Researchers discovered that aging reduces sensitivity to light in the brain's circadian rhythm control center, affecting the SCN's ability to set a stable circadian rhythm. This structural change in the glutamate receptor impairs its function, contributing to age-related disruptions in sleep patterns and overall wellbeing.
Researchers found two compounds effective in prolonging lifespan and protecting against brain damage in animal models of mitochondrial disease. These findings suggest that N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E may be viable leads for clinical trials to treat mitochondrial disease, which has no proven effective treatments.
A study published in JAMA Network found that deaths due to most infectious diseases decreased in the US over a 34-year period. However, significant variations in mortality rates were observed across different counties, with lower respiratory infections and HIV/AIDS being major contributors to these disparities.
African swine fever virus may survive in feed ingredients, posing a significant risk to the U.S. swine industry. Researchers are working to understand this risk and develop mitigation tools to prevent the virus from being introduced through feed.
The American Geriatrics Society recognizes Drs John Burton and George Drach for their long-standing commitment to improving geriatric care and education. Through their work, they have helped develop educational programs and researcher career development awards, promoting geriatric expertise across specialties.
Dr. Heather E. Whitson, a leading geriatrics researcher and clinician, will deliver a plenary presentation at the #AGS18 Annual Scientific Meeting. Her work focuses on improving care delivery systems to serve older adults with complex health needs.
Researchers have developed a new device that uses fluorescence to detect ions and identify the product of a rare radioactive decay called neutrinoless double-beta decay. The discovery could provide insight into the nature of the neutrino, which may offer an explanation for the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
A recent study found that high levels of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) can harm coral reefs by causing stress and accelerating bioerosion. However, when SGD is at low levels, corals can actually thrive on the reef, suggesting a potential solution to mitigate reef degradation in urban areas like Maunalua Bay.
A new study by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center team has calculated how 'Oumuamua fits into our understanding of planetary system development. The object, a fresh perspective on planetary formation, was likely ejected from a distant star system and is helping scientists constrain planet formation models.
Researchers have designed molecular perovskite-based energetic materials with improved explosive performances, including high detonation heat, velocity, and pressure. The new materials also exhibit increased thermal stability and low impact sensitivity, making them suitable for military devices and civil industry.
Researchers have found that a synthetic pheromone can lure beetles to concentrate on tamarisk bushes, doubling the die-back of the plants. This method is more precise and lower-cost than traditional methods like herbicides and mechanical removal.
A team of researchers has identified a previously unknown feature of human anatomy, revealing layers of the body as interconnected, fluid-filled compartments. This discovery has significant implications for understanding organ function, disease progression, and the development of new diagnostic tools.
Unstable atomic nuclei like Helium-8 and Lithium-8 can be investigated through beta decay and detection of decay products. The author discusses available experimental data and models applied to 'exotic' nuclei, revealing unresolved puzzles in the connection between microscopic structure and observable quantities.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the underlying biology behind pulmonary hypertension. By studying endothelial cells, they discovered that KLF15 protects these cells from damage caused by low oxygen levels, which can lead to blood vessel damage and progression of the disease.
Researchers discovered that people who are self-conscious in public may feel more embarrassed when watching ads with embarrassing content. However, adopting an observer's perspective can reduce feelings of embarrassment and increase willingness to take action. The study suggests devising strategies to overcome embarrassment avoidance i...
A team of researchers will create decision-support tools to help beekeepers and land managers maintain pollinator populations. The tools will assess landscape factors, predict bee health, and provide information on flowering plant species.
Researchers found that a football coach's extreme overconfidence has a positive influence on the team's result. The study analyzed the behavior of coaches in the Russian Football Premier League and concluded that high levels of charisma associated with overconfidence can motivate players, leading to better team performance.
Researchers developed a machine-learning algorithm that identifies relevant degrees of freedom in physical systems, revolutionizing the field. The approach provides fundamental physical insight and raises the prospect of combining human creativity with machine learning.
A new study reveals that diarrheal diseases are becoming a major public health concern in the US, with rates increasing substantially between 1980 and 2014. Diarrheal disease deaths were ranked as the second-leading cause of all infectious disease mortality, behind lower respiratory infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis.
Researchers detected tDCS-generated electric fields (EFs) deep in the brain using DBS electrodes in patients with Parkinson's disease. The study provided dose-dependent and montage-specific evidence that scalp-applied current penetrates the brain, challenging previous assumptions.
The BIABooster device characterizes DNA in blood circulation with new precision and sensitivity, identifying promising signatures for cancer monitoring. It has been shown to detect DNA up to a concentration of 10 fg/μL with precisions of 20% and 3%.
Research articles explore associations between comorbidities, symptoms, and patient-rated health in heart failure patients. Patterns of multimorbidity were identified, with poorer clinical outcomes observed in certain groups, highlighting the need for comprehensive approaches in phenotyping patients with heart failure.
Researchers found that economic profit is the main motivation behind salvage logging in protected areas, despite warnings about its harm to biodiversity and regeneration capacity. Salvage logging should be banned from protected areas unless necessary for safety reasons, according to ecologists.
A new study found that e-liquid ingredients can vary widely in toxicity, with some being more toxic than nicotine alone and propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin. The researchers developed a system to rapidly evaluate e-liquid toxicity using plastic plates with tiny wells containing human cells exposed to different e-liquids.
Astronomers have detected an Earth-sized planet with a density similar to Mercury's, located 260 million light years away. K2-229b orbits a medium-sized active star and reaches temperatures of over 2000°C.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas have developed a high-powered, environmentally safe lithium-sulfur substitute that could drastically lengthen battery life. The new technology improves stability and power density, making lithium-sulfur batteries more commercially viable.
Tropical Cyclone Iris is being torn apart by strong wind shear, resulting in fragmented areas of thunderstorms and potential for heavy rainfall. The storm is weakening rapidly due to cooler waters and stronger vertical wind shear, expected to dissipate in the next day or two.
A recent study found that less than 13% of individuals born between 1945 and 1965 have undergone HCV screening. The researchers also noted a significant disparity in HCV screening rates among different ethnic groups, with Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks receiving lower rates of screening.
A study by University of Sheffield researchers found that honeybee colonies follow the same laws as the human brain when making collective decisions, including Pieron's Law, Hick's Law, and Weber's Law. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of human behavior and cognition.
Researchers applied new technological approaches to study the iconic Neandertal skeleton, identifying fossil remains, pathological conditions, and confirming deliberate burial. The study sheds new light on Neandertal anatomy, behavior, and cultural practices.
A low-cost, open-source 3D bioprinter has been developed by Carnegie Mellon University researchers, allowing users to print large-scale artificial human tissue with high resolution. The bioprinter, which costs under $500, is a significant cost reduction compared to existing commercial machines.
A study found that symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and conduct disorder are associated with increased errors in a driving simulator and self-reported risky driving behaviors in adolescents. Researchers suggest that understanding mental health factors can help reduce risky driving behaviors among novice teen drivers.
Dr. Jane Potter, MD, AGSF, is honored with the 2018 Dennis W. Jahnigen Award for advancing education for thousands of health professionals in geriatrics. Her work has shaped the education of many clinicians trained in recent decades.
A new pre-clinical study suggests that combining PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with CD27 antibodies may lead to improved immune responses against cancer cells. The combination treatment showed up to 60% protection from cancer, compared to 10% with single treatments.
A study found that 65% of emergency department physicians underestimated their opioid prescription rates, but rates decreased after they saw their actual data. The researchers believe this change was due to the shock of seeing the reality of their actions versus their perceptions, priming them to make a change.
Researchers developed a new screening technique to evaluate e-liquid toxicity, finding that some ingredients are more toxic than others. The study suggests that even small doses of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin can significantly reduce cell growth rates, highlighting the need for further regulation of e-liquid ingredients.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have found that HDAC inhibitors can suppress proliferation and induce programmed cell death in ovarian cancer cells with ARID1A gene mutations. This new treatment approach has therapeutic potential, slowing tumor growth and improving survival rates in mouse models.
Researchers from NREL have pinpointed regions on enzymes that can be targeted via genetic engineering to break down cellulose faster. The team has gained a better understanding of the structure-activity relationships of these enzymes, which are crucial for industrial processes such as cellulosic ethanol production.
NASA analyzed satellite data to calculate Tropical Cyclone Nora's heavy rainfall in Queensland, revealing over 433 mm of rain in the Gulf of Carpentaria. The analysis also indicated significant precipitation along Nora's track into northwestern Queensland, causing flooding and landslides.
A new system using infrared light tags monitors face-to-face interactions with fine granularity, providing a more precise understanding of social interaction. The technique can increase the effectiveness of communications coaching and support real-time feedback during interviews.
Research suggests that narcissists are more likely to engage in 'mate poaching' - making a play for someone already in a relationship - due to their traits of selfishness and arrogance. However, they don't discriminate between single and taken individuals, instead going after whoever appeals to them.
A multi-decade study found that boys who spent more time with friends as children tended to have lower blood pressure and body mass index as men in their early 30s. The association held even after accounting for other potential influences, suggesting an early protective influence of childhood friendships on physical health.
The University of Liverpool has been awarded £3m in funding to support two innovative projects focused on improving drug delivery and ophthalmic innovations. The projects aim to develop novel materials and technologies that can benefit patients with various healthcare needs.
A new study suggests that Silk Road cities had limited and monotonous diets, while nomadic communities enjoyed a diverse smorgasbord of foods. Researchers used isotopic analysis of human bones to unlock information about ancient dietary regimens.
Researchers at Osaka University found that GTSF1 is essential for regulating piRNA-mediated cleavage of target RNA, preventing retrotransposon overactivity. This mechanism safeguards the genome in male germ cells.
Researchers developed a new healthcare model to address both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular comorbidities in heart failure patients. The study found that non-cardiovascular conditions had a greater burden on patients' quality of life, highlighting the need for an individualized treatment approach.
A team of researchers has identified the gene that enables electric fish to generate high-frequency electrical discharges, a phenomenon seen only in Apteronotid fish. This discovery sheds light on the evolution and function of specialized sodium channels in these animals.
A six-year study of 24 transgender men treated with testosterone therapy found no rise in estrogen levels and a later stabilization within normal ranges. The results support the safety of testosterone therapy for transgender men without additional risks to female reproductive tissues.
Researchers at RIT are creating a smart warehouse system where forklifts and robots can communicate to optimize workload allocation and navigation. The goal is to increase productivity and safety by automating warehouse processes.
A survey of 502 individuals found that patients are more willing to undergo non-invasive dental procedures such as teeth cleaning and whitening performed by a robot. The promise of half-price dentistry increased participants' willingness to accept robotic dentistry, with only 32% opposed at full price.
A new study suggests that multidisciplinary care programs for patients with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) are likely to be cost-effective. The study estimates that such programs add 0.23 quality-adjusted life years over usual care, with a cost of $51,285 per QALY gained.
Theresa Currier Thomas has received a $1.65 million grant to study traumatic brain injury and develop more effective treatments. The research aims to understand how communication in the brain changes after an injury, with implications for cognition, sensory processing, and mental health.
Researchers compared mouse and human blood vessels using three-dimensional imaging, revealing that mice have a more robust vascular structure against lower limb ischemia. The inferior gluteal artery in mice extends further than in humans, allowing for better bypassing of obstructions.
Researchers from FAU found warning signs of mass extinction existed 700,000 years before the event, including fossil records of dying species. They also note that current global warming, ocean acidification, and oxygen lack are evident in today's biodiversity crisis.
Researchers at TU Graz have developed a novel method for creating printed tattoo electrodes that can transmit electrical impulses from human to machine. The electrodes are thin, flexible, and conformable, allowing for accurate measurements over extended periods without restricting patient mobility or comfort.
Researchers create novel drive technology that enables wheels to work together in teams, allowing for interactive support and precise control. The system uses data generated by small electric motors within the rotating wheels to make decisions without additional sensors.
A new study in mice shows that turning on a gene called LZK can stimulate the healing process after spinal cord injuries, resulting in smaller scars. This trigger has implications for treating brain conditions through gene therapy targeting astrocytes.
Archaeologists have discovered evidence of hundreds of villages in unexplored regions of the Amazon, home to diverse communities and agricultural practices. The research provides a wealth of information on the history of the Amazon, revealing that ancient populations had an impact on the environment, challenging previous assumptions.
A USU student-built experiment rocketed into space to test a new 'green' thruster technology developed by Stephen A. Whitmore. The mission aimed to determine if the thrusters' exhaust plumes contaminate spacecraft surfaces, and initial results suggest a clean burn.
Researchers have developed III-V quantum-dot lasers that can be integrated with silicon, offering significant energy savings and improved performance. The lasers can operate at higher temperatures and scale down to smaller sizes, making them promising for photonic circuits.