A study published in EMBO Molecular Medicine suggests that blocking the protease MT1-MMP could protect the vasculature in the inflamed gut and reduce severity of colitis. The research found that inhibiting this protease could have potential clinical implications, including identifying biomarkers for mild IBD.
Researchers developed a colon-on-a-chip device using patient-derived cells, enabling the study of intestinal mucus barrier functions and host-microbiome interactions. The device produced a bi-layered mucus structure that mimics the human intestinal surface.
Researchers at Colorado State University reveal that soil organic matter has two distinct components: particulate and mineral-associated organic matter, which differ in their origin, makeup, and persistence. Recognizing this diversity is essential for developing effective strategies to sequester carbon and promote soil health.
Two studies presented at RSNA 2019 used MRI and functional imaging to reveal disrupted blood-brain barriers in patients with major depressive disorder. The findings suggest a link between impaired brain connectivity and emotional regulation, potentially leading to new treatments for depression.
Scientists at Harvard University created an all-glass, centimeter-scale metalens with nanostructures that can focus light, revolutionizing applications like microscopy, cameras, and sensors. The breakthrough enables mass production of large metalenses using conventional chip fabrication methods.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism for detecting foreign material during early immune responses, which could help detect elusive cancers. ERAP1 protein can break down peptides bound to MHC I, allowing immune cells to recognize and destroy infected cells.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a microfluidic technology to study diseases such as breast cancer and schizophrenia using low-input sequencing methods like MOWChIP-seq, allowing for the analysis of epigenomes in smaller cell numbers.
Researchers at VTT created an optical fibre from cellulose, suitable for measuring moisture levels in buildings. The cellulose-based fibre absorbs and releases water, allowing for accurate measurements.
Researchers at Newcastle University have found that layering Manuka honey between layers of surgical mesh acts as a natural antibiotic, inhibiting bacteria growth and preventing infection. The study showcases the potential benefits of infusing medical implants with honey, offering an alternative to antibiotics.
A study reveals that Group A Streptococcus produces a novel protein called S protein, which binds to red blood cells to evade the immune system. This mechanism increases bacterial virulence and decreases survival in infected mice.
A study by the UBC Sauder School of Business found that customer mistreatment significantly links to employee quit rates. When supervisors treat employees with dignity and respect, workers are more likely to stay in their jobs.
Researchers found identical structures in horseshoe crab and ancient sea scorpion eyes, suggesting contrast enhancement evolved over 400 million years. The findings shed light on the evolution of compound eyes in arthropods.
A new Tel Aviv University study finds that consuming a starch-rich breakfast early in the morning and a small dinner may improve glycemic control among type 2 diabetics, reducing the need for insulin injections. The researchers' 3M-diet was shown to have significant benefits, including weight loss and improved sugar levels.
Flinders University researchers have developed a method to enhance plant tolerance to climate change stressors by manipulating mitochondrial respiration. This approach has shown promise in improving plant recovery from drought and high light conditions.
New research highlights the urgent need to protect national parks from invasive animal species, which can cause loss of wildlife, decrease visitor enjoyment, introduce diseases, and have significant economic impacts. The National Park Service has taken steps to combat this issue, but more action is needed.
The article highlights Russia's nuclear industry's efforts to combat climate change by sharing its educational expertise globally. The researchers emphasize the need for a new 'educational paradigm' to secure the transfer of knowledge to a digital economy, focusing on training personnel in emerging technologies.
Researchers discovered an abrupt shift in electron behavior in high-temperature superconductors, revealing a 'strange metal' state with collective electrons. This finding challenges existing theories and opens new avenues for exploration.
Researchers from DUT and SUTD developed novel rhodamines to overcome fluorophore brightness limitations in SMLM, enabling clearer resolution and analysis of cellular structures. The new dyes show increased fluorescence brightness and 'photon budget', crucial for high-resolution imaging.
A new study found that while social media analysis may identify those with depression symptoms, users are concerned about the risks to their privacy. Many respondents were uneasy with the concept of profiling their SM content for depression and feared stigmatisation or misdiagnosis.
A team of researchers at the University of Rome Tor Vergata has developed a novel approach to build and dismantle DNA nanostructures using antibodies. They engineered DNA bricks with recognition tags that assemble in the presence of specific antibodies, enabling the creation of intelligent nanostructures with potential applications in ...
A recent study found that Finnish rivers are transporting 280,000 tonnes more carbon to the Baltic Sea each year than in the early 1990s. The increase is primarily attributed to climate change and its effects on precipitation and temperature.
The Quantitative Colour Pattern Analysis (QCPA) framework uses digital image processing techniques to analyze complex visual information in animals. This enables researchers to understand how animals see the world, including color patterns and behavior, which drives their behavior.
A 25-fold increase in UK children's vitamin D supplement prescriptions has been recorded, with high doses and no prior testing common. Most GPs fail to follow nationally set recommendations for vitamin D supplementation.
Researchers developed a remote-controlled 'smart' platform to mimic natural extracellular matrix-mediated endothelialization. The platform uses shape-memory polymers and gold nanorods to direct programmed vascular endothelium remodeling in a temporally controllable manner, offering new possibilities for treating cardiovascular disease.
A new study analyzed X-ray and CT scans of people injured in e-scooter accidents, finding that the majority had injuries to their upper extremities, particularly wrists. The study emphasizes the importance of helmet use and speed limits to prevent such injuries.
The 2019 Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering is awarded to four US engineers who created the first global satellite-based positioning system, GPS. The award celebrates the global benefit of engineering innovation on humanity.
Successful tech entrepreneurs prefer cities with a strong social support network and modest funding opportunities. The study reveals that social connections play a significant role in attracting and retaining talent, with young entrepreneurs aged early 30s being the most successful.
Researchers identified a potential new therapy for lymphatic filariasis, a disabling parasitic disease, using innovative RNA sequencing techniques. The experimental cancer drug JQ1 effectively kills adult worms in laboratory settings and may be more effective than standard treatments.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Genetics confirms that CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology is highly accurate and minimizes off-target effects. The research, conducted on zebrafish, adds to a growing body of work suggesting that unintended mutations from gene editing are extremely rare.
Researchers developed AI models for chest X-ray interpretation that can detect fractures, nodules, opacity and pneumothorax as effectively as experienced radiologists. The models were trained on large datasets and evaluated using a panel of radiologists to increase expert consensus and accuracy.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Granada found that laws and regulations play a crucial role in reducing pollution, with compulsory laws exerting a stronger effect than voluntary measures. The study, which analyzed over 70 studies and 97,000 firm observations from around the world, concludes that outcome-based regulat...
Researchers at Kanazawa University develop a scanning electrochemical cell microscopy technique to engineer the catalytic properties of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. The study reveals changes in catalytic activity at edges, terrace features and heterojunctions, which agrees with previous reports.
Researchers have designed a novel material exhibiting a metal-insulator transition near 600 degrees Celsius, revealing its potential for high-temperature sensors and power electronics. The discovery could inform the design of quantum materials platforms for future electronics.
Typhoon Kammuri made landfall in the Philippines on December 2, bringing maximum sustained winds of 115 knots. NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite provided infrared and nighttime imagery of the storm, revealing a thick band of powerful thunderstorms around its eye.
Researchers at Samara Polytech have created mathematical models to calculate noise propagation in power plants and gas-water systems. Their software products can detect source and cause of vibration, simplifying calculations and improving equipment functioning and service life.
A new study reveals that concussion damage affects the way information is transmitted between brain hemispheres. Researchers found a delay in reaction time when processing words presented to the left visual field, indicating a problem with information crossing from one hemisphere to another.
Scientists at Scripps Research developed a method to rapidly discover compounds that restore anti-tumor activity in immune cells called T cells. The approach identified 19 compounds that can reawaken exhausted T cells, potentially leading to new combination-immunotherapy regimens against cancers and persistent infections.
A study led by Professor Maureen Dollard explores the link between toxic workplaces and mental health issues in Australia, finding a strong correlation between corporate cultures and antidepressant use. The research aims to determine if unhealthy work environments contribute to Australia's high levels of depression and anxiety.
A growing segment of Americans travels farther to worship, but frequent attendance makes them more committed to their neighborhood. Researchers found that attending services less frequently due to distance does not necessarily lead to a stronger sense of community.
A new study found that corals are more likely to eat microplastics when fed other food sources, but not when given microplastics alone. The research suggests that some coral species may adapt to life with microplastics, while others may be negatively impacted by chronic exposure.
Researchers introduce the concept of financial infidelity, defined as engaging in a financial behavior expected to elicit disapproval and intentionally failing to disclose it. The study's findings reveal that consumers prone to financial infidelity exhibit stronger preferences for secretive purchase options and concealing their actions.
A researcher is studying how carbon moves through landscapes and across land-water boundaries, exploring its impact on water quality and freshwater food webs. The goal is to understand the fate of terrestrial carbon and improve global carbon budgets.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that slow spontaneous vessel pulsations drive the clearance of substances from the brain. Targeting vasculature health may prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that protein clumps in the brain are caused by transportation failures of proteasomes, a molecular machinery that breaks down proteins. Without proper transport, damaged proteins accumulate and disrupt cell function, leading to degeneration and cell death.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a photocatalyst made of cuprous oxide that can selectively reduce carbon dioxide to methanol using sunlight. The catalyst's unique geometry and surface structure enable it to convert CO2 into a usable fuel with high selectivity.
Researchers discovered over 40 new species of cichlid fish in Lake Mweru, formed around one million years ago. The team found that females were more likely to mate with males from different species if their coloration was attractive or light conditions made it difficult for them to see.
Researchers find no correlation between a gas giant planet's composition and its host star's heavy element content, contradicting previous theories on planetary formation. The authors suggest other factors, such as location in the disk or distance from neighbors, may be contributing to this discrepancy.
Repeated exposure to fake news can make it seem more acceptable to share, even if individuals know it's false. In a series of experiments involving over 2,500 participants, researchers found that people rate fake headlines as less unethical to publish and share when seen multiple times.
Researchers found that MedDevs often lack critical information on product composition, ingredients, and clinical effectiveness, raising concerns for children's safety. The authors call for revised regulations to ensure these products meet medicine standards before being marketed.
A team of researchers from the University of Münster has developed a new synthetic method for producing all four stereoisomers of α,β-disubstituted γ-butyrolactones. The method uses two chiral catalysts working in tandem to efficiently produce the final product.
A new study by Piotr Pietruski and colleagues used eye-tracking technology to assess breast aesthetics and symmetry. The findings suggest that the lower breast area, particularly the nipple-areola complex, is a key factor in determining attractiveness.
Researchers from the University of Guelph have found that some individuals excel at deciphering subtle differences in cat facial expressions to gauge their emotions. Women and those with veterinary experience were particularly skilled at recognizing these cues, even among those without a strong attachment to cats.
A clinical trial found that olaparib slowed or stopped tumour growth in men with advanced prostate cancer and BRCA mutations, with a median overall survival of 17.7 months. The study suggests that PARP inhibitors could become the first gene-targeted drug to be approved for prostate cancer.
The study reveals that the western United States saw the highest electrical transfers, leading to 17% of regional emissions attributed to these exports. The Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland Power Pool had the largest consumption-based carbon footprint, accounting for 19% of US annual emissions.
A new study found that most Australian GPs have used a placebo in practice at least once, with active placebos being more commonly used than inert ones. The study suggests that GPs use placebos because they believe it can provide genuine benefit and shape patients' expectations.
A team of researchers from Osaka University identified a key protein required for electrical signal sensing in sperm, which is defective in individuals experiencing reduced fertility. The study's findings suggest that the protein regulates ion channel activity, affecting sperm motility and potentially leading to new fertility treatments.
A new study reveals that cultural values and human behavior shape cybersecurity regulations, with competitive nations like China enforcing stricter rules than the US or UK. The Global Cybersecurity Index assesses country commitments to regulation in five areas.
A team of WSU researchers created a more sustainable solution for winter road maintenance by using grape extract as a natural deicer. The solution melts ice faster and causes less damage to concrete and asphalt than traditional deicers.
A study published in Nature Medicine reveals a potential 'liquid health check' that uses proteins in blood to predict disease risk and improve preventative medicine. The technique, involving large-scale measurement of proteins, has shown promise for identifying health states and conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have made a breakthrough in restoring lower-body function after severe spinal injuries using tiny spinal implants. The implants use hair-like electrical wires to trigger the networks that already know how to do the hard work, and have shown remarkable consistency across the animal spectrum.