A study by University at Buffalo researchers found that active Twitter users are prone to spreading falsehoods during public emergencies, such as hurricanes and bombings. The study revealed that only a small percentage of users corrected or clarified false information.
Researchers have developed miniaturized infrared filters using phase change materials and metasurfaces, enabling precise measurement of mid-infrared frequencies. These tiny filters can be integrated into smartphones, allowing for real-time monitoring of air quality, food freshness, and health conditions.
Stopping expensive biological drugs for patients in remission or with low disease activity can save €7,133 per patient. This results in a small loss of 0.022 quality-adjusted life years and an increase in arthritis flares by 0.41 flares per year.
Researchers developed peptide-based nanofibers that target and remove cholesterol deposits from artery walls, reducing plaque burden by up to 11%. Preliminary results demonstrate the potential of non-invasive therapy to reverse atherosclerosis.
Research from Intermountain Medical Center reveals that carotid artery disease and atrial fibrillation significantly increase a patient's chances of developing dementia due to restricted blood flow to the brain. The study stresses the need for physicians to monitor and screen patients for both diseases, especially those with risk factors.
A new study found a consistent link between maternal grandmother and grandchild abdominal obesity, suggesting an intrauterine or environmental effect. The association was seen in both time points analyzed, from age 5 to 9 years old.
The study found a significant increase in hospital-acquired infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii among US children over a 13-year period. Children with chronic conditions are at higher risk of infection due to compromised immune systems.
A Stanford-led study reveals high levels of tapeworm infection among school-age children in China, which can cause cognitive deficits and epilepsy. The researchers propose solutions to reduce infections and improve education outcomes, including community education and medication distribution.
A new study predicts that LISA will detect dozens of binaries in the Milky Way's globular clusters, containing various compact object combinations. This will expand the breadth of the gravitational wave spectrum, allowing for exploration of different types of objects not observable with LIGO.
Scientists have developed a statistical framework to predict chikungunya and Zika outbreaks based on dengue fever 'hot spots'. The analysis used eight years of data from Merida, Mexico, and showed that people living in these hot spots had twice the rate of infection as those outside.
University of Waterloo chemists have found a new way to process and store information by inducing magnetization in semiconductors with light. This discovery could lead to the development of faster and more efficient computing devices, potentially extending Moore's Law.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that eating a healthy diet is associated with a lower risk of acquired hearing loss in women. Those who followed the Alternate Mediterranean diet or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension had a 30% lower risk of moderate or worse hearing loss.
Researchers funded by NIH find that opioids produce effects by binding to receptors inside neurons, not just on surface, providing new insights into pain medication development. The discovery may help guide design of safer pain relievers without addiction risks.
A new chemical method is used to determine nitrogen stable isotope composition at natural abundance for ammonium, revealing source dependence of isotopic abundance in urban Beijing. Fossil fuel emissions are found to be a significant source of aerosol ammonium, accounting for 37-52% of initial ammonia concentrations.
Researchers have developed criteria for routine genetic screening of patients with medulloblastoma, a rare and malignant tumor predominantly affecting children. This analysis of 1022 patients identified six genes frequently affected by genetic alterations, increasing cancer risk in up to 20% of the patient population.
A study found that over 4 in 5 patients received potentially inappropriate prescriptions, with multiple medications increasing the risk of hospital readmissions and death. The use of STOPP and START criteria identified PIMs and PPOs, highlighting a significant concern for older adults' medication safety.
A study found that moderate coffee consumption during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of overweight or obesity in school-age children. Researchers suggest increasing caution and reducing caffeine intake to minimize this risk.
Scientists project significant climate changes in Western China and central Asia along the Millennium Silk Road by 2020 and 2030 under different warming scenarios. A half-degree reduction in global warming can avoid severe impacts on precipitation and extreme heat events.
A definitive list of never events has been established in dentistry to ensure excellent patient care globally. The consensus includes routine assessments, surgery, and equipment sterilization errors.
Researchers from ICFO and European partners cracked the code on graphene's behavior after absorbing light, revealing why conductivity increases or decreases. This breakthrough enables more efficient design and development of graphene-based light detection technology.
The largest health burden from substance use is attributed to tobacco smoking, with nearly one in seven adults worldwide smoking. In contrast, illicit drug use is less common, with fewer than one in twenty people using cannabis in the past year.
Researchers identified abnormal RNA activity linked to enlarged left atrium and atrial fibrillation. They found microRNA-21-3p levels associated with adverse heart growth, enabling potential targeted medications.
Researchers at PPPL will develop innovative X-ray diagnostics to measure plasma temperature and density, as well as tungsten content. The new instruments will provide vital information for future fusion devices.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre discovered that having excessive T cells can cause harm and imbalance disease tolerance, leading to tissue damage. The study found that a protein called cyclophilin D acts as a key checkpoint for T cell activation, controlling the body's ability to tolerate Mtb infection.
A new study reveals how a cancer gene influences cell signaling, leading to aggressive cancer growth. The researchers found that the 'swallowing' of certain molecules affects tumor suppressor genes and proliferation.
A team of Harvard scientists discovered that tiny Phoroncidia rubroargentea spiders use a combination of structural colors, pigment, and fluorescent material to produce their distinctive red and silver hues. The colors are stabilized by a tough cuticle layer, with the silver color relying on a reflective material similar to fish scales.
Researchers have developed a new method for generating fast X-rays using standard laboratory lasers, allowing them to image the movement of electrons in organic materials. This breakthrough enables the study of extreme reaction steps and could lead to improved solar cells and catalysts.
The CENTROBIN protein plays a positive role in flagellum development, while exerting negative effects on primary cilia formation. Its discovery reveals the multifunctional nature of this protein in distinct cell types.
A study published in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that alendronate reduced the risk of one-year cardiovascular death by 67% and heart attack by 45%. The medication also showed protective effects against stroke, with a 17% reduced risk over 10 years.
Researchers challenge trophy hunting's effectiveness in wildlife conservation, citing moral concerns and advocating for ecotourism alternatives. They argue charging hunters to kill animals is a last resort rather than a fallback plan.
A new study by USC Institute for Creative Technologies found that avatar appearance may not affect player involvement in certain game contexts. The research used photorealistic self-similar avatars and found no negative effects on performance or subjective enjoyment among female players.
A recent study found that the majority of eligible patients receive cancer immunotherapy drugs within four months of FDA approval. However, the researchers noted that these patients are often older than those in clinical trials, which could impact treatment effectiveness.
A new report in Science shows that larger females invest disproportionately more in the number of eggs and size of individual eggs. This finding is critical for fisheries management, suggesting a focus on reducing fishing pressure on large fish rather than small ones.
A new study shows that centenarians outperform younger individuals in recognizing natural foods, indicating the role of experience in shaping semantic memory. The research reveals a decline in semantic memory function only after age 90, making it a potential early indicator for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found that brain cells react to endogenous opioids and synthetic opioids in distinct ways, with synthetic opioids activating receptors in internal locations that endogenous opioids cannot access. This difference could contribute to the more rewarding effects of synthetic opioids, leading to addiction.
A survey of interventional cardiologists found that two-thirds avoided performing potentially lifesaving procedures due to concerns about public reporting. Physicians reported being pressured by colleagues to avoid procedures, even if they were preferred for the patient's condition.
Ants working together use switching between two types of motion to overcome barriers, with smaller groups favoring squeezing through a narrow hole and larger groups using sideways motions around the barrier. The size of the food item determines which mode of motion will dominate.
Researchers propose lutetium as a superior element for atomic clocks, offering lower sensitivity to temperature. This could lead to more accurate and stable timekeeping, with potential applications in fundamental physics and global positioning systems.
A new study from Oregon State University found that young Latina women who have experienced racial or ethnic discrimination are less satisfied overall with their contraceptive care. The study highlights the importance of addressing everyday instances of discrimination to improve satisfaction and access to effective contraceptives.
A team of researchers used machine-learning techniques to reconstruct a short movie of small, randomly moving discs from signals produced by rat retinal neurons. Nonlinear decoding methods outperformed linear decoders in accurately reconstructing the movie.
A study published in Journal of the Royal Society Interface examines how humans resolve conflicts through social constructs, finding that 'host-guest norms' are a common solution. The research suggests that these norms may have evolved due to the dynamic nature of social networks and the importance of resource ownership.
Researchers have identified a new vulnerability in drug-resistant melanoma that can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells. By targeting this vulnerability with vorinostat, resistant tumor cells are killed while sensitive cells remain alive.
Researchers at UConn improved the performance of an atomically thin semiconductor material by stretching it, a technique that could lead to faster computer processors and more efficient sensors. The study, published in Nano Letters, found a 100-fold increase in photoluminescence when the material was subjected to strain.
Researchers developed a brain-computer interface that uses mutual learning to improve control for tetraplegic individuals. The system allowed users to adapt and learn at their own pace, leading to significant improvements in performance.
Kristopher Olshefski, a Montana State University graduate student, has won a prestigious Graduate Research Fellowship from the National Science Foundation. He will use the award to advance his research on fluid sprays, which could lead to improvements in vehicle fuel efficiency and the development of new propulsion systems for spacecraft.
A recent clinical study found that most parents-to-be want access to information from preconception carrier screening, including genetic variants associated with common disorders. However, the interpretation of these variants remains a significant challenge due to limited knowledge about their effects on health.
A new study found that over half of older adults (56%) have a high risk of OSA, but only 8% have been tested, highlighting the need for increased evaluation and treatment.
Over 65s value technology to aid medication adherence, but prioritize familiarity and ease of use. Concerns include data security, dependence on tech, and consequences of failures.
A deadly disease threatening frogs originated in East Asia, with global trade and human movement of amphibians contributing to its spread. The study found that the range of the disease expanded greatly between 50 and 120 years ago, coinciding with the rapid expansion of intercontinental trade.
Carbon nanotubes are proving to be highly versatile for all types of spaceflight applications, including analyzing the chemical properties of rocks and soil on airless bodies. The nanotechnology works as envisioned, emitting enough electrons to excite samples and offering significant improvements over existing instruments.
The Steel and Metals Institute at Swansea University will transform the UK iron and steel making industry into a low-carbon, resource-efficient sector. The research focuses on smart steel processing of high-value products, including sustainable packaging made from steel.
FontCode embeds hidden information in ordinary text by imperceptibly changing font shapes, making it difficult to detect. The method works with most fonts and document types, allowing companies to prevent tampering and protect copyrights without altering the layout.
A study from Indiana University's Kelley School of Business found that female entrepreneurs seeking initial investment through crowdfunding efforts are perceived as more trustworthy than their male counterparts. This perception increases overall investment in female-led ventures, leading to higher funding success rates.
A study by Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology reveals that live-cell imaging can detect chromosomal abnormalities in bovine IVF embryos, increasing pregnancy success rates. The technique identifies half of morphologically transferable embryos as having nuclear/chromosomal abnormalities, which may lead to abortion.
Scientists at the University of Tsukuba have created an electrode based on 'holey' graphene that efficiently catalyzes the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic electrolyte, making it cheaper and more effective. The new system outperforms regular non-holey graphene electrodes in acid conditions.
A study found that multigene testing is more likely to identify disease-associated genetic variants than BRCA-only testing, but may reveal mutations of uncertain clinical significance. The shift reflects a growing acceptance of multigene panel tests as a more clinically useful option for patients and their relatives.
Researchers discovered pterocarpanquinones and carbapterocarpans, LQB-118 and LQB-223, with anti-tumor activity against MDR leukemias. The compounds target various mechanisms of drug resistance, including FoxM1 and NF-B regulation, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle progression.
Researchers at Purdue University have demonstrated the theoretical existence of thermoacoustics in solids, which could lead to the development of solid-state engines and refrigerators. The technology harnesses temperature oscillations and sound waves to generate energy, making it suitable for harsh environments like outer space.
New UBC research suggests access to flexible work arrangements, such as working from home and choosing hours, improves wages for mothers, particularly those with a university degree. Flexible work benefits primarily by reducing barriers to employment in higher-paying firms, offering an important lesson for hiring managers.
A recent study published in Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica found that women with high physical activity levels had a reduced risk of acute cesarean sections. The Norwegian Fit for Delivery study also showed no other effects on labor or delivery outcomes.