A study by UCSF researchers found that user-friendly websites and easy-to-read advance directives can increase engagement in advance care planning among older adults. The PREPARE For Your Care website showed promise for empowering diverse populations, with high levels of new advance care planning documentation in medical records.
The American Psychiatric Association and the American Telemedicine Association have released new best practices for videoconferencing-based mental health services, covering topics such as emergency situations, technical considerations, and patient selection. These guidelines aim to enhance the delivery of effective and safe telemental ...
Deforestation in Haiti has led to the loss of primary forest cover on 42 of its 50 largest mountains. This has resulted in mass extinctions among reptiles, amphibians, and other vertebrates. The study's findings suggest that over the next two decades, all of Haiti's remaining primary forest will be lost.
A new study found that around one in 10 people are considering opting out of a proposed new system that aims to increase organ donation by presuming consent. The research suggests that campaigns targeting feelings and emotions may be more effective than interventions that present facts.
A new Duke study reveals that mock jurors' confidence in guilt increases with the severity of the alleged crime, regardless of evidence. The study found that DNA and non-DNA physical evidence have a significant impact on jurors' decisions, while prior convictions have less effect.
Scientists have discovered how the Seneca Valley Virus interacts with tumor receptors, allowing it to selectively target cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. The study provides detailed images of the virus and its receptor, enabling researchers to design improved cancer therapies.
Researchers discovered a new compound that enhances the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors, commonly used to treat multiple myeloma. The compound targets protein disulfide isomerases, making it effective against drug-resistant cells. This breakthrough offers hope for patients with this cancer.
Scientists discovered millions of tumor-associated end coordinates in circulating DNA from hepatocellular carcinoma patients. This detection method could enhance the cost-effectiveness of liquid cancer biopsies by identifying cancer biomarkers more readily.
Researchers engineer organisms with hybrid RNA-DNA genomes to explore the transition from RNA to DNA and the origins of mitochondria. This allows them to probe key theories about early evolution and gain insights into the emergence of complex life forms.
Scientists at Stevens Institute of Technology and Columbia University have developed a method to create large numbers of quantum light sources on a chip with unprecedented precision. The new platform enables the creation of single-photon emitters in defined locations, leading to record-high firing rates and improved efficiency.
A team of scientists will investigate solutions to limit the impact of annual bluegrass on turf systems, evaluating cultural practices and non-chemical management options. The project aims to improve profitability and social benefits for sod production farms, golf courses, athletic fields, and residential turf systems.
A recent study published by the American Psychological Association found that people's search for meaning in life is strongly associated with a need for excitement and support for political violence. The researchers suggest that providing thrilling but non-violent alternatives may help curb the impulse to harm.
A new study finds that women receiving hormone-blocking injections during chemotherapy have a higher chance of becoming pregnant without negative side effects. The injections protect the ovaries from chemotherapy's effects, reducing the risk of early menopause and improving survival rates.
A Chinese research team has developed a new chemical looping process for synthesizing ammonia from nitrogen gas, water, and renewable energy. The process offers great promise for saving energy and reducing carbon dioxide emissions, potentially addressing the challenges of the energy and environmental crisis.
The new magnetostrictive transducer from SwRI offers more precise inspections and reduces human error in structural health monitoring. It can withstand extreme temperatures and automatically adjusts frequencies, making it an extremely reliable sensor for detecting material flaws and corrosion.
A new study finds that Bitcoin's heavy hardware requirements and large electricity demands could produce enough emissions to warm the planet above 2°C in just 22 years. The use of bitcoins emitted 69 million metric tons of CO2 in 2017.
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that oral curcumin did not reduce inflammation or improve outcomes in patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. In fact, the study showed an increased risk of post-surgical kidney damage in patients taking curcumin.
Researchers have discovered a new catalyst made from manganese that is comparable in ability to split water as platinum and other metal-based alternatives. The stability of the catalyst makes it potentially suitable for hydrogen fuel cells, which could lead to wide-scale adoption of the technology.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new method to process larger volumes of fluid using individual fibers, overcoming limitations in traditional microfluidic devices. This innovation enables the detection of rare substances, such as cancerous cells among millions of normal cells.
Researchers developed novel quantum dots for enhanced mRNA FISH, achieving accurate RNA counting and 3D cell imaging. The new probe overcomes FISH limitations with compact quantum dots, providing stable and efficient labeling.
Researchers find that greater freedom of movement and social opportunities can help vulnerable populations adapt to climate change. Policies giving people more freedoms reduce the impact of environmental changes on these groups.
Researchers found biomarkers of nicotine in 1,200-year-old stone pipes from the Columbia River Basin, challenging the idea that bearberry was the main ritual smoke plant. The discovery establishes a history of ritual tobacco use in the interior Pacific Northwest, informing education and smoking abatement programs.
A study by Rice University researchers found that Texas would be healthier with stronger limits on sulfur dioxide emissions from coal plants. The study analyzed 13 coal plants and concluded that particulate matter is the deadliest air pollutant, causing respiratory diseases, heart attacks, and strokes.
The study proposes a three-tier architecture based on an ant colony algorithm to improve Cloud performance, reducing response time and cost.
Students from lower-income neighborhoods who attended top-performing Los Angeles County high schools were less likely to abuse marijuana. Attending one of these schools was linked to lower marijuana use, fewer peers abusing drugs, and improved academic performance.
The OpenSuperQ project aims to develop a 100-qubit quantum computer with applications in chemistry and materials science. The consortium will establish close links with European and international research and industry players to maximize the project's impact.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have found a way to inhibit T-cell activation by targeting nitration of an amino acid in cancer cells. This approach could enhance cancer immunotherapy by identifying activity-based markers and designing approaches that shut down specific mechanisms inhibiting T-cell activation.
Researchers at Washington State University have uncovered evidence of ancient tobacco smoking in the interior Pacific Northwest dating back over 1,200 years. The study's findings challenge long-held views on the region's pre-contact smoking practices and highlight the sophistication of indigenous cultures in managing plants and animals.
Researchers at VIB and KU Leuven uncovered a critical role of the long non-coding RNA SAMMSON in boosting protein synthesis, enabling unrestrained cell growth. The study identifies SAMMSON as an essential step in melanoma initiation.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed a practical proposal known as random circuit sampling (RCS) to prove quantum supremacy in quantum computers. This technique uses complex mathematical constructs to demonstrate the 'quantum accent' of a device, making it difficult for classical computers to replicate.
A new experimental vaccine has shown to reduce the risk of secondary strokes caused by blood clots for over two months without triggering an autoimmune response. The vaccine, S100A9, provides protection against blood clot formation and works as well as oral blood thinner clopidogrel in a major artery.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge found that epigenetic marks are reprogrammed from one generation to the next, contradicting previous theories. Only a small percentage of variably-methylated transposable elements showed evidence of epigenetic inheritance.
A Canadian study found that truck drivers experience high rates of musculoskeletal pain and discomfort, with factors including organizational safety climate, job satisfaction, and physical fitness contributing to the issue. The study identified potential solutions, such as holistic programs addressing multiple risk factors, and encoura...
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that waiting at least 18 months between pregnancies reduces risks for both mothers and babies. The research suggests that a gap of 12-18 months is the optimal interval, with risks to the mother decreasing significantly after this period.
Researchers have discovered how cancer cells' cell replication is derailed, leading to rapid tumour expansion. The findings could help predict how cancer cells respond to chemotherapy and improve understanding of cancer evolution.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology is honoring distinguished ophthalmologists like Steven T. Charles, M.D., for their scientific contributions to preventing blindness and restoring sight worldwide. Other notable recipients include David Heiden, M.D., and William L. White, M.D., who have made significant impacts through humanitarian ...
A new study published by the American Academy of Ophthalmology suggests that taking metformin, a common diabetes medication, can lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration. Researchers found that patients who took metformin had half as many cases of AMD compared to those who did not.
A recent study by La Trobe University found that Australians are re-evaluating their relationship with alcohol, with younger adults being key drivers of change. The research revealed that 30% of Aussies have reduced their drink intake and 6% have quit drinking altogether.
Research explores effects of crude oil on native salmon populations, finding exposure causes toxic changes in hearts, brains, and performance abilities. Crude oil also leads to long-term consequences including mortality and brain damage.
Two studies using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) reveal altered retinal blood vessels in patients with Alzheimer's disease, even before symptoms appear. Researchers hope this new method will enable early detection and treatment of the condition.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology has received a $2 million gift from the Knights Templar Eye Foundation to establish a permanent research fund focused on pediatric ophthalmology. The fund will leverage the IRIS Registry to uncover optimal approaches to prevention and treatment for common and rare eye diseases affecting children.
Research finds that bigger stingless bee species can fly better in high-temperature conditions than smaller counterparts. This contradicts the well-established temperature-size rule, which predicts that ectotherms should be larger in cold climates and smaller in hot ones.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology has announced the construction of a public museum dedicated to vision and eye health in San Francisco. The $12 million project will feature immersive exhibits, virtual reality headsets, and interactive screens showcasing the history of ophthalmology and its latest innovations.
A study comparing transplant data from the US and France reveals that approximately 2,000 donated kidneys are discarded annually in the US, despite a shortage of organs. Adopting greater willingness to accept higher-risk donor groups could provide an additional 132,445 allograft life-years.
Researchers discuss potential benefits of inducing torpor in humans for spaceflight and medical treatment. Synthetic torpor could protect astronauts from radiation hazards and reduce demands on spacecraft mass.
Frailty in kidney failure patients is associated with lower likelihoods of being placed on the transplant waitlist and receiving a transplant. Frail participants had nearly twofold increased risk of dying while on the transplant waitlist and underwent transplantation at a 35% lower rate than nonfrail participants.
Research suggests that climate change-associated flooding can reduce seawater salt content, inducing stress in oyster animals. Even the most tolerant groups show vulnerability to future freshwater flooding events.
Professor Ted Charsley, a leading authority on thermal analysis, received the prestigious David Dollimore ESTAC Award at the 12th European Symposium on Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. He was recognized for his outstanding contributions to the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry.
Hurricane Willa produced heavy rainfall totals over 20 inches in the Pacific Ocean off Mexico's coast, with 15 inches in parts of Mexico and Southeastern Texas. NASA's IMERG data analysis revealed these extreme rainfall accumulations using satellite data from the GPM Constellation.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured visible images of Super Typhoon Yutu, showing an oblong eye surrounded by powerful thunderstorms. The storm underwent an eyewall replacement cycle, resulting in a contracting eye and weakening winds before strengthening again as the outer eye wall contracts.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology identify PP2A B55δ as a major regulator of alcohol fermentation by yeast. Understanding this molecular pathway could lead to ways to chemically enhance production of fermented beverages like sake.
A study of female childhood cancer survivors found that genetic profiling can identify high-risk individuals for subsequent breast cancer. Polygenic determinants and rare mutations significantly contribute to breast cancer risk, with a notable age-specific association in younger women.
A team of researchers has developed a mutual information approach to interpreting atmospheric data collected over an 18-year period, finding strong correlations between new-particle formation and water content, sulfuric acid concentration, temperature, and relative humidity.
Mule deer migration routes in Wyoming reveal a strong link between fitness and nutritional condition. The research identifies landscape features that facilitate movement and access to forage, while also highlighting the importance of avoiding human disturbance.
Researchers debunked the effectiveness of EnChroma glasses for color blind individuals, showing they do not improve color vision or correct color blindness. The study used 48 volunteers and multiple testing methods, concluding that the glasses' effect is similar to those used for specific activities, such as hunting.
A new study has found that frequent home hemodialysis is associated with a lower mortality risk compared to traditional hemodialysis. The study analyzed data from over 1,700 patients and found that HHD patients were 23% less likely to die during follow-up than IHD patients.
A recent study found that wood smoke exposure results in higher inflammatory markers for male subjects and lower inflammatory markers for female subjects. The researchers suggest that sex-specific effects may be missed when lumping data together, emphasizing the need to consider sex-specific responses when studying environmental pollut...
Researchers at Stanford University have created two frameworks, RoboTurk and SURREAL, that enable humans to teach robots basic skills more efficiently. The systems allow people to direct robot arms to perform tasks like picking up objects in real-time using a smartphone and browser.
Researchers in Barcelona have received an ERC Synergy grant to study chronic lymphocytic leukemia at unprecedented resolution using single-cell analysis. The BCLL@las project aims to generate comprehensive information from thousands of individual cells, leading to novel insights into the origin and evolution of cancer.
Virginia Tech will create an international business education program focusing on East Asia with the new grant. The program will integrate language and culture studies through coursework, study abroad, and internships in China, Korea, and Southeast Asia.