A nationwide study found that one in five teachers who experienced physical or verbal violence at their schools didn't report the incidents to school administrators. The study also showed that significant minorities of teachers who experienced violence also didn't tell their colleagues (14 percent) or family (24 percent).
New research reveals sections of the San Francisco Bay shoreline are sinking at rates of nearly half an inch a year. This subsidence exacerbates flooding risks from rising sea levels, increasing areas at risk from 20 to 166 square miles by 2100.
Researchers mapped gene expression levels to understand how mutations affect traits, finding non-linear relationships that aren't proportional to the level of mutation. This discovery helps improve prediction accuracy for diseases like cleft lip and palate.
Scientists at Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute have found a new mechanism by which BRCA1 can be rendered dysfunctional in Ewing sarcoma. The study reveals that the mutant oncogene produced by the fusion oncogene traps BRCA1, preventing it from repairing genetic damage.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame finds that when audit offices prioritize non-audit services due to fee pressure, audit quality suffers, leading to increased client misstatement rates and compromised financial statement accuracy.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting CDK2 protects mice and rats from noise- or drug-induced hearing loss. Kenpaullone, a CDK2 inhibitor, shows significant clinical potential in treating noise-induced hearing loss.
NASA's Aqua satellite observed Tropical Cyclone Dumazile moving through the Southern Indian Ocean with a well-defined low-level center of circulation. The satellite also captured clouds pushed south of the center due to vertical wind shear, indicating a significant threat to the cyclone's structure.
Researchers created a new type of microfluidic device using collagen-based membranes to mimic the growth of human intestinal cells. The results showed that colon cells grown on the collagen membrane were more viable and differentiated compared to those in other devices.
A £1 million funded research project at Swansea University is developing virtual qualification for high-value manufacturing. This technology uses 3D X-ray imaging to create digital replicas of components, allowing for the assessment of performance and reduction of human error. The goal is to reduce testing time from weeks to hours.
Researchers at Lund University discovered a link between a growth factor in the lymphatic system and an increased risk of heart failure. The marker, VEGF-D, affects fluid removal from the body, particularly in women.
A recent study found that patients are willing to travel up to 75 minutes longer and 5 hours longer to receive specialized cancer care with improved outcomes. Centralization of cancer surgery services can reduce variations in quality of care and improve patient health outcomes.
A study of 1213 Italian adolescents found that nearly half exceeded the American Academy of Pediatrics' recommended daily caffeine intake. Coffee was the main contributor to daily caffeine consumption, highlighting the need for awareness campaigns to reduce caffeine intake among adolescents.
Human embryonic stem cells are immortal due to a 'garbage disposal system' called the proteasome. Reducing E3-ubiquitin ligases levels does not affect their behavior, but impacts overall cell function.
A review in Journal of Psychiatric Practice recommends cognitive therapies as a favored approach to addressing trauma symptoms in human trafficking victims. Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) shows promise in treating trauma-related distress, with potential benefits including reduced feelings of guilt and shame.
A large study of Japanese adults found a significant association between higher vitamin D levels and a lower risk of overall cancer, including liver cancer. The researchers observed a reduced relative risk of around 20% for overall cancer and 30-50% for liver cancer.
A comprehensive survey of 2,279 graduate students found that they are more than six times as likely to experience depression and anxiety as the general population. The study highlights the need for mental health resources and career development programs in academia.
Researchers found that pets consuming parabens through their diet have increased exposure to diseases, such as diabetes and kidney disease. The study analyzed commercial pet food and urine samples from dogs and cats, revealing high concentrations of methyl paraben and its metabolite in both food and urine.
A new study found that low levels of L-arginine in pregnant women with malaria are associated with worse pregnancy outcomes. Supplementing these women with L-arginine may improve birth weights and viability among their babies, according to research published in Science Translational Medicine.
Researchers at UC Davis have discovered a potential strategy to combat HIV latency by modulating histone crotonylation, which regulates HIV transcription. Increasing crotonylation increased viral transcription in both cell models and patient samples, suggesting a promising approach for developing an HIV cure.
Researchers mapped battery materials with atomic precision, finding that surface structure differs from interior and optimizing performance by varying lithium-to-metal ratios. The study used advanced electron microscopy techniques to analyze cathode material structures, revealing new insights into phase transformations and capacity loss.
Brown University engineers developed a new method of measuring the stickiness of micro-scale surfaces, which could aid in designing and building micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). The technique uses thermal vibrations to calculate work of adhesion, allowing for the evaluation of material properties and surface textures.
Research found that fetal exposure to high-fat diets can lead to fatty liver development, increasing the risk of childhood obesity and metabolic diseases. The study identified microRNAs playing a role in this process, shedding light on potential strategies to combat childhood obesity.
A study found that 16.2% of dual-registered clinical trials had discrepant completion statuses, with 33.9% listed as 'completed' on ClinicalTrials.gov despite being 'ongoing' on EUCTR. This discrepancy may affect publication bias and systematic reviews.
Acupuncture may be a safe alternative to drugs for chronic pain, with moderate benefit shown in a review of 20,827 patients. However, critics argue that the evidence is insufficient and that it can be linked to better quality of life compared to usual care. Doctors should consider a more flexible approach to guideline development.
The proton battery uses a carbon electrode as a hydrogen store, coupled with a reversible fuel cell to produce electricity. It stores more energy per unit mass than commercially available lithium ion batteries and has the potential to power electric vehicles and medium-scale storage on electricity grids.
A study from Uppsala University reveals a link between ice volume, sea level changes and desertification in Eurasia. The research found that as ice volume decreased and sea levels rose, summer monsoon rainfalls intensified, while sandy deserts retreated.
Therapy animals are used in mental and physical health treatment, but lack regulation; guidelines aim to prevent misuse and misunderstanding. The new recommendations include standard terminology, clear methodologies, peak bodies, and ongoing research.
Rheumatoid arthritis patients have higher mortality rates due to complications from the disease and its treatment. Cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, including pneumonia, are major contributors to these deaths.
Brazilian researchers design a non-invasive system that identifies different stages of fruit ripening with an accuracy rate of 95%. The system uses algorithms and digital imaging to analyze the biochemical stage of fruit maturation, providing essential information for precise papaya harvesting.
Researchers have developed a new process for creating complex molecules in just a few steps, making it more efficient and environmentally friendly. The method involves C-H activation, allowing for the transformation of a single C-H bond into a functional group, enabling easy combination of two different molecules.
A new study has developed an automated approach to select and seed teams for the NCAA March Madness basketball tournaments, providing an objective and unbiased starting point. The algorithm achieved high accuracy rates, matching 24 of 38 top teams in seeding and 89.6% being within two seeds of committee rankings.
The TraP Hep C program in Iceland uses a multidisciplinary approach to find and treat early HCV cases, prioritizing those who inject drugs. By the end of 2018, the program aims to complete active treatment for all known cases in the country.
A new study by the University of Stirling found that half of Scottish adults are not confident administering CPR, with over a fifth unaware of when it is required. The study's findings suggest priority groups include those who are unemployed, in lower social grades, and elderly.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have discovered the electron transfer mechanism underlying contact electrification, a process that generates electricity through friction between surfaces. The study's findings suggest temperature plays a crucial role in the phenomenon, with performance degrading above 300°C.
A biochemical pathway in the Golgi apparatus helps cells counter oxidative stress, and researchers found it can be activated by a drug called monensin, which may protect cells against Huntington's disease.
A phase III clinical trial in Thailand tested TDF therapy against standard preventative measures, finding no significant reduction in infant infection rates. The study suggests that adding TDF may have little effect on mother-to-child transmission rates already at low levels.
New research from the University of British Columbia has found that non-smokers with oral precancerous lesions are more than twice as likely to progress to cancer compared to smokers. Oral precancerous lesions in non-smokers progressed faster to cancer than smoking-associated lesions.
Researchers discover TREM2 receptor mediates anti-amyloid toxicity, potentially preventing or reducing neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's. Boosting TREM2 levels in the brain may prevent disease progression and restore cognitive function.
A Houston Methodist researcher has made a groundbreaking discovery by sharing his recipe for making nanoparticles. The new method eliminates the need for expensive equipment and allows laboratories worldwide to produce these tiny particles. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient delivery of biotherapeutic drugs and new treatments.
A new study suggests that El Nino frequency is 300 percent more frequent in positive PDO phases and 58 percent less in negative phases. This finding could improve El Nino predictions by considering off-equatorial climate patterns.
Young women in high schools and colleges reported experiencing sexual harassment and viewing it as normative. They often disengaged from situations and didn't feel empowered to change the behavior. The researchers found a pervasive sexual double standard, where boys are rewarded for aggression and girls are shamed for agency.
Researchers at UC Davis Health have identified a new molecular target, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), that plays a major role in inflammation and airway obstruction associated with asthma. Targeting VEGFA may lead to new treatments.
A new study warns that subsidence, combined with rising sea levels, will increase the flood-risk area around San Francisco Bay by doubling it. The study found that areas at risk of inundation could be twice what had been estimated from sea level rise only.
Researchers used high-resolution functional brain imaging to study memory performance in younger and older adults. The study found that object memory is more vulnerable to age-related decline than spatial memory, with a specific region of the brain linked to this deficit.
A higher proportion of nonwhite patients were diagnosed at younger than 50 years of age compared to white patients, underscoring the need for personalized screening guidelines. The study's findings challenge the use of single age-based screening guidelines that do not account for race.
A new study suggests that smartphone addiction taps into the human need to connect with others, rooted in evolution. By turning off push notifications and setting boundaries, individuals can regain control over their smartphone use.
The study found female sex, previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack diagnosis, and increased BMI to be significant risk factors for UUI. Severe UUI symptoms may represent a distinct disease entity from milder UUI.
Researchers found that helping behavior can be more advantageous in unpredictable environments, where staying home to raise relatives can provide a survival advantage. This challenges the long-held theory of Haldane's rule, which explains why some animals prioritize their own reproduction over helping others.
A software prototype called eFeed-Hungers has been developed to divert excess food to those in need, reducing food waste in the US and India. The interactive online network allows donors to post food they have to donate and those in need to find nearby locations for pickup.
Scientists have discovered intricate storm patterns at Jupiter's poles, with eight and five storms surrounding a central cyclone in each hemisphere. This unusual arrangement challenges our understanding of atmospheric dynamics, sparking hopes for new insights into planetary weather.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have developed a new type of smart glass that is more transparent in its transparent state and more reflective in its reflective state. The panels, made from two sheets of plastic separated by a thin cavity, can switch between allowing light in and blocking it out with just the press of a button.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University create a liposomal form of porphyrazine photosensitizer to enhance targeted delivery to tumors, minimizing impact on surrounding tissues. The new formulation shows high cellular uptake and potent photoinduced toxicity, paving the way for effective photodynamic therapy.
A technology-based process significantly increased cardiac rehab referrals, reducing cardiovascular deaths and readmissions. The program provides resources for staff and patients, improving quality of life.
A new analysis found a link between weight loss surgery and an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with patients having a nearly 2-times higher likelihood of developing IBD. The mechanism behind this association is unclear, but alterations in gut microbes and vitamin D/bile salt deficiencies may play a role.
Agricultural production can lead to biodiversity loss; optimized land use can minimize this impact. Ten countries can already reduce expected biodiversity loss by one third if they follow the researchers' suggestions.
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission revealed extreme heavy rainfall in Tropical Cyclone Hola, dropping 9.5 inches per hour on the eastern edge of its low-level center. The satellite data showed convective storms reaching heights above 7.4 miles, posing a threat to Vanuatu and neighboring islands.
A study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology suggests that methylphenidate, an ADHD medication, may be subject to misuse and/or abuse. The study found inconsistent patterns of use among adult users, particularly those aged 25-49 years.
A new study found that larger hummingbirds are more fuel efficient than smaller species, thanks to their ability to increase mechanochemical efficiency. This allows them to conserve energy while maintaining hovering flight, which is a remarkable feat given the high metabolic rates required for this activity.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that young Southern white rhinos produce four distinct calls, including 'Whine', 'Snort', 'Threat', and 'Pant', which are used in different social interactions. The calls have a strong innate component, suggesting that vocal development may be an innate trait rather than learned from mothers.
Falls among older adults are a significant contributor to healthcare costs, with nonfatal falls resulting in $28.9 billion Medicare payments and fatal falls costing $754 million. Preventive strategies can help reduce these costs and improve health outcomes.
Researchers found that nonwhite women were diagnosed at younger ages and with more advanced cancers than white women. The current guidelines may not account for racial differences, leading to delayed diagnosis and potentially harmful outcomes.
A study by Mount Sinai researchers found associations between age, body mass index, substance use, and brain structure in patients with psychosis. Higher IQs were positively linked to improved brain health, while higher age, BMI, and substance use were negatively associated.
A new study reveals that working memory training with a strategy leads to rapid improvements, contradicting the idea of increased capacity. The findings suggest that task-specific strategies developed during training are key to benefits.
Researchers found that family support is a key influencer of care preferences in older adults with advanced illnesses, but also discovered that individuals often lack a clear understanding of their own preferences. The study emphasizes the importance of considering these factors when providing person-centered care.
Researchers discovered that gut bacteria play a role in brain impairment after sepsis, with certain strains associated with neuroinflammation and cognitive difficulties. The study suggests treating gut bacteria may help reduce long-term effects of critical illness.
A new study found that some types of glioblastoma tumors shed extracellular vesicles containing PDL-1, which helps them evade the immune system. The presence of PDL-1 DNA in blood samples from patients with glioblastoma may serve as a biomarker for the disease.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University develop Nano-Drops, a technology that corrects refractive errors by modifying the corneal refractive index. The treatment involves laser stamping onto the cornea to create tiny spots for nanoparticles to enhance optical power.
A new study found that warm showers and perineal exercises with a ball during childbirth can significantly lessen pain, anxiety, and stress. The interventions were shown to increase well-being hormones and are considered safe, low-cost practices that can be used as an adjuvant to medications.
A new study suggests that exercising can reduce the effectiveness of Ranolazine, a second-line therapeutic agent for angina pectoris and some inherited arrhythmias. Elevated body temperature and heart rate may decrease Ranolazine's ability to maintain healthy heart rhythms during exercise.
A team of experts from around the world collaborated to develop a program to treat bladder exstrophy in children, resulting in improved patient outcomes and long-term sustainability. The program, which includes rigorous patient follow-up and training of local surgeons, has transformed care for children born with this complex disorder.
A leading cardiologist has criticized the new hypertension guidelines, which he says could lead to more harm than benefit for certain individuals. The guidelines recommend intensive treatment for patients at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, but Dr. Robert Phillips argues that those with lower risk may face unnecessary harm.
A study led by Patrick Freund found that patients with smaller initial nerve loss have better long-term recovery. The researchers tracked microstructural changes in the spinal cord and brain after two years, predicting recovery trajectories using non-invasive neuroimaging.
A retrospective study of patients with laryngeal cancer who underwent radiation treatment found that those with low thyroid hormone levels were more likely to experience fistula formation and prolonged hospital stays. Researchers propose administering a common hormone supplement, levothyroxine, to prevent these complications.
Researchers analyzed 667 hunt management systems across US and Canadian states, identifying hallmarks of science-based management such as clear objectives, evidence use, transparency, and external review. However, only 60% of these systems met these criteria, casting doubt on the science-based nature of North American wildlife management.
A study found that trappers in Madagascar do not perceive conservation as important to their work, and the income from wildlife trade is not enough to create incentives for species and habitat protection. The research suggests that local people's engagement in biodiversity conservation needs to be better incorporated into policies.
The study developed an optical tool that can read metabolism at subcellular resolution without perturbing cells or destroying them. The method identifies specific metabolic signatures associated with diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Scientists have discovered two new species of stone centipedes in China's larch forests, including Lithobius (Ezembius) tetraspinus and Hessebius luculentus. The newly found species exhibit unique characteristics, such as color patterns and body size, and inhabit relatively moist habitats at high altitudes.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney have successfully observed controllable interactions between two atom qubits made of phosphorus atoms in a silicon chip. The discovery is a significant milestone for building a quantum computer, as it demonstrates the ability to manipulate the spin correlations of electrons in these tiny devices.
A new genomic classifier score predicts aggressive prostate cancer, potentially changing treatment guidelines. The model integrates gene expression biomarker risk scores into existing risk groups, increasing accuracy and confidence in treatment recommendations.
A new PET scan-compatible imaging agent can detect specific mutations in lung cancer tumors, predicting treatment success. Over 80% of patients with detected mutations showed positive response to targeted drug, while those without signals saw limited benefits.
University of Alberta researchers have found the Ebola polymerase enzyme, which may lead to more effective research and better treatments for the often fatal infection. The discovery allows for the study of Ebola inhibitors in any lab environment, accelerating the search for antiviral medicines.
New research from University of California - San Francisco scientists shows that the human hippocampus no longer produces new neurons after childhood. This finding presents a challenge to previous studies suggesting neurogenesis could help treat brain diseases.
Researchers found that a specific part of the fly brain's circadian clock, DN1p, increases activity when cooled and decreases activity when heated, suggesting a key role in regulating sleep patterns. The study has implications for understanding how temperature affects human sleep behavior.
Researchers found that individual tree species are limited by phosphorus but entire forest communities are not. Forests with low phosphorus soils actually show faster growth rates compared to those with high phosphorus levels. This discovery has significant implications for understanding forest growth and change in tropical regions.
Researchers at OHSU have discovered the atomic structure of acid-sensing ion channels, which play a role in pain sensation and psychiatric disorders. The study's findings could inform the development of new therapeutic agents targeting these channels for stroke and pain treatments.
Researchers developed a novel small molecule PET tracer to noninvasively detect EGFR mutation status in NSCLC patients. The approach showed high accuracy and potential for predicting treatment response and monitoring dynamic changes during therapy.
A multidisciplinary research team will analyze data from over 17,000 children in Milwaukee and Racine counties to understand the impact of lead poisoning, air pollution, and exposure to violent crime on their health. The study aims to develop new exposure models that reflect a child's chemical, social, and physical environments.
A study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that larger hospitals with more procedures performed under bundled payments showed significant cost savings. Non-profit and major teaching hospitals were also more likely to succeed under this model, with improved care quality and lower costs per case.
A new study finds that most US and Canadian hunt management plans do not adhere to science-based approaches, lacking hallmarks like measurable objectives and independent review. The study highlights the need for agencies to adopt science-based management to improve natural resource management.
Northeastern researchers have discovered 36 new genes linked to cardiac disease, offering a promising direction for personalized medicine. The study used an innovative approach to analyze gene expression in mice and identified previously unknown genes that play a causal role in heart failure.
Scientists have named a new butterfly species, Wahydra graslieae, after the Field Museum's chief curiosity correspondent Emily Graslie. The dark rust-colored skipper with silver scales is found in the Ecuadorian Andes and expands our understanding of the genus Wahydra diversity.
A new study reveals that seasonal skin changes are caused by climatic and humidity fluctuations, which affect the skin's barrier function. The research suggests that individuals should protect their skin with emollients in winter and sunscreen in summer to manage skin disorders such as eczema.
A researcher re-examined seven bone measurements from 1940 and found they were more similar to Amelia Earhart than 99% of individuals in a large reference sample. The study concluded that the bones belonged to Earhart, citing evidence including her humerus and radius lengths.
Research suggests that living in areas with more sunlight, particularly UV-B rays, can lower the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. Exposure in childhood and young adulthood is also linked to reduced risk. The study found a 45% reduced risk of MS in those living in sunnier climates compared to those with low UV-B ray exposure.
GOES satellites help track thunderstorms, tornadoes, hurricanes, and flash floods, while also supporting search and rescue efforts through their transponders,
Researchers have created hybrid solar cells that can harness energy from both sunlight and falling raindrops. The innovative design uses textured polymers to increase the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) in rainy conditions.
A new study by University at Buffalo social work researcher Elizabeth Bowen found that food assistance programs often fail to provide reliable access to nutritious food for homeless young adults. The research highlights the need for policy changes, such as revising SNAP eligibility guidelines and providing more flexible support structu...
African Americans are disproportionately affected by heart failure due to a genetic defect linked to the CACNB4 gene. The study, led by the University of South Florida, identified this genetic variation as a key contributor to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) in African Americans.
Researchers at Syracuse University have identified a key protein and enzyme involved in regulating seizures, finding that T-cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) suppresses severe electrical storms in the brain by increasing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in neurons.
A new slow-release hydrogel has been developed to aid immunotherapy for cancer, providing a continuous dose of immunotherapy drugs to activate the immune system. The hydrogel, called STINGel, was tested in lab cultures and in vivo trials, showing promise in killing cancer cells and preventing further implantation of cancer cells.
A new study led by Colorado State University found less irreversible damage from livestock in Mongolia's rangelands, with most areas only slightly or moderately degraded. However, key areas may be reaching a tipping point of irreversible damage due to persistently high levels of forage use.
Researchers at MIPT created a spin diode by placing ferromagnetic layers between two antiferromagnetic materials, allowing for tunable resistance and resonant frequency. This design triples the frequency range of conventional spin diodes while maintaining sensitivity comparable to semiconductor analogs.
A joint research group has successfully observed topology hidden inside materials using soft X-rays. This achievement enables the direct determination of material topology without relying on surface appearance, which is expected to lead to the discovery of more diverse topological electronic phases.
Researchers have developed graphene-based nanoscrolls with a large surface area, stability at high temperatures and durability. The material mimics the capillary structure in a dog's nose to detect odors at extremely low concentrations.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that adult chimpanzees exhibit more frequent and longer play sessions compared to adult lowland gorillas in captivity. This suggests a difference in their level of social cohesion, with chimpanzees living in highly cohesive groups and gorillas having lower levels of social affiliation.
A study by University of California, Irvine researchers found that high-resolution brain imaging can identify the underlying causes of differences in memory proficiency between older and younger adults. The study revealed that object memory is more vulnerable to age-related decline than spatial memory.
The World scientists' warning to humanity has prompted global responses and endorsements, with the latest translation including Polish. The paper highlights two key areas for action: incorporating externalised environmental limits into economics and implementing higher carbon prices globally.
A novel study led by Penn State researchers will analyze ramps' phytochemistry, nutritional makeup, and market trends. The project aims to quantify the plant's key chemicals and evaluate its vulnerability to the allium leaf miner pest.
Researchers have discovered a diamond containing the fourth most abundant mineral in Earth, calcuim silicate perovskite, at the surface. This finding suggests that oceanic crust is recycled into the lower mantle, with potential implications for our understanding of Earth's core.
A recent study published in The BMJ questioned the underlying evidence for current US cancer treatment guidelines. Researchers found that these guidelines often rely on low-quality or no evidence at all. The study highlights concerns about the justification of costly and toxic cancer drugs based on weak evidence.
The Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline examines causes and treatments for hirsutism, a condition where women experience unwanted hair growth. The guideline recommends testing for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and other underlying health problems in all women with unwanted dark or coarse hair.