, differing from those at high risk for psychosis or healthy individuals. This discovery may provide clues into preventing schizophrenia.
A new clinical trial will assess the impact of high-dose omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D supplementation on halting type 1 diabetes progression. The POSEIDON Study aims to reduce inflammation, increase insulin secretion, and promote a potential cure for this autoimmune disease.
The cosmological constant was first introduced by Einstein in 1917 to make the static universe model work. However, after the discovery of cosmic expansion, it became marginalized until recent observations and experiments revived its relevance as a key component of dark energy theory.
A new study found that the quality of LDL particles is a significant cardiovascular risk factor, with aggregation-prone LDL linked to increased risk of death. Improvements in LDL quality have been shown to be possible through cholesterol-lowering medication or healthy diet, offering new hope for cardiovascular disease prevention.
Researchers find two opposing kinases regulating circadian clock, one stabilizing key protein PER2 and the other promoting its degradation. This discovery provides new targets for treating circadian disorders.
A study at McGill University found that just 15 minutes of exercise increases brain connectivity and efficiency, leading to better long-term retention of new motor skills. The research suggests that this optimal brain state can be accelerated through exercise and may have implications for recovery from stroke or injury.
A new study by Osaka University provides crucial evidence for the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic autoimmune disease. The research highlights the importance of type I interferon in SLE development and suggests that targeting this protein may lead to more effective treatments.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that solos are twice as likely to appear in sad songs, with legato articulation and quiet dynamics being key predictors of this occurrence. This finding provides insight into the creative choices composers make when crafting emotional music.
A study at Queen Mary University of London has identified genetic mutations that occur early in the development of bowel cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These mutations could form the basis of a simple diagnostic test for predicting who is at high risk of developing IBD-associated colorectal cancer.
Adults with uncontrolled asthma have a moderately increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation, an irregular heart rhythm. Researchers are unsure of the underlying causes for this association and urge further investigation.
Researchers have discovered ancient tools in China that date back to 2.12 million years ago, challenging the long-held assumption that early humans left Africa at this time. The findings indicate that early human ancestors colonized East Asia over two million years ago.
The study demonstrates an interaction between a qubit and surface acoustic waves in the quantum regime, enabling an alternative approach to quantum computer design. This allows for smaller, more stable, and compact quantum computers without the limitations of microwave radiation.
Physicists develop mathematical formula to approximate magnetic field circulation around a closed path or loop, based on Biot-Savart's law. The study provides a new approach to evaluate the effects of magnetic fields on human health and prevent exposure.
Researchers found that coating fertilizer with maleic-itaconic polymers (MIPs) slows down urease activity, improving nitrogen availability for plants. The study suggests farmers have a choice depending on their soil's acidity, offering a potential solution to increase crop yields and reduce environmental impact.
Researchers at NIAID developed a 3D model of the 1918 H1 pandemic influenza virus using cryo-electron microscopy. The study found that VLPs are mostly composed of hemagglutinin proteins, influencing vaccine efficacy.
A new study by IRB Barcelona researchers reveals that myeloid cells use p38 protein signalling to support inflammation-associated colon cancer. The study suggests IGF-1 as a potential therapeutic target in combination with prior detection of inflammatory infiltration in biopsies.
A study published in Neurology found that higher blood pressure in later life is associated with signs of brain aging and brain lesions, including infarcts and tangles linked to Alzheimer's disease. The risk of brain lesions increases by 46% for those with one standard deviation above the average systolic blood pressure.
A new study found no significant link between dairy fats and heart disease or stroke, contradicting long-held dietary guidelines. Certain types of dairy fat may even lower the risk of severe stroke, according to researchers at UTHealth.
Sekar Kathiresan receives the 2018 Curt Stern Award for his groundbreaking work identifying genetic factors underlying cardiovascular disease risk. His research has led to the development of medicines that mimic protective mutations, reducing heart attack risk.
A new study published in Frontiers in Pediatrics found that habitually barefoot children are noticeably better at jumping and balancing compared to habitually shod children. The researchers also suggest that physical education classes and exercise programs could benefit from including barefoot activities.
A new study published in the European Respiratory Journal found that healthy diets with high consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain cereals are characterised by better asthma outcomes. Men who ate healthier diets had a 30% lower chance of experiencing asthma symptoms.
Researchers found that evolutionary changes occur deep in the fly brain, in a small cluster of neurons controlling mating behavior. The study overturned long-held beliefs about how evolution ensures animals perpetuate their species.
Researchers at The University of Montana are investigating the bacterium that causes Lyme disease using $449,998 in NIH funding. They will explore the regulatory mechanisms of Borrelia burgdorferi to improve diagnostic and treatment strategies for the disease.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that worker honey bees select royal subfamilies, not their own supersisters, to raise as emergency queens. This suggests that 'the good of the hive' overpowers individual genetic selfishness.
Researchers use drones to remotely photograph wilderness areas, then analyze images using object recognition software and verified by humans. The AI system learns to distinguish wildlife from inanimate features, making it possible to cover vast areas economically.
Climate change is projected to severely hinder conservation efforts for the Nassau grouper and other Caribbean Reef fish. Breeding habitats are expected to decline by 82% by 2100 if no action is taken to mitigate climate change.
Researchers at Osaka University have clarified the cellular mechanism behind left-right asymmetric organ morphogenesis using live imaging and computer simulations. The team discovered that 'cell sliding' is essential for this process, which may lead to breakthroughs in regenerating organs with tubular structures.
A major new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that a hepatitis C vaccine would significantly reduce transmission among injecting drug users, even if it doesn't provide complete sterilizing immunity. The study estimated that the risk of transmission could decrease to between 1 and 25 percent with vaccination.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed engineered cancer cells that can home in on and destroy tumors using CRISPR technology. The treatment shows promise in preclinical models across multiple types of cancer, establishing a potential roadmap for clinical translation.
Researchers at Kumamoto University identified optimal PEF conditions for increasing cell membrane permeability to calcium. The study found that larger electric fields produced high calcium intake rates, while smaller fields showed undetectable intake rates initially followed by increased rates.
A study of 34,000 patients found nearly 1 in 4 used preoperative opioids, linked to age, tobacco use, illicit drug use, pain severity and depression. Identifying these patients can inform effective pain management plans for complex patient populations.
Teenagers who participate in high-intensity exercise have lower blood pressure, which may lead to a reduced risk of developing heart disease later in life. The study found that post-exercise hypotension was more pronounced in vigorous intensity exercise than moderate intensity exercise.
A study from Lawson Research Institute and Western University found that patients experienced lasting improvements in managing symptoms, academics, work performance, and relationships. Patients credited a collaborative partnership with their care provider for keeping them engaged in treatment.