A European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control study shows the clear public health benefit of whole genome sequencing in surveillance and control of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The study analyzed over 1,000 isolates from 20 countries, revealing a widespread distribution of drug-resistant strains across Europe.
Scientists predict that climate change will alter the location and size of suitable habitats for many marine species on North America's continental shelves. The study found that habitats generally tend to shift north along the coastline, but these shifts vary depending on specific species' requirements and seafloor characteristics.
Researchers have identified a mutation that can reduce amyloid-beta plaque accumulation in mice, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that mice with the mutated APP gene had less amyloid-beta build-up, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers developed an algorithm to predict treatment effectiveness in individual patients using a molecular communication pathway. The study found that repurposing ruxolitinib, a drug approved for malignant blood disorders, can overcome resistance to measles virotherapy by increasing its effectiveness by a factor of 1,000.
A study of 7,103 active faculty researchers found that over half had disclosed their results before publication, with social scientists and mathematicians being the most likely to do so. The dominant motive was to receive feedback, while formulaic fields like computer science and mathematics shared results to attract competitors.
A new study found that over 67% of researchers disclose their findings before publishing or presenting the work publicly. The motivation for sharing research findings varied widely across fields, with common reasons including soliciting feedback from colleagues and attracting other researchers to the field.
Researchers developed a new display technology that uses crystalline silicon film growth at lower temperatures, potentially replacing existing processes. This innovation has the potential to increase efficiency and luminance while lowering production costs for electronic devices like solar cells.
A new trial shows that a shorter length of trastuzumab treatment can benefit patients with breast cancer just as much as a longer treatment, with less risk of cardiac side effects. The study found that taking trastuzumab for 6 months was non-inferior to the current standard of 12 months.
Scientists from Lobachevsky University study Aurivillius phases for potential non-volatile memory chips. They determine operating temperature ranges and structural features, finding that linear dimensions increase more evenly throughout the material during transition to paraelectric state.
John Osburg's research reveals how economic reforms and anti-corruption campaigns foster corrupt business networks in post-Mao China. The study shows that elite networks use ritualized leisure activities to establish guanxi ties, which serve a purpose beyond mere entertainment or business transactions.
The study analyzed data from over 38,000 US children and adolescents, finding a decline in reported prescription medication use between 1999-2002 and 2011-2014. Trends in specific medication use varied across classes, highlighting shifts in disease patterns and treatment practices.
A 6-week CrossFit exercise programme improved blood sugar control and reduced heart disease risk in people with Type 2 diabetes. Participants showed significant improvements in insulin sensitivity and heart disease risk factors, even with shorter exercise sessions than traditional guidelines recommend.
The Belt and Road Initiative's economic development corridors coincide with high environmental value areas, posing significant impacts on biodiversity. China can replicate its domestic environmental practices in the BRI to achieve a balance between economic development and sustainability.
Researchers at Rutgers University discovered that orangutans exposed to smoke from wildfires eat and rest more, but don't gain weight. The study suggests long-term health problems for critically endangered orangutans.
Researchers found traces of fatty acids in Dorset's acidic streams, mimicking conditions on Mars billions of years ago. They believe these findings could indicate nearly 12,000 pools of organic matter on Mars that represent past life.
A study of over 11,000 American adults found that increasing physical activity to recommended levels over six years in middle age significantly decreases the risk of heart failure. Conversely, a decrease in physical activity during this period is linked to an increased risk of the disorder.
A new method for projecting warming patterns supports substantial global warming but indicates significant variations in regions. Historically-driven climate approaches complement complex global models, providing more reliable regional climate projections.
UNIGE researchers found that a DNA-binding factor called TOX triggers immune cells to cause autoimmune tissue destruction in the brain. This discovery provides important insights into understanding and treating auto-immune diseases.
Lung transplant patients with recent alcohol use spent more time in the hospital and on ventilators, with no differences in lung function. Abstaining from alcohol may help optimize lung transplant outcomes.
Researchers have identified a control switch that regulates genetic signals during embryonic development, which could help prevent birth defects and cancers. The study found that externally driven fluctuations in gene signaling are suppressed by the Notch pathway, a potential target for modulating genetic signals.
Researchers used eyewitness accounts from 2014 and 2016 to reconstruct the 1946 tsunami's heights and distances, challenging previous estimates. The study found tsunami heights over five meters and flooded areas of up to 600 meters inland.
The MDMA-assisted psychotherapy trial at UConn Health will specifically recruit people from communities of color with PTSD, focusing on experiences of racial violence and discrimination. The treatment has shown promise in reducing symptoms and allowing patients to process their trauma into something stronger.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine and National Tsing Hua University developed a method to rapidly manipulate cilia's chemical signaling pathways, which can lead to breakthroughs in understanding and treating human diseases. The technique, called STRIP, enables precise control over microtubule modifications in living cells.
A Canadian research team has discovered how brain stem cells collaborate to build brain circuits during development. This understanding may lead to new treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders in children. The study also suggests that manipulating these brain-resident stem cells could promote brain repair.
Brown University researchers found a new strategy to stimulate autophagy, the cellular recycling process, by manipulating a transcription factor. The approach increased lifespans of worms and flies, and hinted at potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease and ALS in human cells.
A new expert consensus review found that a balanced diet with sufficient protein intake can benefit adult bone health, particularly in seniors with osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake is crucial to support the benefits of dietary protein on bone density and reduce fracture risk.
A consensus among 22 nutrition researchers is that sugar-sweetened beverages increase cardiometabolic risk factors compared to equal amounts of starch. The paper also suggests that aspartame does not promote weight gain and consumption of polyunsaturated fats lowers disease risk when compared to saturated fats.
Researchers optimize system to drive two-electron chemical reactions, significantly improving efficiency over one-electron reactions. The discovery enables the conversion of CO2 into liquid fuels, paving the way for practical carbon-recycling systems.
Researchers identified a correlation between gut microbial composition and microRNA expression in human colorectal cancer. The study found that dozens of microRNAs are differentially regulated in colorectal cancer tumors and are correlated with the abundance of microbes in the tumor microenvironment.
A new study reveals that optimal timing of cultural management techniques such as careful rotary hoeing, delayed planting, and diverse crop rotations can significantly impact organic weed control. By reducing weed emergence and promoting soil fertility, these methods help crops become more competitive against weeds.
A study of over 800 women found that acupuncture administered prior to and following embryo transfer did not improve live birth rates compared to a sham control. However, the researchers reported psycho-social benefits from acupuncture for women undergoing IVF.
BU researcher Duo Zhang has received a highly competitive $100,000 NIH Pathway to Independence Award to investigate a previously unidentified RNA molecular in lung inflammation. The grant will assist him in launching independent research on bacterial-induced pneumonia.
Research at Lund University reveals that attentive adults can increase children's ability to empathize by engaging in interactive storytelling. Children as young as 33 months old demonstrated an understanding of false beliefs when hearing stories together with engaged adults.
Researchers found that continued treatment of muscle wasting with a soluble growth factor receptor protein improved survival in a pre-clinical cancer model. The study suggests a possible causal link between preserving muscle mass and improved survival, but notes that other factors may also play a role.
A randomized clinical trial of 824 women undergoing IVF found no significant difference in live birth rates between those receiving acupuncture and sham acupuncture. The study, published in JAMA, provides insight into the effectiveness of acupuncture in fertility treatments.
A high-fiber diet increases survival in influenza-infected mice by setting the immune system at a healthy level of responsiveness. It also boosts antiviral immunity by activating T cells, mediated by changes in gut bacteria composition.
Researchers at Rutgers University found that white people perceive biracial individuals as less trustworthy and likeable when they contextually present themselves as one race or another. In a series of studies, hundreds of white participants rated bloggers who identified as biracial but presented themselves differently in different sit...
A new study measures regional job creation due to native predators' regulating services, finding that American kestrels can save farmers up to $357 of cherries per dollar spent on nest boxes. Building these boxes is estimated to generate 46 to 50 jobs and over $2 million in increased revenue for Michigan's economy.
New research by the University of British Columbia reveals that industrial fisheries using bottom trawling methods waste 437 million tonnes of fish and miss out on $560 billion in revenue. Small-scale fisheries, on the other hand, generate significantly more value due to their targeted fishing practices.
Researchers developed a novel inertial cell focusing and sorting microfluidic device with a wavy channel structure, achieving size-based separation of target cells. The device offers high-throughput, low-energy consumption, and simplified setup, making it suitable for practical biomedical applications.
Researchers monitoring natural rock arch vibrations found daily changes can predict potential collapse. The study uses resonance frequencies to forecast an arch's stability, with results suggesting no imminent failure.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that no single category of intervention was effective in reducing hospital readmission for children with asthma. However, multimodal interventions that combined multiple categories showed promise in reducing the risk of readmission between 30 days and one year after initial discharge.
Engineers at Caltech and ETH Zurich developed self-propelled robots that paddle through water using temperature-responsive materials. The devices use a bistable element and polymer strips to activate a switch and propel forward.
Researchers from Medical Research Council crack how first life on Earth replicated itself using a new type of genetic replication system. The system uses a triplet code to copy folded RNA, enabling the replication of ribozymes and supporting simple living systems.
A new UCI study finds that successful songs exhibit distinct behavior, with happier, more partylike tunes by women dominating the charts. The researchers analyzed over half a million songs and found an 85% accuracy rate in predicting hits.
A new study published in Urologic Oncology suggests that MRI fusion biopsy is a more effective method for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer in patients with prior negative biopsies. The study analyzed data from over 700 patients and found that fusion biopsy detected 30.7% of clinically significant cancers, compared to 4....
Researchers found that conflicts with a spouse can exacerbate chronic pain and symptoms in individuals with osteoarthritis and type 2 diabetes. Daily diaries revealed that those experiencing tension with their partner had worse moods, greater pain, and more severe symptoms.
Researchers at City, University of London found that colour processing cells in the brain are crucial for interpreting colours in natural images, and that transitions between colours do not significantly contribute to perceived colourfulness. The study's findings support the importance of individual colours in determining what we see.
A new study developed agility tests specifically for soccer players, which successfully discriminated between youth players of different ages. The tests measured reactive and pre-planned agility, with the under-19 group showing higher scores due to their longer involvement in soccer training.
The electronic Rothamsted Archive provides long-term series of data on yields, weather, and soil analyses, relevant for sustainable agriculture, agroecology, and food security. Users have access to supporting specialist background information and are fully supported by the curating team.
Researchers found that IgG antibodies play a key role in the severity of anaphylactic shock by activating blood platelets. Platelet activation may be behind the process, leading to a drop in body temperature and reduced circulating platelet count.
A new method for studying semiconductor nanoparticles has been developed using the magneto-optic effect, allowing for non-invasive analysis without altering the structure. The method was successfully tested on cadmium telluride nanoparticles and showed promising results.
Chimpanzees in the African savanna show significant physiological difficulty when temperatures are high and water is scarce, leading to dehydration and thermoregulatory stress. Despite these challenges, some chimpanzees have developed strategies to cope with food scarcity, such as relying on non-fruit foods like termites and bark.
Scientists successfully simulated FY-2D infrared cloud images using a high-resolution WRF regional numerical weather prediction model product and forward radiation transfer model RTTOV. The results show improved accuracy, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.5 in the first 24 hours.
Researchers found that patients with mutations in DNA repair genes like ATM and RB1 tend not to live as long as those without. These mutations can make tumor cells more susceptible to certain treatments, bringing potential hope for targeted therapies.
A new method has been developed to induce a sense of illusory ownership over an invisible body by focusing on the body action, allowing for communication in cyberspace and potential skill learning. The study found that only the hands and feet can induce a sense of ownership over the invisible body.
Researchers use LiDAR to locate invasive lake trout and identify spawning areas, offering a faster and more efficient way to manage the lake's ecosystem. The low-cost instrument can cover large areas of the lake, reducing labor costs and environmental impact.
The study reveals a stunning relation between ceremonial sites and cemeteries, underpinning complex Andean concepts of death and renewal. It was discovered that the site's features can be related to the surrounding landscape, highlighting the importance of Kipia as a local huaca.
Rutgers University researchers found that gun safety programs for children do not prevent them from handling firearms in real-world scenarios. The studies reviewed by the researchers showed that even children who initially followed rules after training did not use their safety skills weeks later when faced with a nonfunctional gun.
A team of researchers from Mayo Clinic identified a technology to address false positives in CT-based lung cancer screening, analyzing CT images and identifying disease characteristics. The findings show that a set of 57 variables can distinguish benign nodules from cancerous ones, reducing patient anxiety and unnecessary testing.