Active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is now performed in half of centers, a significant increase from the previous study. Financial support for physician stewardship medical directors has also increased to 78% since 2013.
A new study reveals that humans' presence creates a 'landscape of fear,' causing large carnivores to suppress their behavior and allowing rodents to forage more intensively. This shift has significant consequences for the entire food web, highlighting the need for ecologists to understand human-wildlife interactions.
Research by Irene Perini at Linköping University found that adolescent girls who self-injure believe they receive more negative feedback than actuality, leading to lower liking for themselves and others. This bias affects their brain's salience network, particularly associated with emotions and reflection.
Recent advances suggest that plant viruses are not just disease-causing entities, but can also play a significant role in the functioning of diverse ecosystems. Viruses have been found to be present in humans, with around 100,000 pieces of viral DNA elements making up 8% of our genome.
Researchers predict blue whales' most likely foraging areas and times using satellite tracking data and environmental factors. The model improves understanding of the species-environment relationship, helping inform population management decisions amid climate change.
A study of 46,000 injured workers in Tennessee found long-term opioid use was common. Factors associated with long-term opioid use included pre-injury opioid use and type of job injury.
A study published in Journal of Avian Biology reveals that puffins, guillemots, and razorbills dive to varying depths during the non-breeding period. Contrary to expectations, puffins dive less deeply than closely related species, suggesting they catch different prey.
Researchers found a human gene present in 75% of the population affects treatment response in Alzheimer's patients. The study suggests that different mechanisms work in different patients, requiring personalized treatments to improve outcomes.
Researchers created a comprehensive test using machine learning algorithms to better guide patient management for pancreatic cysts, a precursor of pancreatic cancer. The test, called CompCyst, outperformed the current standard-of-care in an international study, avoiding surgery in 60% of patients who underwent unnecessary removal.
A new study by University of Queensland researchers found that patients' physical health is often overlooked in pursuit of treating mental illness. Conditions like diabetes serve as a stark example, with rates twice as high in those with mental illness compared to the general population.
The four scientists have transformed neuroscience by allowing unprecedented control over the brain's inner workings. Their discoveries established optogenetics as a field and laid the foundation for therapies for disorders like Parkinson's and addiction.
Sodium-ion batteries have shorter lifetimes than lithium-based batteries due to the unintended presence of hydrogen. Hydrogen leads to degradation of the battery electrode. The study reveals that measures can be taken during fabrication and encapsulation to suppress incorporation of hydrogen, leading to better performance.
Researchers have discovered that projection neurons are damaged by immune cells in MS patients' brains, leading to brain shrinkage and cognitive changes. This finding provides a platform for targeted therapies to be developed.
A multinational team successfully alters oxygen atoms' charge states and achieves reversible conversion to molecular oxygen using Kelvin probe force spectroscopy. The researchers found that controlled bonding between adjacent oxygen atoms can be induced remotely via surface polarons.
Researchers discovered that leukemia stem cells suppress NKG2D-L proteins, evading the immune system. By inhibiting PARP1, these cells can be recognized and eliminated by NK cells.
Designated protected areas in Europe have reduced land cover changes, but the buffer zones around them still experience frequent changes
A new study suggests that artificially pumping ocean water onto coastal regions surrounding the West Antarctic ice sheet could stabilize it, but at great cost. The approach would require a minimum of 7,400 gigatons of artificial snowfall over 10 years to achieve a two-to-five-centimeter sea level drop.
A New Jersey outpatient facility experienced a severe outbreak of bacterial septic arthritis infections following tainted knee injections. The investigation identified multiple breaches of recommended infection prevention practices, including inadequate hand hygiene and unsafe injection techniques.
Researchers developed a new method to monitor neonicotinoids in living plants, allowing for spatial and temporal tracking of the insecticides. This probe could help pinpoint where and when bees are exposed to pesticides, informing efforts to protect pollinator populations.
A recent study found that incorporating physical activity into daily life through walking and cycling can significantly improve population health. The research estimates health gains ranging from 1.61 to 25.43 QALYs per 1000 people, with healthcare cost savings up to $2.1 billion over the remaining lifespan.
A CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy professor has received a $2.1 million NIH grant to investigate the connection between the human microbiome and cancer, with the goal of developing more effective treatments.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine discovered a protein called TCER-1 that controls healthspan, not just lifespan. Removing TCER-1 made worms more resilient to stressors, while increasing it suppressed immune defenses.
A leading Turkish historian has analyzed signature analysis on letters from the Ottoman Archives, confirming Bahaettin Shakir's involvement in the genocide. Documents show initial decisions to exterminate Armenians were made by provincial governors in 1914.
Researchers developed an energy harvester attached to the wearer's knee that generates 1.6 microwatts of power while walking without increased effort. The device captures biomechanical energy through natural human motion, offering a potential solution for self-powered wearable devices.
Researchers found that ants receiving protein from herbivorous arthropods increase their aggression in environments with scarce food supply. This discovery challenges the idea that only carbohydrates are offered by plants to protectants.
The UTIA/Blühen Hemp Agronomic Research Program will provide much-needed research data to enhance the success of hemp farmers in Tennessee. The four-year program aims to support agronomic practices and improve crop yields.
Researchers estimated financial losses of €209,619 to €322,733 due to Doñana National Park fire impacting Iberian lynx habitat, and €634 to €3,258 for Segura fire. A tool will be created to assess forest fires' impact on biodiversity, leisure, and tourism.
A team of scientists suggests pumping ocean water onto glaciers in West Antarctica to prevent long-term sea level rise. The plan involves distributing the water with snow cannons, but poses significant environmental and engineering challenges.
A weakened form of a CMV-based vaccine has been shown to provide similar protection against SIV in 59% of vaccinated rhesus macaques, with long-lasting immunity observed. The vaccine's attenuated version is key for human testing due to safety concerns.
Research by UMass Amherst epidemiologist Youssef Oulhote found that women with gestational diabetes have a significantly higher rate of transferring synthetic chemicals to their fetus. The study examined blood and umbilical cord samples from 151 mother-newborn pairs in the Faroe Islands.
A new study uses amyloid positron emission tomography to track β-amyloid cerebrospinal fluid and monitor Alzheimer's disease progression over six years. The researchers found a significant correlation between β-amyloid levels and cognitive decline, providing valuable insights into the disease's progression.
Lung scarring can lead to pulmonary fibrosis and life-threatening complications. Researchers found increased MMP activity in lung tissue affected by Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, suggesting a new link for diagnosis and treatment.
A recent study found that kissing is a significant route of transmission for gonorrhoea, with rates of infection higher among men who kiss their partners compared to those who do not. The researchers argue that increased awareness and control measures are needed to address the rising global incidence of gonorrhoea.
Obesity experts argue that it should be recognized as a chronic disease due to its strong biological influence and severe complications. They believe this approach can help reduce stigma and discrimination, but critics caution that labeling obesity as a disease may not lead to better outcomes for individuals or society.
A recent study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that pregnancies among women taking isotretinoin continue to occur despite a special restricted distribution program, iPLEDGE. The study reported a range of 218-310 pregnancies per year after 2011, highlighting the need for further regulations to reduce this number.
Scientists at Boston Children's Hospital create human tissue models of CPVT and reverse the condition using gene therapy in a mouse model. The study opens up possibilities for single-dose gene therapy treatments for inherited arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation.
Researchers developed a graphene device that can switch between superconducting and insulating states, allowing for the study of exotic quantum physics. The device, made of three atomically thin layers of graphene, exhibits unique properties such as high-temperature superconductivity and Mott insulator behavior.
A new laboratory test using artificial intelligence tools has been shown to more accurately sort out which people with pancreatic cysts will go on to develop pancreatic cancers. The test, dubbed CompCyst, correctly identified patients who did not need surgery in over half of cases.
The team, led by Xiaowei Zhuang, captured the first recorded rotational steps of a molecular motor as it moved from one DNA base pair to another. They used DNA origami to build molecule-sized propellers that allowed them to visualize the motor's movement.
Research reveals that stronger waves due to sea level rise can hamper plant re-establishment on neighboring tidal flats, slowing down or blocking recovery. Effective management of tidal flats is crucial for preserving salt marshes' resilience to wave attacks.
The IceCube neutrino detector is receiving a $37 million upgrade to expand its scientific capabilities. The new strings will enable more precise studies of neutrino oscillation properties and better characterization of the ice around detectors, helping to reveal additional sources of high-energy neutrinos.
Bacteria do not die randomly in hunger phases; their neighbors play a crucial role. The team identified two key factors: basic energy consumption and biomass recycling efficiency. Changes to these factors affect the mortality rate, which can arise from genetic or ecological perturbations.
Researchers from UCLouvain have discovered a new material, LiTi2(PS4)3 or LTPS, which shows the highest lithium diffusion coefficient ever measured in a solid. This discovery is an important step towards developing all-solid-state batteries with improved performance.
Researchers created a 'polyCOF' material by adding polyethylene glycol to an existing COF structure, enabling the formation of flexible membranes. The resulting material allows for the creation of a paper doll with an artificial muscle that can perform sit-ups by expanding and contracting in response to ethanol vapors.
A new study suggests that partial knee replacements (PKR) are as effective as total knee replacements (TKR), with a lower cost. Over five years, PKR has similar or slightly better clinical outcomes than TKR, while offering substantial economic benefits.
A study led by University of Pittsburgh researchers found that implementing a state-mandated sepsis regulation in New York resulted in a significant drop in death rates from sepsis, with a 4.3% decrease compared to control states. The policy requires hospitals to quickly implement certain protocols when sepsis is suspected.
Researchers have generated free electrons from organic semiconductors using a single atomic layer of molybdenum disulfide. This breakthrough enables the development of general principles for designing interfaces that can turn light into electrical current with high efficiency.
A systematic review of menstrual cups suggests they are a safe option for menstruation management. The review found similar leakage levels to disposable pads or tampons, with some studies showing significant less leakage. Practice, peer support, and training are key to initiation and adoption.
A new wireless transceiver invented by UCI engineers boosts radio frequencies to 100-gigahertz territory, quadrupling the speed of the upcoming 5G standard. The chip's unique digital-analog architecture enables faster data processing and less energy consumption.
Dr. Ryan Perroy's solution uses high-resolution cameras and sensors to improve early detection of Rapid 'Ohi'a Death across forests, giving managers precious time to respond to outbreaks. The innovative approach also involves collecting samples from suspect trees using drones for laboratory analysis.
Astronomers have made a new measurement of the Hubble constant using red giant stars, indicating an expansion rate of around 70 km/sec/Mpc. This measurement falls in the center of a hotly debated question and may lead to a new interpretation of the universe's fundamental properties.
Researchers at the University of Utah discovered that as the insulating layers of a topological insulator get thinner, its metallic surfaces start influencing each other and losing their conductivity. The study found that this phenomenon occurs at an insulating layer thickness of around 16 quintuple atomic layers across.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that intranasal sufentanil is non-inferior to IV morphine for acute severe trauma pain, offering a faster and more convenient alternative. The study involved 136 patients who received either intranasal sufentanil or IV morphine, with similar pain relief results at 30 minutes.
A new study by Brigham Young University researchers found that presenting vegetables on a black background makes them more attractive to consumers. This is because the color black is associated with high quality and expensiveness, as seen in previous studies on computing products.
Researchers identified a molecular mechanism that may be contributing to the global obesity epidemic. The study found that a protein called RAGE on the surface of fat cells can block fat burning when stressed, leading to weight gain. Removing RAGE from fat cells reduced weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet.
A new method using red giant stars has measured the universe's expansion rate at 69.8 kilometers per second per megaparsec, settling between previous values of 74.0 km/s/Mpc and 67.4 km/s/Mpc. The result may indicate that the standard model of the universe is not yet complete.
Scientists at the University at Buffalo have successfully wirelessly controlled a key gene involved in human growth, opening up possibilities for new cancer treatments and mental disorder therapies. The study uses tiny photonic implants to manipulate FGFR1, a gene that plays a crucial role in human development.
Boston University School of Medicine researcher Tarik F. Haydar received a $453,750 NIH grant to develop human stem cell-derived cultures for studying white matter abnormality in Down syndrome. He aims to understand how neural stem cells generate the cerebral cortex.
Researchers at Swansea University have developed a method to recycle black plastics into carbon nanotubes for use in high-value materials like conductive films and flexible electronics fabrics. This process could reduce plastic waste and help solve the problem of lost electricity during transmission and distribution.
The University of Arkansas has received a $4.6 million award to train the next generation of cybersecurity professionals. The program will provide education and job training for students, focusing on critical industries such as transportation and energy, and addressing a national shortage of skilled cybersecurity experts.