A study by psychologists at the University of Illinois found that focusing on contextual details of emotional memories can improve cognitive performance and reduce negative effects. By shifting focus away from emotion and toward context, individuals can redirect brain resources to tasks and process memories more deeply.
A new study finds that human disturbance is causing mammals to become more nocturnal, with animals increasing their nighttime activity by up to 68% in response. The shift is consistent across species and types of human disturbance, suggesting a widespread impact on wildlife behavior.
Researchers have developed a new approach to detect quakes by measuring optical phase changes in oceanic fiber optic cables triggered by seismic waves. This method can effectively detect quake activity and parameters, even in regions where seismic monitoring has been limited.
A new study confirms helmets are effective in protecting skiers and snowboarders from some head injuries, but found no significant reduction in the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) or concussion. Helmet use was associated with a lower risk of non-head injuries, suggesting that helmet users take less risk.
Researchers identified a new subtype of prostate cancer characterized by loss of the CDK12 gene, which was found to be more common in metastatic cases. Tumors with this alteration were responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, a type of immunotherapy treatment.
A study at Summit Health found that nearly all hospital room checklist surfaces passed testing for biological residues, but markers and erasers tested positive for ATP. The findings emphasize the need for accurate checklists to include frequently touched items like writing instruments.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University will develop autonomous controls for stitching in dynamic circumstances and with different types of tissues. The project aims to improve robotic surgical assistance, particularly in rural regions where skilled surgeons are scarce.
A recent study found that climate change is causing fish species to migrate across national boundaries, leading to new conflicts over fisheries resources. The researchers suggest implementing flexible arrangements for trading fishing permits or quotas across international borders to avoid these disputes.
Researchers at Princeton University have improved a proteomics method to accurately count proteins in cells under different circumstances. The new approach, TMTc+, uses a combination of cell sample preparation and computer algorithm changes to provide superior measurement accuracy and precision compared to existing methods.
Scientists discovered a yeast species that randomly translates DNA codons as either serine or leucine, breaking the universal genetic code. This unique trait has been retained for 100 million years and may provide benefits in rare occasions.
A Europe-wide study found that over 95% of people reported seeing litter when visiting the coast, leading to higher concern and willingness to change behavior. The primary causes of marine litter were attributed to plastic use, human behavior, and single-use plastics.
Researchers at FAU have successfully developed proteins that function like a shuttle to release medication directly in the body where it's needed. This breakthrough could enable targeted and tissue-specific administration of medication in future, potentially lowering doses and reducing side effects.
A large international study found that higher circulating vitamin D concentrations are significantly associated with lower colorectal cancer risk. Optimal vitamin D concentrations for colorectal cancer prevention may be higher than current recommendations.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute discovered that a small region of non-coding DNA, enhancer 13, boosts SOX9 protein production to trigger testes development in male mice. This finding could help explain why some humans with XY chromosomes develop female sex organs due to missing genetic material.
In Tanzania, trichiasis surgery patients often refuse treatment because they believe the recovery period is long. However, studies show that the recovery time is actually short, typically a few days. A new study found that educating community health workers about the procedure reduced refusals and increased knowledge about the surgery.
A recent study published in Psychiatric Services journal found nearly 24% of behavioral-related admissions in children and adolescents are complicated by suicidality or self-harm. The study emphasizes the importance of considering both physical and mental health needs for vulnerable youth.
A new study by University of Utah professor Jacqueline M. Chen found that observers categorize black-white multiracial individuals as non-white, influenced by a powerful minority bias. This phenomenon has significant implications for multiracial individuals' social experiences and race relations in the US.
Researchers discovered that Kapβ2, a nuclear localization signal, plays a crucial role in transporting the FUS protein into the nucleus. The study found that when this system fails, FUS proteins aggregate and form toxic droplets, contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like familial ALS.
A study of 90 C-section deliveries found that prior C-sections, smoking, illicit drug use, and higher BMI increased the likelihood of developing a C-section infection. The majority of infections were caused by common commensal organisms like Staphylococcus species and Escherichia coli.
Scientists have developed a novel explosive material with improved performance, replacing toxic TNT. The new molecule, bis-oxadiazole, boasts increased energy and has been shown to be melt-castable.
Neuroscientists from Caltech have discovered neurons in the human brain that respond when targets are spotted, revealing insights into how we perform visual searches. The study found two distinct populations of neurons in the medial temporal lobe, one recognizing objects based on appearance and another focusing on goal-directed relevance.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine discovered that flavored electronic cigarettes contain additives that can decrease blood flow and increase inflammation in blood vessels, similar to combustible cigarettes. The study's findings suggest a potential link between flavored e-cigarette use and cardiovascular disease.
A new study published in Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy demonstrates that pharmacist-delivered home medication management review services effectively resolve treatment-related problems for patients with chronic health conditions. The intervention service resulted in a significant reduction of treatment-related problems,...
Researchers have uncovered five new species of snail-eating snakes with peculiar dining habits, which are considered endangered or vulnerable due to habitat destruction. The study presents a new evolutionary tree for the diverse group of snail eaters in Central and South America.
Researchers propose that small dust clouds can partially obscure the innermost regions of AGNs, causing changes in light emissions. This explanation resolves long-standing puzzles in astrophysics.
Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University have identified gold nanoparticles in two plant species, B. nivea and E. Canadensis, collected from their natural environments. The particles were found to be similar in characteristics to artificial ones, suggesting they may have been absorbed through plant pores directly.
Researchers found that different neuronal types can acquire similar features using distinct mechanisms, shedding light on how complex brain tissue forms. This discovery enhances our understanding of brain cell development and holds potential for medical advancements, such as cell replacement therapy.
A study found that parents of adolescents believe the potential to prevent certain types of cancer is the most persuasive reason for their children to receive the HPV vaccine. The researchers evaluated 11 reasons healthcare providers typically give for HPV vaccination and ranked them according to their persuasiveness.
A phase II clinical study of baricitinib demonstrated significant clinical improvements in SLE patients, while a randomized controlled trial showed the live attenuated shingles vaccine was well-tolerated and effective in preventing infection in stable SLE patients.
Researchers discovered that Caribbean rock mantis shrimp specifically target the most fragile regions of snail shells to gain access. They can adapt their strategy based on the shell's shape and size.
A population study shows that individuals with AS are almost twice as likely to self-harm compared to their comparators. The most frequent method of self-harm is poisoning or self-mutilation. This study highlights the need for routine evaluation of self-harm behavior in patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis.
A rapid test can distinguish infants with a specific genetic change from those without it, allowing tailored prescribing and preventing antibiotic-related deafness. The test uses a cheek swab and can produce results in around 40 minutes.
A University of Michigan study found that few perinatal parent educational programs cater to fathers, hindering their involvement in pregnancy and childbirth decisions. However, some father-inclusive programs showed positive effects on father involvement, co-parenting relationships, and mental health.
Mass losses in Antarctic Ice Sheet have increased globally sea levels by 7.6 mm since 1992, with West Antarctica experiencing largest change. The study, published in Nature, combined satellite surveys and gravitational data to produce the most complete picture of ice sheet change.
Researchers identify essential switch AMPK that activates mitophagy in leukemia stem cells, offering potential new treatments for acute myeloid leukemia. Without AMPK, LSCs are stressed to death, highlighting the need for targeted therapies.
The Youth-R-Coach program, presented at EULAR 2018, enables young people with rheumatic or musculoskeletal diseases to become 'experts-by-experience' and provide insights into living with chronic illness. Participants develop self-written books based on their personal experiences to act as a source of support for peers.
A study has identified genetic variants associated with an increased risk of developing pediatric nephrotic syndrome, a debilitating kidney disease in children. The findings could lead to new diagnostics and treatments.
A new study found that a pattern of genetic changes in prostate tumours can predict which men are likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The research identified a distinct group of men with advanced prostate cancer whose tumours have biological features that make them responsive to immunotherapy drugs.
Researchers at Mainz University Medical Center identified an enzyme responsible for vascular damage caused by aircraft noise. The study found that night-time noise has a particularly harmful effect on vessels and brain, and suggest that protecting night-time sleep from noise is crucial.
Researchers found that glutamine is not a primary fuel for NK cells, but rather glucose. This discovery has significant implications for cancer therapies under development by pharmaceutical companies.
Scientists from FAU are investigating a novel approach to storing solar energy in a single molecule, enabling the creation of an 'energy-storing solar cell'. The research focuses on the use of norbornadiene-quadricyclane storage system and intramolecular reactions to store and release electrical energy efficiently.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a technique to engineer graphene electrodes with low impedance and transparency. This allows for simultaneous recording of neuronal activity and high-quality imaging of brain cell activity in transgenic mice. The technology brings graphene electrodes closer to being adapted into next-generation bra...
Magnetic vortex structures enable high-performance magnetic sensors with improved sensitivity and integration, reducing interference signals and noise. Researchers redesigned the transducer element to align atomic magnetic dipoles in a circular pattern, leading to direct changes in electrical resistance.
A recent study confirms the effectiveness of water fluoridation in preventing dental caries among US children and adolescents. The analysis found that counties with over 75% access to fluoridated drinking water experienced a 30-40% reduction in dental caries, particularly in primary teeth.
The Synodos for NF2 consortium published its first set of results, showing that drug combination therapies are effective in treating schwannomas and meningiomas. The team integrated innovative research approaches to analyze gene and protein expression, finding that different drugs are likely needed to treat these two tumor types.
Tropical Storm 07W formed near Kadena Air Base on Okinawa, Japan. It is moving northeast at 23mph with maximum sustained winds of 40mph.
The 2018 class of Pew-Stewart scholars is revolutionizing cancer research with promising opportunities to advance treatment, including immunotherapies and responses to these therapies. Their work will open doors to new lines of attack against cancer, addressing unexplored leads in the scientific quest to beat the disease.
A new UM study reveals that ornamental bromeliad plants contribute to the breeding of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, a key culprit behind vector-borne diseases like Zika. The study found that water retained in bromeliads' leaf axils becomes breeding sites for mosquitoes.
Florida Atlantic University has received a $2.8 million grant from HRSA to recruit and prepare nursing students and registered nurses to provide full-scope primary care services in community-based settings. The project aims to address health disparities and promote health equity in rural and underserved populations.
A University of Washington study found that specialized tutoring can change brain connections and improve reading performance. After eight weeks, neural circuitry strengthened in struggling readers, leading to improved reading skills.
A massive world-wide study of dry riverbeds has found they're contributing more carbon emissions than previously thought. The contribution of intermittent rivers and streams to the process of carbon cycling is largely ignored, but new data suggests this may be higher than initially estimated.
A large-scale genetic study has identified 161 genetic factors contributing to the development of myopia, a condition affecting millions worldwide. The findings suggest that insufficient sunlight triggers myopia by altering the shape of the eye.
A new study published in the Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization found that corruption is lower in countries where a greater share of parliamentarians are women. The likelihood of having to bribe is also lower in regions with a greater representation of women in local-level politics.
A large observational study found that middle-to-older aged women who are naturally early to bed and rise have a significantly lower risk of developing depression. After accounting for environmental factors, the study shows a modest link between chronotype and depression risk.
Researchers discovered that rewriting long-term traumatic memories involves the activity of specific neurons in the brain's dentate gyrus. This finding supports the use of exposure-based therapy as a effective treatment for PTSD and other trauma-related disorders.
A clinical trial testing an experimental RSV vaccine is underway at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. The study aims to examine the safety and immune response of the vaccine, with the goal of protecting vulnerable populations such as infants, young children, and older adults from severe illness.
A new gene therapy has been shown to restore hand function in rats with spinal cord injuries by breaking down scar tissue and allowing nerve cell regeneration. The therapy uses a 'stealth gene' switch that can be turned on and off, providing a safeguard and paving the way for human trials.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a method to transmit quantum states deterministically over short distances, paving the way for more efficient and secure quantum computing and cryptography. The transmission rate reaches 80% fidelity, enabling entanglement creation between qubits up to 50,000 times per second.
Scientists from Institut Pasteur and partners have developed a cellular test to verify the safety of live vaccines like yellow fever vaccine. The 3D culture model, BBB-Minibrain, detects rare mutant particles with neuroinvasive properties, paving the way for reduced animal testing in quality control.
A study found that daily text messages to remind patients to take allopurinol significantly improved adherence rates and serum urate levels in gout patients. After 12 weeks, 88.1% of intervention group patients were considered adherent, compared to none in the control group.