Researchers at the University of Alberta developed a machine-learning algorithm to analyze brain function images and predict schizophrenia diagnosis with 78% accuracy. The model also identified patients who would respond positively to antipsychotic treatment risperidone with 82% accuracy.
Astronomers have identified a blazar, TXS 0506+056, as the probable source of a high-energy neutrino detected by IceCube. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) provided clues about the blazar's radio emission.
Researchers have found that the left hemisphere of the brain processes auditory speech information more rapidly than the right, thanks to a higher number of densely packed neurites in planum temporale. This microstructure is crucial for linguistic superiority.
Scientists developed a neural network device using nanomaterials, generating spontaneous spikes similar to nerve impulses of neurons. The researchers replicated brain function by utilizing molecular junctions and negative differential resistance.
A team of scientists, including a UC Riverside physicist, has imposed conditions on how dark matter interacts with ordinary matter. The study sets constraints that can aid in detecting the elusive dark matter particle and better understand its fundamental properties.
Researchers have developed nanomaterial-based white LEDs with a record luminous efficiency of 105 lumens per watt, promising a promising energy-efficient lighting source for homes and offices. The new LEDs use commercially available blue LEDs combined with flexible lenses filled with quantum dots to create white light.
Researchers at Oregon State University solved a longstanding puzzle concerning kinesins, tiny motors that interact with microtubules inside cells. By altering the design of these motor proteins, scientists can develop new cancer therapies by targeting specific waist regions.
A study of NCAA Division I college athletes found that those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were more susceptible to experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety following a concussion. Athletes with ADHD and a history of concussion had significantly higher scores on tests measuring anxiety and depression.
An international team of scientists has found evidence of a far-distant source of high-energy particles called neutrinos, an energetic galaxy about 4 billion light years from Earth. The discovery was made using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and confirms that this galaxy is a cosmic ray accelerator.
Carolyn B. Murray, a professor of psychology at UCR, has been awarded the 2018 Dr. William Montague Cobb award for her research and activism addressing health disparities in African American communities. She will receive the honor on July 16 at the Annual NAACP Convention.
Researchers from the University of Leicester played a key role in discovering the origin of 'ghost particles' - high-energy neutrinos and cosmic rays. A global network helped identify a known blazar as the source of these particles, providing new insights into the universe's most distant energy sources.
Checkpoint inhibitors have been shown to double median survival and more than double four-year survival rates for patients with melanoma brain metastases. The study analyzed data from over 1,500 cancer programs, revealing a significant improvement in overall survival.
The remnants of former Tropical Storm Beryl are still affecting the Bahamas before moving northeastward, with a low chance of re-formation over the next two days. Environmental conditions may favor some development by the weekend as the system interacts with a strong upper-level trough.
Researchers in Japan have developed a new method to produce functional platelets from human induced pluripotent stem cells using turbulence, enabling clinical-scale production. The discovery has the potential to address the shortage of platelets and reduce reliance on blood donations.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission observed intense bands of precipitation wrapping around the eastern side of intensifying tropical storm Chris. Rainfall rates reached over 123 mm per hour in strong convective storms east of Chris' forming eye.
A study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found a strong dose-response relationship between smoking and atrial fibrillation. Smoking five to ten cigarettes per day increased the risk by 9% to 32%, respectively. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce this risk, with former smokers experiencing a lower risk th...
Researchers at Oregon State University identified a previously unknown contact zone between the northern and southern Rocky Mountain lineages of American pikas. The discovery suggests that the subspecies are interbreeding, which has important implications for conservation and management.
Researchers developed a method to detect genes under selection and found essential cancer genes and immune-exposed protein regions under significant negative selection. This challenges the exclusive role of positive selection in cancer evolution.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a new approach to create soft, porous materials with controlled porosity. By controlling the self-assembly of molecules, they were able to form an ultralight aerogel with permanent porosity, opening up potential applications in building insulation, energy storage and aerospace technologies.
Researchers found that the PGC-1α gene controls the equilibrium of bone and fat in bone marrow and affects how stem cells differentiate into bone or fat cells. Increasing PGC-1α expression may slow down bone loss and decrease bone marrow fat, suggesting a protective role in maintaining the bone-to-fat balance.
Scientists discovered that polyps of the marine hydrozoan Ectopleura larynx allow genetically unrelated individuals to fuse their bodies and share skin and stomachs. This unique behavior provides survival advantages in a competitive ocean environment.
A research team has identified DDX3, a protein involved in RNA metabolism, as a key factor promoting arenavirus multiplication. The study may pave the way to new therapeutic treatments for arenaviruses and hemorrhagic fever, which currently have no effective treatment.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking method for producing complex proteins, known as glycoproteins, in a cell-free system. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize personalized medicine by allowing for rapid and sustainable production of tailored protein medicines. The new approach uses a simplified reaction scheme tha...
Researchers from the University of Guelph found that climate warming-induced advances in treeline movement may be halted by unsuitable soils, hindering plant growth. This discovery is important for preserving individual species or entire ecosystems.
A new study from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that about half of parents talked on a cell phone while driving with their children between ages 4 and 10. The study also identified correlations between cell phone use and other risky driving behaviors, such as not wearing a seat belt or driving under the influence. Researcher...
A study published in PLOS ONE used citizen scientist data to track exposure to tick-borne diseases, identifying 83 counties with previously unknown disease-carrying bacteria. The research highlights the importance of early detection and understanding how diseases spread.
Researchers using NSF's IceCube Neutrino Observatory data confirmed a single neutrino's origin as a previously known blazar, providing the first definitive evidence of proton acceleration by black holes. This discovery sheds light on cosmic ray origins and supports multi-messenger astronomy.
A study published in BMC Zoology found that ant soldiers have smaller brain sizes than workers despite being larger, as their tasks place less cognitive demand. This suggests that investment in brain development may be reduced for individuals with simpler behaviors.
A Kyoto University study reveals that turbulence enhances platelet generation in the blood, potentially resolving global shortages of these cells. The discovery could enable mass production of platelets using iPS cell technology.
Researchers developed a technique to measure drug-target engagement in individual cancer cells, revealing variation in effectiveness between cells within a tumour. The findings could help clinicians choose the best course and delivery of treatment for cancer patients, improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a strong, durable concrete that uses fly ash as a binder and eliminates the use of environmentally intensive cement. This new concrete reduces energy demand and greenhouse emissions by utilizing coal waste and significantly lowering its environmental impact.
A new University of Delaware study examines the effect of repetitive head impacts on balance. The researchers found that players who headed the ball more frequently experienced subtle balance problems when tested with vestibular stimulation.
The discovery provides evidence for a known blazar as a source of high-energy neutrinos detected by the National Science Foundation-supported IceCube observatory. The observations resolve a century-old mystery about what creates and launches cosmic rays, which are highly energetic particles that continuously rain down on Earth from space.
Researchers have developed a family of metal-free ferroelectric perovskites offering non-toxic and mechanically flexible properties for future soft robotic and biomedical devices. One organic compound exhibits ferroelectric traits similar to inorganic BTO, enabling environmentally friendly applications.
A breakthrough in the search for cosmic particle accelerators has been made by tracing a single neutrino back to a galaxy over three billion light years away. The discovery was made using an internationally organized astronomical dragnet and confirms that high-energy cosmic rays are produced in cosmic particle accelerators.
Researchers developed a technique to quickly teach robots novel traversal behaviors with minimal human oversight, enabling autonomous navigation in environments. The goal is to provide reliable robot teammates to the Soldier, allowing for faster task completion and enhanced situational awareness.
A new study by Vanderbilt University found that opioid treatment programs in Appalachian states have limited capacity, with only 50% accepting insurance. Pregnant women are particularly excluded, with shorter wait times only when accepted to treatment programs.
Recent studies suggest a potential relationship between air pollution and infertility, menstrual irregularity, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis. Researchers emphasize the need for further exploration of these findings to support policy guidelines on air pollution and human health.
Researchers have developed a theory to create electron flashes within zeptosecond timeframes, potentially increasing nuclear reaction energy yield. This breakthrough could advance fields like spectroscopy and quantum information processing.
A new study in mice, rats, and humans reveals that longer waiting periods for rewards strengthen a sunk cost bias, causing individuals to be less willing to give up pursuit of the reward. The researchers discuss three possible explanations for this phenomenon, which may help improve decision-making.
A Penn State economist is leading a three-year study on innovation in rural communities, focusing on how to support rural entrepreneurs. The researchers aim to capture data on overlooked innovations and explore connections between innovation and export capacity.
The American Cancer Society and NFL have awarded $3.2 million in grant funding to address breast cancer disparities among women of color. The grants will support timely access to follow-up care and high-quality breast cancer screening for underserved women.
A systematic review analyzing the effects of walnut consumption on cardiovascular risk factors reveals significantly greater reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B compared to control diets. Walnut-enriched diets resulted in no adverse effects on body weight or blood pressure.
A study published in Clinical Nutrition found that heavy drinking causes uncontrolled iron absorption, leading to health issues like heart attacks and liver disease. Iron loading was significantly higher in drinkers than non-drinkers, predicting increased mortality rates.
Researchers identify structural and functional differences in human cGAS that set it apart from other mammals, enabling its unique immune-sensing capabilities. The discovery informs the design of precision cancer therapies by targeting the protein's specific structural features.
A nationwide investigation utilizing citizen science highlights the value of public participation in tick-borne disease research. The study found ticks capable of carrying Lyme and other diseases in 83 counties where they had not been previously recorded.
A 15-year study found that people who eat at least one serving of oranges daily have a 60% reduced risk of developing late macular degeneration. Flavonoids in oranges appear to help prevent against the eye disease.
A research group led by IceCube scientist Elisa Resconi provides evidence that the particles detected by the IceCube neutrino telescope originate from a galaxy four billion light-years away. The team used open access archive data to examine a 1.33-degree sky region around the position of the high-energy neutrino, and found only one bla...
Researchers at UMD developed an alert system that enabled telescopes worldwide to pinpoint the source of high-energy cosmic neutrinos. The evidence points to a supermassive black hole, dubbed a blazar, as the most likely accelerator of these particles.
Checkpoint inhibitors improve median and four-year overall survival rates for melanoma brain metastasis patients by 1.4- and 1.5-fold, respectively, according to a national cohort study published in Cancer Immunology Research.
An international study estimates that rising sea levels will endanger UK salt marshes by 2100, with southern and eastern England facing a high risk of loss by 2040. The study uses geological records to predict the vulnerability of these ecosystems, highlighting the urgent need for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers update IDCs list, highlighting their critical roles in NTD research and epidemic preparedness. Countries like Brazil, Turkey, and China demonstrate higher prioritization on NTDs research.
A study published in EMBO Reports reveals that the Maged1 gene plays a key role in controlling addictive behavior. Researchers found that mice lacking the gene are unresponsive to cocaine and exhibit reduced dopamine release, indicating a promising new entry point for understanding drug addiction mechanisms.
A study by the University of Helsinki found that science fiction enthusiasts are more likely to approve of mind upload technology, with traditional religiousness and disgust sensitivity to sexual matters linked to negative reactions. The research also explored moral psychology perspectives on the technology.
Researchers found that microorganisms within Siberian plants have medicinal and antimicrobial properties, potentially leading to the development of new drugs for serious diseases. The study's authors believe these properties can also be used to stimulate plant growth or protect them from diseases.
Researchers found that supplementing mitofusion 2 protein could prevent nerve degeneration, muscle atrophy, and paralysis in a mouse model of Lou Gehrig's disease. The study suggests this approach may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the disease.
A recent study maps the global trade routes for lobster, revealing that a growing number of nations are acting as middlemen, making it difficult to trace seafood origins and anticipate market demand changes. The Asian market, particularly China, appears to be significantly larger than previously thought, putting Maine's industry at risk.
Researchers at Texas Tech University have created a simple method to clean out pollen grains, making them suitable for carrying medicines or vaccines. The new technique works on various types of pollen and can be used to deliver drugs or vaccines efficiently.
New research highlights the critical impact of invasive rats on coral reef ecosystems, leading to severe ecological harm. Rat eradication is proposed as a high conservation priority to restore seabird-derived nutrient subsidies, benefiting terrestrial ecosystems and coral reefs.
A University of Birmingham study found that GPs have improved diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation, preventing 7,000 strokes annually. The proportion of patients prescribed anticoagulants increased from 35% to 75% between 2000 and 2016.