Scientists developed a new machine learning method that can make accurate predictions for all possible conditions governed by the same physical dynamics. The method provides simple and interpretable descriptions of underlying physics, allowing for safer robot operation.
A study found that high opioid doses and concurrent sedative use are key risk factors for fatal opioid overdose among Medicaid patients. The research identified chronic pain, medical diagnoses associated with addiction, and mental health disorders as additional risk factors.
Scientists at Washington University discovered that activating only 10% of VIP neurons can rapidly shift a mouse's daily schedule. The study suggests that VIP neurons produce vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, an essential compound for synchronizing daily rhythms.
Researchers found that sodium nitroprusside prevented behavioral alterations associated with schizophrenia in rats, suggesting a potential preventive treatment for young people at risk. The study used an animal model that mimics the condition in children and adolescents considered at risk for development of the disease in adulthood.
A team of researchers at the University of Iowa designed a web-based game called MapTrek that motivates people to get up and exercise more. The study found that participants who played the game increased their daily steps by about 2,200 per day, which is close to walking one mile.
Marine species in the eastern Bering Sea are trailing behind climate change, potentially increasing their vulnerability to future fluctuations. The study highlights the importance of incorporating species-specific sensitivity to climate variation when predicting rates of range shifts.
Astronomers at the IceCube Observatory have detected a high-energy neutrino from a flaring supermassive black hole in the constellation Orion, marking a new era in space research. The detection is believed to be generated by the blazar TXS 0506+056, which was identified as a possible counterpart to the neutrino event.
An analysis of Ashley Madison user data found that conservative voters were more likely to use an adultery dating website, while liberal Democrats were least likely. The study, published in Springer's Archives of Sexual Behavior, suggests a discrepancy between reported and actual behavior on sexual matters.
A new population study in Sweden has found that genetic heritage is the dominant factor when it comes to heart failure in families. The study, led by Magnus Lindgren, found a 45% higher risk of heart failure in adoptees with at least one biological parent suffering from the condition.
A new Northwestern Medicine study identified a trigger for some fibrotic diseases and an experimental compound to treat it. The compound, T53, reversed abnormality in three different mouse models of fibrosis, suggesting a novel approach to treat the disease.
Scientists have discovered that mammalian embryos use two spindles to keep parental chromosomes separate during the first cell division. This finding may help explain high error rates in early developmental stages and has potential implications for human infertility treatment.
Researchers from Technical University of Munich have determined the cosmic origin of highest-energy neutrinos, finding they emanate from a galaxy four billion light-years away. The team used open access archive data and specialized software to rule out other origins, confirming blazar TXS 0506+056 as the source.
Researchers at Rutgers University have developed star-shaped gold nanoparticles that can produce hydrogen from water over four times more efficiently than other methods. The breakthrough uses visible and infrared light to excite electrons in the gold nanoparticles, which then catalyze the reaction.
Financial incentive programs created critical waterbird habitat in the Central Valley of California during severe droughts. Satellite data revealed a 61% increase in flooded rice fields and up to 100% of available habitat created by these programs.
An international team identified the source object of an ultra-high energy neutrino using the Subaru Telescope and OISTER network in collaboration with the IceCube experiment. The source, TXS 0506+056, is a blazer emitting radiation as it spirals into a supermassive black hole.
Researchers at Tohoku University have identified a key gene responsible for deepwater rice's ability to thrive in flood conditions. The SD1 gene enables the plant to increase its height and accumulate ethylene, allowing it to ride out lengthy floods.
A study found that direct oral anticoagulants increase the risk of bleeding in patients with chronic kidney disease, highlighting the need for caution in their prescription. The findings suggest a higher risk of bleeding events compared to conventional anticoagulant warfarin use.
Researchers found two opsin variants in the retina of flashlight fish, activated by low-intensity blue light, which influences behavioral responses. The study suggests that bioluminescence is processed and used to adjust behavior in this species.
A new study estimates that 92% of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older use eyeglasses for distance or near vision correction. Researchers found sociodemographic differences between those who used eyeglasses, shedding light on potential implications of policy changes regarding eyeglass coverage.
A new study reveals that hospitals have limited control over late readmissions, which are often caused by patient access issues and end-of-life concerns. The findings suggest a need for improved coordination between hospitals and outpatient clinics to prevent readmissions.
A new study by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation identifies communities at risk of dying from snakebites. The analysis reveals regions and nations with limited access to treatment and healthcare, highlighting the need for greater measures to support countries in implementing snakebite prevention and treatment programs.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully delivered nano-size packets of genetic code called microRNAs to treat human brain tumors implanted in mice. The contents of the super-small containers were designed to target cancer stem cells, a kind of cellular
Using Hawaii-based telescopes, scientists have identified TXS 0506+056 as a known blazar source of high-energy neutrinos. The discovery uses a combination of ground and space-based observatories to pinpoint the source's location.
A new study identifies the SD1 gene as responsible for the deepwater rice adaptation, which enables plants to rapidly grow taller to keep above floodwaters. This discovery highlights the intrinsic complexity of plant adaptation strategies and could offer solutions for breeding modern rice varieties to cope with climate change.
Researchers discovered a blazar, a giant elliptical galaxy with a massive black hole, is the source of high-energy cosmic neutrinos detected by IceCube Observatory. The discovery resolves a century-old mystery about what creates and propels cosmic rays.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University developed a new method for producing medical therapeutic proteins by eliminating SlyD/SlyX genes in E. coli strains, reducing contamination and increasing purification efficiency. The approach enables the production of a wide range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins in a pure form.
Researchers discovered a blazar, TXS 0506+056, producing high-energy neutrinos in multiple bursts, confirming the source of previously detected astrophysical neutrinos. The 'flaring state' observations were made when the neutrino signal arrived in September 2017, with bright emission across multiple wavelengths.
Researchers found at least one rhesus gammaherpesvirus in all but one tumor, with RLCV associated with cancer risk and RFHV levels increasing over time. The study suggests that gammaherpesviruses contribute to tumor development in SIV/SHIV-infected macaques.
New research found that moving fish farms away from seagrass meadows can boost their growth and health. The study, led by the University of Plymouth, showed that seagrass limits increased at a rate of 1.2-9cm per year in areas with reduced fish farming impact.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have published a detailed map of structural variations in breast cancer cells, revealing 20,000 genetic errors that disrupt cell growth and cause cancer's hallmark. The study sheds light on how cancer cells rapidly evolve and provides valuable insights for future research and clinical practice.
A new study published in Educational Review found that grammar schools do not promote social mobility for disadvantaged pupils. The study shows that the likelihood of attending a grammar school varies widely depending on local authority and social background.
The VERITAS array confirmed detection of gamma rays from a supermassive black hole, potentially the first astrophysical source of high-energy cosmic neutrinos. This discovery may shed light on the acceleration mechanisms that create cosmic rays.
Researchers discovered graphene's 'transparency' in controlling water evaporation by adjusting wetting angles. The coating accelerates evaporation on hydrophobic surfaces and suppresses it on hydrophilic ones, leading to changes in the evaporation rate.
A new study found that LGBQ teens are more likely to use dangerous substances, including heroin, hallucinogens, and methamphetamines. The survey also showed elevated risks for alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana use among LGBQ teens compared to their heterosexual peers.
A recent study sequenced the genome of a Pacific tidepool crustacean and found that mitochondrial genes differ widely between populations. Hybrid offspring suffer from lowered fitness due to incompatibility. The research suggests that rapid mitochondrial evolution may be an early stage of one species becoming multiple species.
Researchers developed an imaging technique to assess immune system changes in monkeys infected with a simian form of HIV. The study revealed that CD4+ T-cell levels in tissues vary from blood levels, challenging the notion of the gut as a major target for SIV infection.
A new study reveals that patients and families are often uncomfortable speaking up about care concerns in ICU settings, with hesitation being the most common reason. The findings highlight the need for explicit support to enable patients and families to voice their concerns, leading to improved patient safety.
Researchers found that short-sleeping fruit fly mutants are sensitive to acute oxidative stress, supporting the idea that sleep defends against oxidative damage. The study suggests a bi-directional relationship between sleep and oxidative stress, with sleep helping to reduce oxidative stress and vice versa.
A new study found that intensive care patients are unable to effectively use fats for energy, contributing to significant muscle loss. This inability is likely due to widespread muscle inflammation in the early days of intensive care, making nutrition and exercise programmes less effective.
Dr. Guofei Gu's research team analyzed 10,000 mobile apps and found widespread inconsistencies in web API implementations that can lead to attacks compromising user security and privacy. The WARDroid framework uses static analysis and HTTP request monitoring to identify vulnerabilities.
A Drexel University astrophysicist and her colleagues have proven the origin of high-energy particles called neutrinos, revealing they come from blazars with spinning supermassive black holes. This discovery opens up new avenues for understanding the universe's formation and evolution.
Researchers at CHOP developed a new method to determine which premature infants should be screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which leads to blindness in 400-600 US infants each year. The criteria were highly sensitive and accurate, reducing the number of premature infants who would require examinations by 30.3%.
A new study by Portland State University found that higher-than-acceptable levels of pollutants remain in urbanized regions of South Korea's Han River basin, particularly in suburban areas. The research suggests that land management practices, such as afforestation and conservation, can help improve water quality.
Dr. Christopher Basler and his team will study Reston ebolavirus (Reston virus), a virus that resembles Ebola but does not cause disease in humans. They aim to better understand the virus's mechanisms of replication, animal disease severity, and potential ways to reduce its deadly effects.
Researchers analyzed the stomach contents of the world's oldest naturally preserved ice mummy and found a remarkably high proportion of fat in his diet. The analysis also revealed wild meat from ibex and red deer, cereals, and traces of toxic bracken, providing insights into ancient dietary habits and food preparation.
Researchers propose using gravitational waves to estimate the Hubble constant and measure the rate of the expanding universe. By detecting gravitational waves from rare black hole-neutron star binary systems, scientists can obtain an independent and precise measurement of their distance and velocity.
A new clinical trial has found that 92.9% of women with two or three sites of cancer in a single breast can undergo breast-conserving surgery, replacing mastectomy as the preferred treatment option for this condition.
An international collaboration sequenced and analyzed the genome of Chara braunii, a freshwater green alga closely related to land plants. The study identified key genes that originated in a common ancestor shared by Chara and land plants, revealing that some important plant functions evolved before land plants existed.
Researchers have identified a human protein, DDX3, that is exploited by arenaviruses to promote viral growth and evade the immune system. This discovery suggests DDX3 could serve as a potential target for new anti-arenavirus strategies.
Researchers from the University of Basel and IBM Research - Zurich have developed a technique that allows electrical contact to individual molecules to be established. Thousands of stable metal-molecule-metal components can be produced simultaneously by depositing a film of nanoparticles onto the molecules.
The IUPUI 360 Dust Analysis project offers free testing of household dust contaminants, including lead and chromium, which can be tracked inside or blown in from outside. Participants receive detailed information about their dust and suggestions to mitigate any health risks.
Researchers from the University of Basel discovered a 2,000-year-old medical document from late antiquity with an unknown text from Roman physician Galen. The Basel papyrus collection comprises five languages and was likely written by Galen.
The VERITAS array has confirmed the detection of high-energy gamma rays from a supermassive black hole located in a distant galaxy, TXS 0506+056. This detection is significant as it provides evidence that nearby and faraway galaxies with supermassive blackholes at their centers are actively creating high-energy cosmic rays.
A study of European mothers has identified a gene involved in steroid signaling as a potential factor in early birth. Mutations in the HSPA1L gene are rare but may disrupt proper functioning of cells lining the uterus, leading to preterm labor.
Researchers at Colorado State University have developed a new model that quantifies the vulnerability of communities to fire spread. The AGNI-NAR model assesses the risk of fires spreading to homes and groups of homes, providing practical guidance for urban planners and emergency managers.
A study by Erol Akçay found that certain types of social networks can lead to cooperation's collapse, even in groups where most individuals are cooperators. This happens when individuals make random connections, triggering a decline in the overall cooperative nature of the network.
A recent study suggests that some level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be essential to health and development, contrary to the common assumption that they are harmful. The research, led by Purdue University's Daniel Suter, found that inhibiting an enzyme producing ROS in zebrafish embryos resulted in developmental complications.
A UK-US post-Brexit trade deal could lead to increased drug prices in the UK, compromising the NHS's affordability and accessibility. The authors argue that the US's targeting of 'foreign free-riding' could result in a poor deal on pharmaceuticals for the UK.
A recent study reveals that a massive influx of freshwater into the North Atlantic led to intensive glacier melting in the North Pacific, thousands of kilometers away. This process highlights the alarming consequences of modern ocean warming on polar ice sheets and sea level rise.
A team of University of Alabama professors, led by Dr. Marcos Santander, have discovered evidence of an active galaxy emitting neutrinos, which could revolutionize our understanding of the universe. The findings were published in the journal Science and mark a significant breakthrough in multimessenger astronomy.