Dechen Lin receives grant funding to research esophageal adenocarcinoma, the most common type of esophageal cancer in the US. He aims to understand its evolution from Barrett's esophagus and develop prevention strategies.
Didik Prasetyo, a Rutgers doctoral student, is dedicated to understanding and protecting endangered great apes through his research. His recent study estimates that over 100,000 Bornean orangutans have been lost between 1999 and 2015, highlighting the urgent need for conservation action.
Researchers at the University of Bonn used ultrashort laser pulses to create a highly reactive variant of carbon dioxide, which can form new bonds with other molecules. This breakthrough has the potential to change ideas about extracting and using greenhouse gases for chemical industry.
A study shows preverbal infants can make logical deductions by conducting process of elimination, as seen in toddlers. Infants stare longer at unexpected outcomes and their pupils dilate when watching movies requiring rational thinking.
A special focus issue of Therapeutic Delivery explores emerging concepts and advances in nanotechnology for drug delivery, covering topics such as lipoprotein nanoparticles and micro- and nanomotors. The issue aims to emphasize the importance and challenges facing this field.
A Northwestern University team has developed a new hair dye using graphene that is non-toxic and non-damaging to hair. The dye works as well as commercial permanent dyes without chemically altering hairs, and it also offers anti-static properties.
David A. Bennett's work in memory loss research has led to significant advancements in treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. The study's findings are shared globally to develop therapy and identify resilience characteristics.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Lipidology found that omega-3 levels were better predictors of death risk than serum cholesterol. The study showed a 33% reduction in mortality risk among participants with highest omega-3 blood levels, indicating a potential marker for overall health.
Tropical cyclone Eliakim is intensifying in the Indian Ocean, with NASA's GPM satellite monitoring its formation. The storm is expected to bring heavy rainfall and potentially devastating flooding to northern Madagascar, following recent tropical cyclones Ava and Dumazile.
Researchers use optogenetic methods to control songbird neurons, prompting birds to change specific syllables in their songs. The study provides insight into how the brain guides the learning of vocal behaviors in humans.
A new special issue of the European Journal of Internal Medicine presents a comprehensive overview of current evidence for medical cannabis and derived products. The studies highlight its effectiveness in pain relief and potential benefits for elderly patients, calling for further research to improve the evidence base.
A new study by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute found that an eight-week treatment regimen for hepatitis C may be just as effective as a 12-week course in black patients. The study suggests that more people could take advantage of the shorter treatment duration, benefiting access and reducing costs.
A study of Black Americans found that participant factors such as knowledge of kidney disease and spiritual/religious beliefs, as well as logistical factors like convenience and awareness of scheduling, were identified as barriers to screening. The research aims to guide efforts to address important kidney-related disparities in the US.
Researchers at KIT used high-resolution microscopy to observe the growth of mold fungi in living cells, gaining a comprehensive model for directed cell growth. The study reveals the role of vesicle transport in polar growth and has implications for understanding fungal growth and its applications.
Improved methods for capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood have been developed, enabling the accurate tracking of treatment response and potential screening for cancer. Researchers were able to identify large numbers of CTCs in cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy.
Researchers investigated how people curate their social image on the web using game theory. They found that people are willing to pay to filter out unfavorable information from their online profiles.
A team of researchers at IST Austria found that the specialized ion channels in PV+-BCs neurons are gated to optimize both fast signalling and energy efficiency. This discovery resolves a major contradiction about how these neurons generate signals, finding that they are more energy-efficient than previously thought.
Researchers discovered a protein, GDV1, that triggers the switch to gametocyte production in malaria parasites. This could lead to new therapies and tools for controlling malaria transmission.
A team of researchers at NIST developed a new laser source, called frequency combs, to detect chemicals with greater sensitivity. These lasers can pass through samples without direct contact, enabling remote spectroscopy and high-sensitivity measurements for applications such as breath analyzers, cancer detection, and explosives tracking.
A study published in Circulation Journal identified four microRNA molecules in the bloodstream that could predict the onset of atrial fibrillation. The researchers found that these microRNAs were significantly upregulated in the serum of patients with AF and diseased mice, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for disease.
Researchers have developed a graphene-based hair dye that adheres to the surface of hair, forming a coating resistant to at least 30 washes without chemicals. This coating also dissipates static electricity, eliminating flyaways.
Researchers at DZNE found unstable activity in a key spatial navigation area of older adults' brains, leading to navigational difficulties. This may open up new ways for detecting Alzheimer's disease and designing therapies against age-related cognitive decline.
Research from Imperial College London found that girls who start puberty earlier are more likely to be overweight as adults. The study used genetic variants to investigate the causal link between early puberty and body mass index (BMI) in women, suggesting that early puberty itself is a risk factor for obesity.
Scientists have developed a way to stabilize proteins outside of their native environments, creating mats that can trap chemical pollution. The research demonstrates a unique path toward exploiting protein power in synthetic systems.
Researchers discovered that Chlamydia trachomatis proteins interact with host cell proteins to regulate the bacterium's exit from infected cells via lysis or membrane-bound package. Calcium ion signaling plays a crucial role in this process, and disruptions to this pathway significantly inhibit extrusion.
A new study aims to understand how poverty affects cognitive processes and learning in disadvantaged children between birth and age 2. The research seeks to identify experiences that may improve long-term outcomes for these children.
Researchers at EMBL have unraveled the molecular basis of a major antibiotic resistance transfer mechanism and developed molecules to block its movement. This could help control the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria, including those that are part of our normal microbiome.
Patients with urological cancers, such as prostate and bladder cancer, are five times more likely to commit suicide than the general population. The study found that severe psychological stress is a major side-effect of cancer diagnosis and treatment, leading to higher rates of depression, PTSD, and suicidal intent in this patient group.
A study published in Environmental Research Letters found that a 1.5C temperature increase could lead to the permanent inundation of lands home to about 5 million people by 2150. The research team used global tide gauges and sea level projection frameworks to explore differences in storm surge events across three scenarios.
A new UC Santa Barbara-led study found that ending overfishing can promote population recoveries for many endangered species caught incidentally as bycatch. In about half the cases, overexploiting these mammals, turtles and birds occurs because we're also overexploiting the target species.
Researchers found that genetically improving inhibitory interneurons and transplanting them into the brain of a mouse model with Alzheimer's disease can restore brain rhythms and cognition. This approach could lead to new treatment options for patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that new mothers attended 92.7% of their babies' appointments, creating a significant window to discuss maternal health. The IMPLICIT ICC model screened for tobacco use, depression, contraception use, and multivitamin use, with notable intervention rates.
A new study published in JAMA Oncology found that higher doses of radiation therapy did not improve survival rates for patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. However, the study did show lower rates of recurrence and tumor growth in the group receiving the higher dose, which could lead to better quality of life.
Researchers developed a new model that quantifies yellow fever dynamics across Africa using seasonal climatic measures, confirming the risk varies throughout the year. The model accurately captured geographic and temporal heterogeneities in transmission and offers insights for early interventions.
A study found that adults with a history of cancer treatment exhibit higher levels of fatigue and reduced endurance compared to those without a cancer history. The researchers discovered a significant association between a history of cancer treatment and increased fatigability, particularly in older adults.
Primary school children with lower executive function skills are more likely to show increased aggression in middle childhood, including physical and relational types. The study suggests that improving executive function could reduce aggression, and training programs may be effective in achieving this.
A new study calculates a 'speed limit' for nitrate removal in streams, allowing for tailored restoration efforts to maximize its removal and protect ecosystems. The researchers found that the rate of nitrate transport by turbulence controls its removal in pristine streams, but processes within sediment prevail in polluted ones.
Researchers have discovered that Piezo channels are highly sensitive to changes in membrane voltage, which helps cells protect themselves from mechanical overstimulation. This mechanism has been found to exist in humans, mice, flies, and fish, and is even more pronounced in older species.
Researchers at the UPV/EHU develop two new methods for generating and classifying music, one based on genre classification using similar bertso melodies. These methods also enable the automatic generation of new melodies in various styles.
Researchers found that elevated methylglyoxal levels lead to insulin resistance, obesity, and high blood sugar levels in flies, challenging the conventional view of type 2 diabetes. This discovery raises questions about the molecular causes of the disease.
Cigars used for blunt-making dominate the marketplace in states where recreational marijuana is legal, with fruit-flavored and small pack sizes being particularly popular. This finding highlights the need for stricter regulations on tobacco products to reduce public health risks associated with their use.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have found that young neural stem cells store large protein aggregates in lysosomes. Clearing these aggregates rejuvenates the cells' ability to activate and makes new neurons. The study highlights the importance of maintaining precise control over protein production and disposal.
Researchers at University of Houston are working with DarkSide program to detect dark matter using weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) and liquid argon technology. The team has improved the sensitivity of their detector, DarkSide-50, by switching to low-radioactivity liquid argon.
The University of Montana has earned a $2.1 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study precision medicine targeted at Native peoples. Dr. Erica Woodahl will lead the project, which aims to build on existing community and university partnerships with tribal communities in Alaska and Montana.
Two new clinical trials are enrolling volunteers to test an experimental H7N9 influenza vaccine candidate in the US. The Phase 2 studies will evaluate different dosages and vaccination schedules of the inactivated vaccine, as well as an adjuvant to boost immune responses.
Researchers at UCLA have created a new method for targeted gene delivery using 'nanospears,' which can enable safer, faster and more cost-effective gene therapies. The nanostructures are biodegradable and can be mass-produced inexpensively, delivering genetic information with minimal impact on cell viability and metabolism.
Researchers discovered a hidden caricature of Michelangelo in a sketch of Vittoria Colonna, which may help analyze the artist's physical appearance at the time. The self-portrait, leaning forward at an acute angle, is believed to have served as a signature by Michelangelo.
Scientists used mass spectrometry to analyze proteins in beer at three stages of production, revealing over 200 unique proteins from barley and yeast. The study aims to understand how these proteins control beer's properties and potentially improve brewing techniques.
A study from the University of Waterloo found that 39% of students in Alberta and Ontario eat breakfast fewer than three days a week, with 48.5% skipping breakfast nationwide. The study highlights the need for improved social awareness and economic support for breakfast programs to reach their full potential.
A study by University of Leicester researchers has identified distinct biological variations in lung tissue samples that can help differentiate between mild and moderate/severe asthma. The findings may lead to the development of targeted treatments for specific subtypes of asthma, improving patient care.
Researchers found that altering Cdk5 activity made the brains of flies appear genetically older and their bodies to be about 20 days old. The study suggests that neurodegenerative disorders may accelerate the aging process, leading to earlier death and cognitive decline in affected individuals.
A recent study by researchers sheds light on the hidden health risks of elevated lead levels in private wells. The team found that even newer, 'lead-free' pipes can contain a small amount of lead that leaches into water, posing a risk to those consuming it.
Researchers found that obesity and inflammation promote resistance to anti-VEGF therapy in breast cancer. Blocking specific molecules like IL-6 or FGF-2 may overcome this resistance and improve treatment response.
Researchers found no relationship between a candidate's voice pitch and their leadership ability, contrary to previous findings that voters tend to favor lower-voiced candidates.
The Juno mission has discovered that Jupiter's atmospheric bands extend thousands of miles into the planet's atmosphere, with winds speeds as great as 220 miles per hour. This finding challenges previous understanding of giant planets and reveals a complex structure beneath the cloud layer.
Scientists solved the mystery of purple lights in the sky using data from citizen scientists, satellites and researchers. The discovery provides insight into Earth's magnetic field and its interaction with charged particles in space.
A new study has developed a method to recover high-quality polymers from mixed-plastic electronics waste, providing an environmentally friendly solution for recycling. The process uses a solvent called NMP, which releases vapors only when heated above 180 degrees Celsius, and can be reused multiple times.
Researchers at OHSU discovered the tumor microenvironment's impact on breast cancer cell growth and response to treatment. The study found that targeting resistance factors from the microenvironment could improve clinical outcomes for patients treated with HER2-targeted drugs.
Researchers found that people closely watch lip movement and shape when perceiving speech, with subtle distinctions between vowel sounds suffering without these cues. The study's findings have implications for designing more intelligible avatars and improving communication devices for the hearing impaired.
A University of Melbourne study reveals that one in four Americans report chemical sensitivity, with nearly half experiencing severe health problems. The research found a significant increase in diagnosed cases of Multiple Chemical Sensitivities, affecting an estimated 55 million adults.