Researchers have created an algorithm to simulate electromagnetic wave interactions with materials, reducing simulation time from months to hours. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and accurate equipment in fields like biology, astronomy, and telecommunications.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a new aqueous lithium-ion battery that is non-flammable, cost-efficient, and effective. The battery uses a water-in-salt electrolyte and complex oxides to achieve fast-charging capability and high energy storage per unit volume.
The Event Horizon Telescope's image reveals a silhouette of the massive black hole at the center of M87, a galaxy nearly 55 million light-years from Earth. The image is the result of over 200 scientists' collaborative efforts and has captured the minds of people worldwide.
A new study finds significant increases in sediment flux in the Tuotuo River, a key headwater of the Yangtze River. The research attributes these changes to warming temperatures and enhanced precipitation and discharge capacity. The findings provide valuable insights for water and soil management on the Tibetan Plateau.
A meta-analysis of North American and European studies found that less intense lawn mowing leads to increased pollinators, plant diversity, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, intense mowing favors pest species, weeds, and drought events. Long grass also reduces the need for pesticides and fertilizers.
A new study from Oregon State University found that watermelon supplements significantly improved blood glucose levels and increased beneficial bacteria in high-fat-fed mice. The researchers recorded a 10-week diet and supplement regimen to observe these effects.
Scientists at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona have developed artificial protein granules that can sustainably release therapeutic proteins in lab animals. These 'artificial inclusion bodies' mimic natural bacterial structures and hold great potential for vaccines and controlled-release drug delivery systems.
Bears prefer small streams to catch salmon due to easy prey and early spawning times, which provide a crucial feeding opportunity after hibernation. This study highlights the importance of protecting smaller habitats in environmental impact assessments.
Fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing but also facilitate tumor growth and metastases in breast cancer. Inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways may prevent metastatic relapse, say researchers from Tel Aviv University.
Researchers propose a novel technique for efficient security detection using a spiral array of X-ray detectors, increasing detection depth and accuracy. The system can distinguish individual items within a suitcase, addressing limitations of traditional X-ray imaging.
A new study found that a Zika vaccine developed by NIH improved fetal outcomes in pregnant monkeys and rhesus macaques infected with congenital Zika virus. The vaccine reduced virus levels and prevented fetal infection, suggesting sterilizing immunity may not be required for protection.
The discovery of a faint gamma-ray 'halo' around Geminga, a nearby pulsar, may hold the solution to a long-standing mystery about the amount of antimatter in our neighborhood. The halo's size and energy suggest that it could be responsible for as much as 20% of high-energy positrons detected by NASA's Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.
Researchers mapped emotion words across 2,474 languages to find significant variation in emotional expression across cultures. The human experience of emotions is shaped by both biological evolution and the words used to describe those feelings.
Researchers deciphered a mechanism impairing regulatory T cell differentiation and stability in type 1 diabetes. Inhibiting the miRNA142-3p molecule increased functional Tregs and reduced autoimmune activation.
Researchers developed a new ELISpot blood test to diagnose bacterial infections, including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which can trigger skin and mucous membrane lesions in children. The test detects specific immune cells targeted against M. pneumoniae, allowing for more specific treatment and prognosis.
Research found that even low levels of urban skyglow can suppress melatonin production in humans and vertebrates. The sensitivity threshold for humans is 6 lux, while fish and rodents require much lower levels. Artificial light at night can disrupt nocturnal melatonin production.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University found that digital storybooks with animated content enhance recall and language skills in children. The study used a contingent responsiveness approach, where the book's animation responds to the child's vocalization, providing positive reinforcement and improving learning outcomes.
The Ruhr-University Bochum team used a combination of data analytics and physical models to predict material properties, winning second place in an international machine learning competition. Their algorithm was published in NPJ Computational Materials and has been shown to be transferable to different material classes.
Scientists have discovered a new population of gamma delta T cells that recognize an MHC-like molecule called MR1. Using advanced imaging techniques, researchers found that these T cells bind to MR1 from underneath the molecule, rather than sitting atop it as previously thought.
A recent study by MU researcher Nancy Cheak-Zamora found that many young adults with autism struggle to achieve independence due to a disconnect between caregiver support and individual efforts. The research recommends shifting the perception towards strengths and skill sets, providing opportunities for mastery of tasks like cooking an...
Researchers develop a new material with properties of both antiferromagnets and topological insulators, potentially solving issues with decoherence in quantum computing. The material also has unique applications in dark matter detection.
Researchers have discovered that the protein deltaNp63 plays a vital role in supplying energy to the mammary gland during puberty, while also being implicated in aggressive forms of cancer. The findings suggest that targeting this protein could be a viable approach for treating triple-negative breast cancer without affecting normal dev...
An international team of researchers has predicted and observed the first topological insulator with intrinsic magnetic properties, MnBi2Te4. This discovery opens possibilities for applications in electronics, including faster and low-energy consumption devices.
Researchers studied over 2,500 languages, finding that emotions like grief, fear, joy, and sadness are conceptualized differently globally. Emotions are primarily distinguished as pleasant or unpleasant, with similar levels of arousal.
A team of researchers in China has developed a new algorithm to compare metagenomes, allowing for more accurate understanding of microbiome diversity. The Dynamic Meta-Storms (DMS) algorithm compares metagenomes at the species level, considering physical and genetic details, as well as evolutionary relationships.
Researchers have developed a new functional genomics system, MAGIC, which allows them to modulate the activity of multiple genes in concert. By combining individual gene edits with custom DNA sequences, scientists can explore synergistic effects and better understand complex traits.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed a new technique using powerful lasers and bright x-rays to capture information about extremely dense and hot matter. This breakthrough allows for unprecedented resolution and efficiency in studying warm dense matter, crucial for fusion power and astrophysics.
Researchers report that two commercially-available rapid diagnostic tests can be combined for conclusive diagnosis of Chagas disease. The tests provided a sensitivity of 97.7% and specificity of 96.1%, outperforming the conventional serological method.
A comprehensive study by Durham University found that TV exposure can have a causal effect on people's perceptions of body ideals, leading to the preference for thinner female bodies. The researchers are advocating for a shift towards a 'health at every size' attitude and media representation of diverse body types.
A new study reveals that non-profit and hospital-based dialysis facilities are disproportionately caring for uninsured patients with kidney failure and those who only qualify for Medicaid. These facilities have a higher relative risk of starting dialysis compared to other types of facilities.
Researchers have discovered a new alginate lyase in a heat-loving bacterium that can directly utilize brown algae and ferment its components into ethanol with high-yield. The study has identified previously unknown enzymatic families contributing to bioconversion, shedding light on sustainable seaweed-based biofuel production.
Researchers at the University of Oxford and Seville have developed new cathode materials that prevent energy density loss in the first charge cycle, improving overall battery performance and safety.
A new literature review suggests that snus use is not a significant risk factor for several cancers and diseases. Imperial Brands calls for EU legalization of snus as a reduced-harm tobacco product.
A team of scientists at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology have developed a method to model the synchronization behaviors of different tree species using control parameters. They found that two populations of Zelkova serrata trees 20 kilometers apart were completely synchronized in a '3-year cycle', demonstrating the Period...
Researchers studied manta ray 'Whoopi' who suffered significant propeller cuts in 2015 and found she healed by 50% in just 46 days. The study reveals a unique adaptive immune system likely behind the high healing capacity of sharks and rays.
University of Queensland researchers combined quantum liquids with silicon-chip technology to study turbulence for the first time. This breakthrough allows observation of nanoscale quantum turbulence, mirroring cyclone behavior, and provides a new way to understand turbulent dynamics.
A recent study published in The BMJ found significant variations in how researchers worldwide manage their work-life balance. Chinese academics were shown to be the most prolific during weekends and late at night, while Scandinavian countries took a more balanced approach. This highlights the presence of a 'culture of overwork' across ...
A new study reveals Amazonian forests regrow much slower than previously believed, taking up to a century to fully recover and potentially overestimating their role in combating human-caused climate change.
Researchers have improved the efficiency of organic solar technologies by tweaking the underlying chemistry, boosting power output from 1% to 18%. The new approach uses non-fullerene acceptors, which can be shaped, colored, and semi-transparent, offering advantages over traditional silicon-based solar cells.
Researchers discovered impact milling destroys weed seeds, reducing viability by <0.4%> and improving long-term weed management. The method effectively controls Palmer amaranth and other resistant weeds in soybean fields.
A recent study found that conservation programs like China's Grain-to-Green Program can increase crop raiding by 64% on remaining cropland, resulting in significant economic losses. The hidden costs of conservation are being borne by poor farmers, who are also receiving lower yields and farming smaller areas.
A study led by NIH-funded researchers analyzed data on pregnant women with HIV and found that nearly 20% received treatment regimens not aligned with federal guidelines for use during pregnancy. The study highlights the need for further research into prescribing practices for pregnant women living with HIV.
A study published in Scientific Reports suggests that prolonged exposure to high carbon dioxide seawater may corrode tooth-like scales covering the skin of puffadder shysharks. The research found that 25% of denticles were damaged in acidified water, compared to 9.2% in a control group.
New research reveals that community-led rotational fishing closures can increase fish populations on closed reefs compared to open ones, making them less scared of people and easier to catch.
A new study suggests that glutamine supplementation could help people with obesity reduce inflammation of fat tissue and reduce fat mass. Glutamine levels were found to alter gene expression in several different cell types, leading to anti-inflammatory effects on white blood cells and T-cells.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found insufficient evidence to determine whether serotonin reuptake inhibitors or trauma-focused psychotherapy are more effective in treating PTSD. The study concludes that clinicians should make shared decisions with patients based on patient preferences regarding treatment characteristics.
A new study by Oxford University Press USA reveals that machine learning can predict long-term risks of heart attack and cardiac death. The research used machine learning to assess cardiovascular risk factors in subjects, aligning accurately with actual events over a 15-year period.
A study by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution compared seawater from protected and impacted reefs in Cuba and Florida Keys, finding that protected reefs have higher microbial diversity and lower nutrient concentrations. This suggests that offshore and highly-protected reefs are healthier than nearshore reefs with less protection ...
Scientists have uncovered fossils of trees from the world's oldest forest, dating back 386 million years, in a sandstone quarry in Cairo, New York. The discovery provides new insights into the evolution of trees and their role in shaping the world we live in today.
Scientists from ETH Zurich have successfully created a miniature copper statue of Michelangelo's famous sculpture using 3D printing technology. The technique allows for the creation of metal structures at the nanometer and micrometer scale, enabling the production of complex geometries with high precision.
Clinicians are advised to screen, counsel and treat youth for vaping using well-studied models and youth-friendly terminology. The guidelines emphasize the importance of identifying relapse, providing positive reinforcement and revisiting treatment plans for effective cessation.
A new study by University of Alberta biologists found that birds of the same species do not use the same habitats in different parts of the Canadian boreal forest. This phenomenon, known as differential habitat selection, has significant implications for conservation planning and management strategies.
A study found that premature deaths from visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil were faster in urban areas and among younger patients, while those with HIV had slower survival times. The median time between symptom onset and death was around 9 days, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and treatment.
Research at Rockefeller University discovered a new brain area, PITd, that steers attention and challenges the long-held concept of attention control. The finding suggests a rethinking of old concepts about attentional control and highlights the complexity of the brain's attention mechanisms.
The number of e-cigarette users who began vaping at age 14 or younger has more than tripled in the last five years, according to a University of Michigan study. This increase is alarming as early e-cigarette use is linked to later risk for cigarette smoking and nicotine exposure can confer particular risk.
Researchers have successfully developed the first crystal-growing technique for manganese-bismuth telluride (MnBi2Te4), a new antiferromagnetic topological insulator. The discovery has significant implications for technological advances in information processing, sensors, and computing.
A new study in rats suggests that caffeine may offset some of the negative effects of an obesogenic diet by reducing lipid storage and limiting weight gain. Caffeine decreased lipids in adipose cells by 20%-41% and downregulated genes associated with obesity.
Seven postdoctoral fellows have received awards of $120,000 for two years to study the role of endothelial senescence on age-related cognitive decline and other topics. The Irene Diamond Fund/AFAR program provides full-time research training and flexible grant support to senior postdoctoral fellows.
The Obesity Medicine Association is launching local chapters in 12 cities/states to educate and empower healthcare providers. The chapters will provide a gathering space for clinicians to learn about the latest treatment options and share knowledge.
A novel 3D microscopy technique allows researchers to quantify previously unseen or unexplained cell behavior. The technique has been applied to study the dynamics of organelles and fat droplets within living cells, revealing new aspects of their behavior such as synchronization of swelling among droplets.