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Science News for May 21, 2018


Protected areas and elevational gradients

Researchers analyzed over 40,000 protected areas worldwide to determine areas needing further protection. The analysis found that nearly half of mountain ranges lacked stringent PAs and failed to meet biodiversity conservation goals.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Soft machines

Researchers at UCSB have created a new type of actuator that combines speed and softness, enabling faster and more versatile soft robotic systems. The actuator, made from liquid-metal alloy conductors and magnetized polymer composites, allows for fast and low-voltage movement in various applications.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Barbara·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·DateMay 21, 2018

Children understand plant-animal interdependence by the age of eight

Research by the University of the Basque Country found that children as young as eight can correctly associate plants with animals in their drawings. This suggests that they are developing an understanding of ecological connections and natural phenomena from a young age.

SourceUniversity of the Basque Country·JournalSustainability·DateMay 21, 2018

Single 'clock' syncs action and perception

A new study published in eNeuro provides evidence for the link between the motor system and our sense of time. Participants in the research task showed synchronization between action preparation and perception, demonstrating that the brain operates at different speeds.

SourceSociety for Neuroscience·JournaleNeuro·DateMay 21, 2018

Personalizing therapeutic brain stimulation

A study on epilepsy patients has shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be used to predict which brain regions will be affected by the treatment. This research could lead to individualized stimulation protocols, improving treatment outcomes for conditions like depression.

SourceSociety for Neuroscience·DateMay 21, 2018
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Turning entanglement upside down

Physicists develop novel strategy to probe entanglement Hamiltonian, providing direct access to entanglement spectrum and facilitating investigation of complex many-particle systems. This approach enables concrete statements about entanglement properties, overcoming the challenges posed by classical computers.

SourceUniversity of Innsbruck·JournalNature Physics·DateMay 21, 2018

New technique reveals 3D shape of nanostructure's polariton interaction

Researchers at Lehigh University have developed a new technique called peak force scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (PF-SNOM) that reveals the 3D shape of polariton interaction around nanostructures with improved spatial resolution. The technique enables direct sectioning of vertical near-field signals for both thr...

SourceLehigh University·JournalNature Communications·DateMay 21, 2018

Chemists synthesize millions of proteins not found in nature

Researchers have devised a way to rapidly synthesize and screen millions of novel proteins that could be used as drugs against Ebola and other viruses. These 'xenoproteins' offer advantages over naturally occurring proteins, including increased stability and potential for better immune response.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

The vessel not taken: Understanding disproportionate blood flow

Researchers developed a new computer model predicting blood flow through capillaries, finding that vessels can switch between even and uneven flow. This study has significant implications for understanding healthy and disease states, and may lead to better prediction of drug transport in microvascular networks.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateMay 21, 2018

Pregnant smokers may reduce harm done to baby's lungs by taking vitamin C

A recent study has found that pregnant smokers who take daily vitamin C supplements may have babies with improved lung function and reduced risk of wheeze. The researchers measured forced expiratory flows in infants born to mothers who smoked, and found significant differences in lung function at three months and one year.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·DateMay 21, 2018

New hope for women with fistula injuries

A new scoring system, known as the Panzi Score, has been developed to assess and treat fistula injuries in women. The tool helps physicians predict surgical success and guides treatment decisions.

SourceUniversity of Michigan·JournalInternational Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics·DateMay 21, 2018
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Clues found to early lung transplant failure

A recent study has identified monocytes as key instigators of early lung transplant failure, leading to organ rejection and death. The researchers hope their findings will lead to new therapies targeting inflammatory cells.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateMay 21, 2018

Cell types underlying schizophrenia identified

Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have identified the cell types underlying schizophrenia, providing a roadmap for developing new therapies. The findings suggest that certain cell types contribute to the disorder and may require separate treatments.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalNature Genetics·DateMay 21, 2018

To establish a timescale for more than 10 million years ago

A research team in China has established a Chinese Neogene chronostratigraphic sequence with accurate geological ages. The development of a uniform Neogene biostratigraphic framework for China will help to improve the division and correlation of Neogene strata.

SourceScience China Press·DateMay 21, 2018

Major fossil study sheds new light on emergence of early animal life 540 million years ago

A comprehensive analysis of fossil euarthropods suggests the 'Cambrian Explosion' was a gradual process, with the origin of animals dating back to around 550 million years ago. The study challenges two competing hypotheses on early animal evolution, presenting a middle-ground between slow and rapid evolution.

SourceUniversity of Oxford·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

Graphene paves the way to faster high-speed optical communications

Researchers created a technology that boosts graphene's non-linear optical effects using electrical fields, leading to faster and more reliable ultra-broad bandwidth transfers. This breakthrough could enable larger volumes of information to be processed or transmitted.

SourceGraphene Flagship·JournalNature Nanotechnology·DateMay 21, 2018
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

International award for QUT Head of Nursing

Professor Yates received the prestigious Distinguished Researcher award from the international Oncology Nursing Society for her research on managing common problems experienced by cancer patients. The award recognizes her contributions to enhancing the science and practice of oncology nursing, particularly in Australia.

SourceQueensland University of Technology·DateMay 21, 2018

Leading UK scientist reveals likely cause of childhood leukaemia

A landmark paper sets out a unified theory for the cause of childhood leukaemia, revealing it may be preventable with treatments to prime the immune system in infancy. The disease is triggered by exposure to infection in children who experienced clean childhoods, highlighting the paradox of progress in modern societies.

SourceInstitute of Cancer Research·JournalNature Reviews Cancer·DateMay 21, 2018

Age-related racial disparity in suicide rates among US youth

A recent study found that suicide rates among US youth vary significantly by race, with black children aged 5-12 experiencing a nearly two-fold higher risk of suicide compared to white children of the same age group. The researchers highlight the need for further research into contributing factors and targeted interventions.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Mental Health·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateMay 21, 2018
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Ocean anoxia in Late Ordovician mass extinction

Researchers found a prolonged ocean anoxic event worldwide during the Late Ordovician mass extinction, coinciding with peak glaciation and suggesting global cooling may have driven ocean anoxia. This finding could support the theory that global cooling played a role in triggering the LOME.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

New PSU study shows higher formaldehyde risk in e-cigarettes than previously thought

Researchers revisited a 2015 study finding e-cigarette vapor contains new forms of formaldehyde, which are bound to particulates and deposited deeper in the lungs, posing higher risks than previously known. The study found both gaseous and new formaldehyde compounds exceeding OSHA workplace limits even at lower heat settings.

SourcePortland State University·JournalScientific Reports·DateMay 21, 2018

Leading edge energy storage technology concept

The FLASC prototype is a world-first offshore renewable energy TLP with integrated energy storage. It stores energy generated by wind turbines, solar PV, and other sources using pressurised seawater and compressed air.

SourceUniversity of Malta·DateMay 21, 2018

Deadly malaria's evolution revealed

A study revealed that Plasmodium falciparum emerged as a human-specific parasite species around 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. The researchers sequenced the genomes of all known malaria parasites and discovered a chain of events leading to its emergence.

SourceWellcome Trust Sanger Institute·JournalNature Microbiology·DateMay 21, 2018
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Daily egg consumption may reduce cardiovascular disease

A recent study found that daily egg consumption is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and specific types of stroke. The research, conducted in China, involved over half a million adults aged 30 to 79 and followed them for an average of 8.9 years.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalHeart·DateMay 21, 2018

Single-administration polio vaccine

Researchers developed a single-administration vaccine strategy using an injectable microsphere bearing inactivated polio vaccine, which releases stable antigen over time. The study found that injecting the microspheres into rats elicited a strong immune response against all three IPV antigens.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

Patients with high lipoprotein(a) levels may benefit from taking PCSK9 inhibitors

Evolocumab treatment has been shown to effectively reduce lipoprotein(a) levels and decrease the risk of cardiovascular events. Patients with higher baseline lipoprotein(a) levels derived greater absolute benefit from evolocumab treatment, with a 24% decrease in risk of heart attack, stroke, or cardiovascular death.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalScientific Reports·DateMay 21, 2018

Immune cells hold promise in slowing down ALS

Researchers found that infusions of properly functioning Tregs significantly slowed ALS disease progression in patients. The treatment increased Treg levels by 30-40% and showed promise as a potential treatment for the debilitating disease.

SourceHouston Methodist·DateMay 21, 2018
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Women with pregnancy-related diabetes may be at risk for chronic kidney disease

Research suggests that women who have had gestational diabetes may benefit from periodic checkups to detect early-stage kidney damage. The study found a link between high glomerular filtration rates and pre-diabetes, indicating a potential risk for chronic kidney disease.

SourceNIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development·JournalDiabetes Care·DateMay 21, 2018

Ice cream funds research showing new strategy against thyroid cancer

Researchers discovered a new strategy against anaplastic thyroid cancer using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), which showed better results than conventional radiotherapy. The study was made possible by a patient's donation of $10,000 to fund research.

SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalThyroid·DateMay 21, 2018

Don't wait for a unicorn: Investing in low-carbon tech now will save money

Researchers from Imperial College London found that investing in existing low-carbon energy technologies now can save 61% of future costs compared to waiting for a mythical future technology. Delaying investment can lead to grossly oversized and underutilized power systems, or those that are far from being decarbonised by 2050.

SourceImperial College London·JournalNature Energy·DateMay 21, 2018
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Antique Italian violins mimic human voice

Researchers found that antique Italian violins, such as those by Andrea Amati and Gasparo da Salo, can produce formants similar to the human singing voice. The study suggests that master violin-makers may have designed violins to emulate male voices, which could account for their storied tonal quality.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

Mediterranean diet may blunt air pollution's ill health effects

A study found that adhering to a Mediterranean diet can blunt the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and increased risk of deaths from all causes, cardiovascular disease, heart attacks, and other cardiovascular diseases. However, adherence did not protect against ozone's harmful effects on cardiac health.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·DateMay 21, 2018

Eating at night, sleeping by day swiftly alters key blood proteins

Researchers found that just one simulated night shift altered levels and time-of-day patterns of over 100 proteins in the blood. These disruptions can lead to higher diabetes rates and decreased energy expenditure, highlighting the importance of timing treatments around the circadian clock.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

Circadian rhythms and plasma proteome

Researchers analyzed human plasma proteins over time, identifying 30 proteins regulated by the circadian clock and affecting cancer, immune function, and metabolism. Circadian misalignment altered glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism pathways.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Studying insight

The study found that pupils dilate before reported inspiration, predicting subsequent inspiration. This discovery may lead to externally monitoring and controlling memory retrieval in the future.

SourceToyohashi University of Technology (TUT)·JournalScientific Reports·DateMay 21, 2018

Autism is not linked to eating fish in pregnacy

A major study on pregnant women's fish consumption found no link between mercury exposure and autism. Mercury was only associated with poor social cognition in mothers who avoided eating fish. The study confirms current advice for pregnant women to eat fish at least twice a week is safe.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalMolecular Autism·DateMay 21, 2018

Profiling the genome hundreds of variations at a time

Researchers use CRISPR-Cas9 to precisely alter hundreds of genes or features in yeast cells with 80-100% efficiency, identifying gene alterations that trigger or prevent specific behaviors. The approach allows for rapid profiling and identification of key genes and DNA sequence variations associated with traits and diseases.

SourceWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard·JournalNature Biotechnology·DateMay 21, 2018
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

International anesthesia standards updated with WHO in global effort to improve surgical care

The World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists and WHO have updated international anesthesia standards to improve surgical care worldwide. The guidelines aim to provide concrete standards for facilities, equipment, medications, and professional aspects of anesthesia care.

SourceWorld Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists·JournalCanadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie·DateMay 21, 2018
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Computer redesigns enzyme

University of Groningen biotechnologists successfully redesigned aspartase enzyme using computational method, producing kilograms of pure building blocks for pharmaceuticals and other bioactive compounds.

SourceUniversity of Groningen·JournalNature Chemical Biology·DateMay 21, 2018

Hurricanes: Stronger, slower, wetter in the future?

The study analyzed 22 recent hurricanes and found that they would become a little stronger, a little slower-moving, and a lot wetter if they formed under predicted late 21st-century conditions. The rainfall rate of simulated future storms would increase by an average of 24 percent.

SourceU.S. National Science Foundation·JournalJournal of Climate·DateMay 21, 2018

Perceived trustworthiness helps women entrepreneurs with crowdfunding backers

Research by Louisiana State University found that women are perceived as more trustworthy by crowdfunding investors, increasing the likelihood of securing financial backing. This perception leads to a funding advantage for women in crowdfunding, allowing them to overcome gender bias and increase their odds of success.

SourceLouisiana State University·JournalJournal of Business Venturing·DateMay 21, 2018
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Discovery for grouping atoms invokes Pasteur

Scientists have discovered a new method for combining atoms into shape-shifting molecules, enabling the creation of novel materials and drugs with unique properties. This breakthrough builds upon past discoveries of isomerism, paving the way for the development of countless new compounds.

SourceUniversity of Sydney·JournalNature Chemistry·DateMay 21, 2018

NASA sees Tropical Cyclone Sagar's landfall

Tropical Cyclone Sagar made landfall in Somalia on May 19, with NASA's Terra satellite capturing infrared images of the storm. The MODIS instrument revealed powerful thunderstorms northwest of the center, which generated heavy rain due to extremely cold cloud top temperatures.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateMay 21, 2018

Hurricanes: A bit stronger, a bit slower, and a lot wetter in a warmer climate

A new analysis of 22 recent hurricanes suggests they would become stronger and wetter in a warmer climate, with increased rainfall rates. The study found that average hourly maximum wind speeds would rise by 6% and rainfall rates would increase by 24%, leading to more devastating flooding.

SourceNational Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research·JournalJournal of Climate·DateMay 21, 2018

Eczema drug effective against severe asthma

Dupilumab alleviates asthma symptoms and improves lung function in moderate to severe asthma patients. The drug significantly reduced asthma exacerbations by half in some patients, with improved rates of emergency room visits and hospitalizations.

SourceWashU Medicine·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateMay 21, 2018
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Reading the minds of pilots on the fly

A team of researchers at Drexel University has successfully measured the brain activity of pilots in real-time using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, or fNIRS. The study shows that pilots who flew a real aircraft committed more errors and had higher cognitive load than those who operated a flight simulator.

SourceDrexel University·JournalFrontiers in Human Neuroscience·DateMay 21, 2018

Age-related racial disparity in childhood suicide

A study examining age-specific suicide rates between black and white US youths from 2001 to 2015 reveals significant disparities. The findings highlight the need for targeted suicide prevention efforts for black children, suggesting a greater risk of suicide among younger black youth.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateMay 21, 2018

Sleep deprivation and neurobehavioral performance

Researchers found that chronic sleep deprivation, even without extended wakefulness, was associated with increased reaction time performance and daytime arousal. The study highlights the complex relationship between sleep and alertness in humans.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

UCI researchers discover novel mode of neurotransmitter-based communication

Researchers at UCI School of Medicine have discovered a new pathway for developing therapies for disorders like epilepsy, anxiety, and chronic pain by understanding how GABA modulates specific ion channels. This finding opens up an entirely novel mechanism for GABA to fulfill its inhibitory role in the brain.

SourceUniversity of California - Irvine·JournalNature Communications·DateMay 21, 2018

Deep space radiation treatment reboots brain's immune system

A novel drug has been identified as a potential treatment for brain damage caused by exposure to cosmic rays, protecting memory function in mice. The study's findings suggest that rebooting the brain's immune system may help prevent cognitive impairments in astronauts during deep space travel.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalScientific Reports·DateMay 21, 2018
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Novel bioactive steroid biosynthetic pathway in symbiotic fungi

Scientists deciphered the biosynthetic gene cluster for furanosteroid demethoxyviridin, a nanomolar-potency inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). The research group identified key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis pathway.

SourceJapan Science and Technology Agency·JournalNature Communications·DateMay 21, 2018

Receptor proteins that respond to nicotine may help fat cells burn energy

Researchers have discovered a molecule directly linked to thermogenesis in beige fat cells, which can be activated by nicotine and acetylcholine molecules. The study suggests that CHRNA2 receptor proteins play a role in energy metabolism, potentially leading to new approaches for combating weight gain after smoking cessation.

SourceUniversity of Michigan·JournalNature Medicine·DateMay 21, 2018

Flavonoids may slow lung function decline due to aging

A study of 463 adults found that higher anthocyanin intake was associated with slower lung function decline over 10 years. Individuals in the highest quartile of anthocyanin consumption had a slower rate of decline in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume compared to those in the lowest quartile.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·DateMay 21, 2018
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

One year's losses for child sexual abuse in US top $9 billion, new study suggests

A new study finds that child sexual abuse has a profound economic impact on the US, with estimated annual costs of $9.3 billion and lifetime costs per victim ranging from nearly $200,000 for nonfatal abuse to over $1 million for fatal cases. The study's authors hope to inspire policymakers to invest in prevention efforts.

SourceJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health·JournalChild Abuse & Neglect·DateMay 21, 2018

Raising the heat to lower the cost of solar energy

Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories are working on a project to refine a specific type of utility-scale solar energy technology that can supply renewable energy without batteries for storage. The goal is to reach temperatures greater than 700 C, which would boost efficiency and lower electricity costs.

SourceDOE/Sandia National Laboratories·DateMay 21, 2018

Extrasolar asteroid has been orbiting the sun for 4.5 billion years

A Brazilian scientist and her co-author found that an extrasolar asteroid has stably occupied a stable path corresponding to Jupiter's orbit for at least 4.5 billion years. The asteroid is believed to have originated from outside the Solar System, likely captured by Jupiter's powerful gravitational field.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateMay 21, 2018
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Are humans causing cancer in wild animals?

Researchers from Arizona State University warn that human activities are influencing cancer rates in wild animal populations. Studies have shown that pollution, pesticides, microplastics, and artificial light pollution are contributing to the prevalence of cancer in various species.

SourceArizona State University·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·DateMay 21, 2018

Smog laid bare: Precise analysis of the composition of particulate matter

Researchers developed a precise method to analyze the chemical composition of suspended particulate matter, including isomers. This technique combines chromatography and mass spectrometry, providing accurate results and full reproducibility.

SourceInstitute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences·JournalAnalytical Chemistry·DateMay 21, 2018
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Flexible, highly efficient multimodal energy harvesting

Researchers at Penn State developed a new composite material that can efficiently harvest mechanical and thermal energy using a 3D piezoelectric ceramic foam supported by a flexible polymer. The material outperforms traditional piezoelectric composites, offering improved flexibility and energy output.

SourcePenn State·JournalEnergy & Environmental Science·DateMay 21, 2018

Origins of a globally distributed plant family

Fossil leaves from a sweet potato ancestor and the morning glory family, Convulvaceae, were discovered in northeastern India and dated to 58.7-55.8 million years ago. This finding suggests that the plant family originated in East Gondwana and diverged from its sister Solanaceae by the late Paleocene.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

UNM scientists find widespread ocean anoxia as cause for past mass extinction

A team of researchers led by Maya Elrick found that a global marine anoxic event occurred during the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction, which lasted for at least 1 million years and coincided with the extinction of 85% of marine life. The study suggests that low oxygen concentrations in the ocean were a major driver of the mass extinction.

SourceUniversity of New Mexico·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Schizophrenics' blood has more genetic material from microbes

Research at Oregon State University found that schizophrenia patients' blood contains genetic material from a wider range of bacteria and archaea compared to healthy controls. The study suggests that the human microbiome plays a significant role in health and disease.

SourceOregon State University·JournalTranslational Psychiatry·DateMay 21, 2018

Vocal neurons encode evolution of frog calls

Researchers discovered a population of neurons that give rise to unique mating calls in two closely-related frog species. The findings suggest that changes in these cells over time may have shaped vocal patterns in vertebrates. Ancient circuits involved in breathing control were found to be linked to the evolution of vocal patterns.

SourceSociety for Neuroscience·DateMay 21, 2018

Insufficient sleep, even without extended wakefulness, leads to performance impairments

Chronic short sleep duration, independent of extended wakefulness, results in vigilant performance impairments, with attention lapses increasing fivefold and reaction time doubling. Participants on restricted sleep schedules worsened over time, suggesting they cannot adapt to chronically insufficient sleep.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Birds from different species recognize each other and cooperate

Researchers from the University of Chicago and University of Nebraska discovered that Australian fairy-wrens can recognize individual birds from other species and form stable, positive relationships. This cooperation allows them to better defend their territories and share benefits such as increased foraging success and reduced vigilance.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Medical Center·JournalBehavioral Ecology·DateMay 21, 2018

Hotter bodies fight infections and tumors better -- researchers show how

A study by University of Warwick and Manchester researchers reveals that small rises in temperature speed up a cellular 'clock' controlling the response to infections. This new understanding could lead to more effective drugs targeting A20 protein, which regulates inflammation.

SourceUniversity of Warwick·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

New form of local anesthetic does not reduce opioid use or complications after knee surgery

A new study published in Anesthesiology found that liposomal bupivacaine, a long-acting local anesthetic, did not reduce opioid prescriptions or complications after total knee replacement surgery. The study included over 88,000 patients and found no significant benefit from adding liposomal bupivacaine to multimodal pain management reg...

SourceAmerican Society of Anesthesiologists·JournalAnesthesiology·DateMay 21, 2018
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

World's biggest fisheries supported by seagrass meadows

Seagrass meadows support global fisheries production by providing nursery habitat, promoting health of connected habitats, and supplying trophic support. However, the coastal distribution of seagrasses makes them vulnerable to threats such as land runoff and trawling, leading to declines in seagrass and fisheries.

SourceSwansea University·JournalConservation Letters·DateMay 21, 2018

How animals holler

Research by Ingo Titze and Anil Palaparthi found that animals' high radiation efficiency is due to wide mouths, high frequencies, and body acoustical reflecting chambers. Humans lack these traits, limiting our ability to make long-range calls like animals do. The study aims to improve human call efficiency for emergency situations.

SourceUniversity of Utah·JournalThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·DateMay 21, 2018
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Global biomass distribution

A global biomass census yields 550 Gt C, with land biomass surpassing marine by two orders of magnitude. Human activities have led to significant reductions in wild mammal, fish, and plant biomass.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

Observing cellular activity, one molecule at a time

Researchers at EPFL have invented a new method to examine protein assembly mechanisms in real time using atomic force microscopy. The technique, which uses pulsed laser light, allows for the observation of dynamic processes that were previously impossible to study.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalNature Nanotechnology·DateMay 21, 2018

How bacteria behave differently in humans compared to the lab

Researchers found increased expression of genes responsible for antibiotic resistance in human clinical infections compared to laboratory experiments. This discovery could help scientists draw more accurate conclusions and provide better information on treating bacterial infections.

SourceGeorgia Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

A single-injection vaccine for the polio virus

A new nanoparticle vaccine developed by MIT researchers can deliver multiple doses of the polio vaccine in just one injection, making it easier to immunize children in remote regions. The vaccine uses a biodegradable polymer that releases the vaccine in bursts at defined time points, providing long-lasting immunity.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

A better way to control crystal vibrations

By doping aluminum oxide with neodymium, researchers can control phonon frequencies and speeds, leading to improved thermal conductivity and efficiency in thermoelectric devices. This breakthrough provides a simpler and cheaper way to tune material properties, enabling new applications in solid-state lighting and electronics.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalApplied Physics Letters·DateMay 21, 2018

Self-healing material a breakthrough for bio-inspired robotics

Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have created a self-healing material that spontaneously repairs itself under extreme mechanical damage. The material, composed of liquid metal droplets suspended in a soft elastomer, can reroute electrical signals without interruption.

SourceCollege of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University·JournalNature Materials·DateMay 21, 2018

Sleep better, parent better: Study shows link between maternal sleep and permissive parenting

A new study from the University of Illinois found that mothers who don't get enough sleep or have poor quality sleep are more likely to engage in permissive parenting with their adolescents. Mothers who receive adequate sleep, on the other hand, are less likely to be permissive and report better parenting behaviors.

SourceUniversity of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences·JournalJournal of Sleep Research·DateMay 21, 2018
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

NIH-funded researchers identify target for chikungunya treatment

Scientists have identified a molecule found on human cells and some animal cells that could be a useful target for drugs against chikungunya virus infection. Mxra8, a key to the entry of chikungunya virus into host cells, was identified using CRISPR-Cas9.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases·JournalNature·DateMay 21, 2018

Hydrogel helps restore artworks and reveals hidden inscription

Researchers use hydrogels to safely remove pressure-sensitive tapes from paper artworks without solvents, preserving the underlying artwork. The technique reveals hidden inscriptions like Michelangelo's 'di mano di Michelangelo' on a 16th-century drawing.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 21, 2018

Mice regrow brain tissue after stroke with bioengineered gel

Researchers at UCLA used a bioengineered gel to regenerate neurons and blood vessels in mice with stroke-damaged brains. After 16 weeks, the gel helped fill in the stroke cavity, resulting in improved motor behavior in the affected mice.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles·JournalNature Materials·DateMay 21, 2018
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Bladder cancer model could pave the way for better drug efficacy studies

Researchers developed a mouse model of luminal bladder cancer to study its therapeutic efficacy, focusing on checkpoint inhibitors and neo-antigens. The model revealed lower levels of immune cells in luminal tumors and differences in neo-antigen expression between subtypes.

SourceUNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center·JournalCancer Research·DateMay 21, 2018

What can snakes teach us about engineering friction?

Researchers at Drexel University have found that snake skin's unique texture and micro-structure create a distinct friction profile, which can be used to inform the design of textured surfaces. By studying over 350 species of snakes, they have developed a framework for creating 'smart surfaces' with new frictional capabilities.

SourceDrexel University·JournalJournal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials·DateMay 21, 2018

How to ethically conduct clinical research during public health emergencies

Key findings highlight the need for rapid, well-coordinated responses to future outbreaks; effective communication with local communities is essential for ethically responsible research. The paper emphasizes the importance of sustained international support for health systems in low- and middle-income countries.

SourceCarnegie Mellon University·JournalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases·DateMay 21, 2018

Quantum effects observed in photosynthesis

Researchers have found quantum effects in photosynthetic systems at low temperatures, challenging the idea that these effects are unique to non-biological systems. The study also reveals that regular vibrations, not superposition, were responsible for earlier reported observations.

SourceUniversity of Groningen·JournalNature Chemistry·DateMay 21, 2018

Study finds snap-lock mechanism in bacterial riboswitch

Researchers deciphered the workings of a common bacterial switch that regulates protein production, revealing a snap-lock mechanism. This discovery could lead to new antibiotics as gram-positive bacteria use T-box riboswitches to regulate protein production.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Communications·DateMay 21, 2018