Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that mature inhibitory neurons can be transformed into a different type of neuron without relying on stem cells. The study reveals the possibility of changing mature neurons in adulthood and may lead to therapeutic strategies for treating neurological diseases.
The University of Texas at Arlington and Naval Surface Warfare Center Philadelphia Division have signed an Education Partnership Agreement to share scientific assets, involve faculty and students in U.S. Navy research projects, and develop educational courses.
Researchers discover water molecule stabilizes Tn antigen structure, leading to different interactions with cell receptors and antibodies. This finding has implications for developing synthetic molecules that can trigger a stronger immune response against cancer cells.
A study of identical twins found that parenting styles that are harsher and less warm increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior and callous-unemotional traits in children. The researchers suggest that interventions aimed at improving parental warmth and reducing harshness could help prevent these behaviors.
Scientists analyze cloud top temperatures to understand storm strength, with NASA's Aqua satellite providing critical data on Category 4 Hurricane Sergio. The storm's intense cloud tops were as cold as -87 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating a high potential for heavy rainfall.
Researchers accidentally convert mature inhibitory neurons into dopamine-producing cells using a cocktail of proteins. The new cells show rhythmic activity and network connections similar to native dopaminergic neurons.
Researchers have identified NOTCH 1 as a key player in the metastasis of medulloblastoma, a type of pediatric brain cancer. The study also suggests that targeting this protein could lead to a more effective treatment option with fewer side effects.
A deep learning approach can identify nuanced mammographic imaging features specific to recalled but benign (false-positive) mammograms, distinguishing them from those identified as malignant or negative. The study achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76-0.91, indicating high performance in detecting false recalls.
Researchers at UNH's Prevention Innovations Research Center created two video games to teach bystander intervention skills in situations of sexual and relationship violence and stalking. The interactive scenario game was especially effective in increasing male attitudes toward bystander intervention.
Researchers warn that geoengineering and alternative solutions like tree planting, biochar, and NETs (negative emissions technologies) won't be enough to meet climate goals. Emission cuts remain the only sure way to limit global warming to 1.5C or less.
A new study finds that regular physical activity improves lung function in current smokers, regardless of air pollution levels. The study, led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health, analyzed data from over 4,500 people and found that physical activity benefits even in areas with high air pollution.
A study published in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery found that day of discharge has no impact on hospital readmissions for patients after major heart surgery. The research credited education and outpatient intervention programs with improved patient outcomes.
Scientists successfully grew three-dimensional salivary gland tissue that produced saliva in mice, paving the way for potential treatments for patients with failing organs. The research used embryonic stem cells to create an organoid, a simplified three-dimensional tissue that resembles a real organ.
A new study reveals that protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) is acting from fat tissue to worsen disease, pointing to a new function in this dynamic organ. Fat tissue reveals striking differences in cell shape and size in the presence and absence of PKCε.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that agreeableness is associated with lower savings, higher debt and higher default rates. Agreeable individuals care less about money, leading to a higher risk of money mismanagement, especially for those with lower incomes.
Researchers found that a blood test identified significantly more treatable mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than a tissue biopsy alone. Patients with actionable mutations detected by the liquid biopsy responded favorably to targeted therapies, achieving high clinical response rates.
Most Canadian smokers favour novel policies to reduce tobacco use, with 70% supporting lower nicotine levels in cigarettes. The study also found that 59% of smokers support a ban on all marketing of tobacco products.
Experimental physicists at the University of Illinois have created a new disorder-induced topological state, previously predicted to occur in electronic materials. The topological Anderson insulator phase was first discovered theoretically in 2009 and its origin was further explained in subsequent works.
A study by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found a significant drop in public confidence in vaccines after the Philippines' Dengvaxia crisis. In 2015, 93% of respondents strongly agreed that vaccines are important, but this dropped to 32% in 2018.
A UBC team has sequenced the complete genome of lavender, opening doors for further research and analysis. The draft genome helps identify genes directing essential oil production and regulatory elements controlling its expression.
Researchers transplanted human brain cells into mice brains to study the development and function of these cells in a natural environment. The study found that brain cells from individuals with Down syndrome were less coordinated but more stable than those without the condition.
The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed a new resource for teaching synthetic biology to kindergartners through high school using an affordable, hands-on kit called BioBitTM. The kit enables experiments that circumvent current barriers in science education and fills a gap in STEM education.
Researchers have developed new techniques to detect Lyme disease bacteria weeks sooner than current tests, indicating active infection and enabling quicker treatment. The new direct tests detect DNA or protein from Borrelia burgdorferi, increasing the accuracy of an early diagnosis.
The UK Catalysis Hub will focus on developing new catalysts for sustainable energy, clean water, and low-carbon manufacturing. The hub aims to leverage its research capabilities to drive innovation and economic growth.
A study published in Human Reproduction found that accounting for cellular variability in endometrial gene expression profiles improves the accuracy of biomarker discovery. This approach can increase IVF success rates for couples who have experienced repeated IVF failure.
New findings suggest that the immune system's response to a protein called GDP-L-fucose synthase, found in both human cells and bacteria, may play a key role in multiple sclerosis. The protein is believed to activate T cells in the intestine, leading to an inflammatory cascade that damages the protective coating around nerve cells.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new technique called CRISPR-GO, which allows them to manipulate the genome in three-dimensional space. By reorganizing genetic elements in different locations within the nucleus, scientists can alter their function and study the impact on cell behavior.
Researchers find that widely-used correction methods are based on a faulty assumption, potentially leading to inaccurate predictions. The team proposes new universal method for prediction that works for the right reasons.
Researchers have developed a new method for imaging breast cancer using Cornell dots, which are smaller than 8 nanometers and can be cleared by the kidneys. The dots are equipped with antibody fragments that target HER2-positive breast cancer cells, achieving high in vivo tumor uptake rates of up to 17.2 percent.
Researchers at Osaka University have discovered carrier multiplication in certain perovskites, increasing efficiency up to 44% compared to traditional solar cells. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of more efficient photodetectors and solar cells.
Researchers used human retinal tissue grown from stem cells to discover how cone photoreceptors develop, leading to insights into eye diseases like color blindness. Thyroid hormone signaling regulated the growth of blue-detecting cones first, followed by red- and green-detecting ones.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a light-active version of heme that can help inactivate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The technology uses a simple LED array to activate the photosensitizer, which rapidly kills MRSA strains.
Researchers have successfully produced healthy mice with two mothers, who go on to have normal offspring of their own. In contrast, mice with two fathers only survived for a couple of days. The breakthrough uses haploid embryonic stem cells and targeted gene editing to overcome genomic imprinting barriers.
Children with arthrogryposis have lower brain cortex power than healthy children, despite similar neurodynamics. This decrease is likely due to reduced motor activity, which affects their reaction speed and cognitive functions.
Researchers at the University of York have discovered a protein in fruit flies that regulates insulin and is also found in mosquitoes carrying diseases like malaria and yellow fever. This finding opens new pathways for drug design and could lead to better understanding of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers identified a genetic susceptibility locus on chromosome 5 that predisposes African-American children to migraines. The study suggests that genes involved in neurotransmitter release may be targeted for future migraine treatments.
A team of geoscientists studied the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand, finding that smaller eruptions reset magma chambers over decades to centuries. This understanding can aid predictions of similar eruptions and mitigate supereruptions.
A new UC Davis study found that consumers can accurately identify fake images, rating credibility low on a scale. The study suggests that internet skills and social media use are key predictors of image credibility evaluation.
The Dartmouth Institute has received a $3.5 million grant to test preventative interventions for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual learning collaboratives with and without automated surveillance reporting.
Researchers discovered that cells in the cerebellum, or 'little brain', have unique metabolic needs. The study found that blocking an enzyme regulating mitochondria impairs cerebellar development more than other parts of the brain.
A study published in Pediatric Research found that babies born to overweight mothers are more likely to develop regulatory problems, including excessive crying and feeding difficulties. The research suggests that prenatal factors, such as maternal weight during early pregnancy, may contribute to these issues.
A study found that post-Brexit immigration restrictions would significantly damage the UK's science output and international research reputation. The research also revealed a substantial contribution of European doctors to the UK's healthcare system.
Researchers have developed measurement-device-independent quantum communication without encryption, eliminating key security loopholes. This protocol uses Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs to ensure secure communication over long distances and high capacities.
Researchers from Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias have discovered a star with an atmosphere devoid of metals, which is believed to be one of the oldest objects in the Milky Way. The study provides valuable information about the origin of the universe and the formation of the first stars.
Researchers at Iowa State University investigate how childhood emotional connections with physical activity influence adult attitudes and behaviors. They suspect the prefrontal cortex plays a significant role in regulating emotions during exercise. The study, using children aged 7-9, aims to measure brain activity, exertion, and pleasu...
Research finds that infants' early speech production can predict their later literacy skills. Children with more complex babble as infants performed better in letter identification tests at age six.
Researchers from the University of Bath have identified the genetic basis for iridophore formation in zebrafish, a process that allows shoals to flash silver. The study used a combination of genetic techniques and mathematical modeling to pinpoint key genes driving this complex process.
Researchers have discovered that host responses during sepsis progression can vary in important ways based on pathogen type. Boosting anti-inflammatory enzymes or using neuraminidase inhibitors showed therapeutic approaches, indicating a potential direction for drug development.
A new study found that technology-based positive psychology exercises can significantly improve the quality of life and reduce depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients. Patients who completed the five-week pilot study reported improved coping skills and emotional well-being.
University of Toronto researchers found that higher levels of urinary fluoride during pregnancy are linked to more ADHD-like symptoms in school-age children. The study analyzed data from over 200 mother-child pairs and found a strong association between prenatal fluoride exposure and inattentive behaviors.
A UBC study discovered that many cannabis strains have virtually identical levels of THC and CBD, contradicting their unique street names. The research also found new, previously unknown cannabinoids in low quantities that could be related to pharmacological effects and serve as a source of new medicines.
A new anatomical description of the car-sized sauropod relative Sarahsaurus aurifontanalis has shed light on its evolutionary changes and potential clues to why some dinosaurs got so big. The fossils, discovered in Arizona, provide a rare glimpse into the anatomy of these massive creatures.
A recent study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found that drinking water fluoride levels significantly impact pregnant women's urine. Researchers discovered that Canadian cities with fluoridated public drinking water have higher urinary fluoride levels compared to non-fluoridated areas.
Facial scans aim to identify Phelan-McDermid syndrome in children by analyzing characteristic flattening and brow shape. This could enable quicker diagnoses and better treatment options for affected families.
Disruptive startups attract funding quickly but receive less money than conventional counterparts. Investors are drawn to self-proclaimed disruptors who promise extraordinary returns, but may also deter large investments due to perceived risk.
The Society of Breast Imaging has partnered with Oxford University Press to launch the Journal of Breast Imaging, providing a platform for high-quality, evidence-based content on breast imaging. The journal aims to advance the field of breast imaging, improving patient care and outcomes.
Researchers have successfully created a blue rose through genetic engineering by expressing pigment-producing enzymes from bacteria in white roses, resulting in a blue color. The team's breakthrough could lead to the mass production of true-blue roses without dye or injections.
A European consortium has successfully tested a cutting-edge millimeter wave wireless technology, transmitting data at speeds of up to 10 Gigabit per second in real-world environment. The breakthrough addresses two major 5G challenges: wirelessly connecting new small cells networks and bridging the digital divide in rural areas.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University investigated the virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae in neonates with sepsis and urinary tract infections. They found that rmpA gene-containing strains were associated with more severe diseases, revealing a higher prevalence of virulent K. pneumoniae strains than previously thought.
Patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated at academic centers had higher 2-year survival rates than those treated at community-based centers. The study found significant differences in survival outcomes based on facility type, histology, and molecular profile.