Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new catalytic method to upcycle single-use plastics into high-quality liquid products, such as motor oils, lubricants, and cosmetics. This breakthrough improves current recycling methods, producing fewer greenhouse gases and toxic byproducts, while contributing to a circular economy.
A new IIASA study found that childhood socioeconomic conditions play a significant role in determining health satisfaction in adults. The study's results indicate that policies to mitigate early disadvantages are crucial for improving health outcomes.
Researchers from FEFU and FEB RAS developed a nanoheterostructure consisting of magnetite film and silicon substrate, which can be used as a source of spin-polarized electrons. The new structure offers high spin polarization efficiency, enabling the creation of spin injectors for spintronic devices.
A new study on an enzyme crucial for photosynthesis has uncovered a structural understanding of how light activates chlorophyll synthesis. The researchers discovered how the enzyme captures light and channels it to drive a biological reaction, paving the way for bioengineering artificial light-activated enzymes.
A recent study found that acetate, a byproduct of alcohol metabolism, affects the brain's memory system and contributes to cravings. The research team discovered that alcohol metabolism impacts histone acetylation in the hippocampus, leading to increased gene expression and memory formation.
A study analyzing Google searches from 2004 to 2019 found significant increases in interest for CBD, a chemical component of marijuana, with substantial growth in search volumes between 2017 and 2018. The researchers urge attention to CBD as a public health priority to understand its use and potential effects.
The study introduces two novel initiating systems consisting of palladium, naphthoquinone, and borate, exhibiting unique activities in C1 polymerization. The new systems afford high molecular weight poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s with improved yields and stereoregularity.
A nationwide study of over 38,400 participants found a link between using flavored tobacco products for the first time and subsequent continued use. The findings suggest that flavored tobacco products may pose a significant public health risk, particularly among young adults.
The collaboration aims to develop and implement protocols, resources, and specialized care areas for geriatric emergency care in rural hospitals. The project will evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine in extending the reach of a geriatric emergency department to rural facilities.
Geoffrey C. Fox is recognized for his significant contributions to parallel computing, including the development of Twister and SPIDAL projects. He has also made notable service to the community through various organizations and roles.
Researchers developed an algorithm to recommend tags for social media posts, resulting in a 20% boost in popularity. The system takes into account user popularity and content emotional impressions to suggest effective tags.
A team at NYU Tandon created a system that lets people use simple English to create complex machine learning-driven visualizations using VisFlow and FlowSense. These frameworks make non-expert users more comfortable with data modeling while providing shortcuts for experienced users.
US immigrant detention centers have faced criticism over deplorable conditions, including overcrowding and lack of access to healthcare. Seven children have died in the last 10 months amidst outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases like measles and mumps.
Researchers identified specialized 'adventurer' cells in Vibrio parahaemolyticus that facilitate its dissemination and prevalence. These cells enable the bacterium to colonize new habitats and spread disease globally.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have discovered a new family of synthetic antibiotics that target essential outer membrane proteins in Gram-negative bacteria, disrupting their synthesis and leading to cell bursting.
Researchers will study immune responses needed to prevent initial infection, establish latent infection, and transition to active TB, with a global footprint.
Researchers have developed a method to produce pharmaceutical ingredients from woodchips, reducing waste and increasing efficiency. The process utilizes lignin, a component of wood, to synthesize potential drug candidates with promising antibacterial and anticancer activity.
Researchers identified a single glucose-sensing neuron that controls insulin and glucagon hormone balance in flies, maintaining ideal glucose homeostasis. Silencing this neuron led to hyperglycemia, similar to diabetes in humans, supporting its critical role in regulating sugar levels.
Scientists analyzed the virus' course of action and discovered how it captures host ribosomes using a structured RNA sequence called IRES. This finding advances research into feeding bees RNA molecules that interfere with the virus's RNA, potentially offering a solution to Colony Collapse Disorder.
AcuraStem has secured a $3 million Phase II funding for its AS-1 Program, a lead small molecule program targeting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The award allows the company to accelerate the AS-1 program and expand its iNeuroRx technology platform.
A University of Texas at Austin team developed an AI system named Fashion++ that analyzes outfits and suggests tweaks for a more fashionable look. The tool uses visual recognition systems to consider color, pattern, texture, and shape, offering alternative outfits to users.
The study reveals that flies execute four perfectly timed maneuvers to land upside down, including a rapid body rotational maneuver and leg-assisted body swing. The findings aim to inspire advanced robotic technology and understand the biomechanical and sensory processes involved.
Researchers at McGill University found that human activities are altering genetic variation in thousands of animal species, including birds, fish, insects, and mammals. The loss of genetic diversity may hinder species' ability to adapt to changing environments, potentially leading to extinctions.
Researchers identified a new neurological syndrome caused by IQSEC1 gene mutations, affecting five patients from consanguineous families in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. The study used fruit flies and mice to demonstrate that defective IQSEC1 proteins contribute to intellectual disability and neural development defects.
Researchers identify TIMP-1 and D-lactic acid as potential biomarkers for preterm birth risk in resource-poor areas. The study aims to develop a cost-effective, point-of-care diagnostic test to assess the presence of known risk factors.
A study published in JAMA found that patients with limited English proficiency are more likely to experience hospital readmissions and return emergency department visits. The observational study examined two Toronto hospitals and found that those with limited proficiency were more prone to complications and required additional care.
Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence technique that uses deep neural networks to analyze data from experiments on nanoscale ferroelectrics. This method has identified geometrically-driven differences in ferroelectric domain switching, providing new insights into the mechanisms of ferroelectric switching.
Researchers found that fish can pass on heat-tolerant genes to their children and grandchildren, allowing them to cope with warmer waters. This adaptation could help coral reef fish populations survive projected ocean warming of up to three degrees Celsius.
A USC study reveals that circulating tumor cells have a unique molecular signature that predicts specific organ targets, such as the brain. The discovery provides potential treatment targets to prevent cancer spread and improves detection and monitoring methods.
Researchers have developed a computer vision system that can distinguish between survivors and deceased bodies from 4-8 meters away. Using cardiopulmonary motion, the technology detects tiny chest cavity movements indicating heartbeat and breathing rate, providing a more accurate means of detecting signs of life in disaster zones.
The joint partnership between NTU Singapore and GF Singapore aims to demonstrate the new ReRAM technology on 12
Researchers at NYU discovered that a single amino acid change in E. coli's EmrE transporter protein dramatically alters its structure and function, reducing bacteria's resistance to drugs. This finding may have implications for combating antibiotic resistance and drug development.
The Permafrost Discovery Gateway provides a detailed picture of Arctic change, combining satellite data with air temperature and precipitation maps. The platform helps inform policies and management in the Arctic by offering a user-friendly tool to explore rapid climate changes.
The UCLA report grades Los Angeles County's water systems, assigning a C+ mark overall due to poor groundwater and surface water quality grades. However, expected funding for stormwater capture projects is seen as a positive step towards improvement.
A UC Riverside-led research team discovered that neural crest cells originate from the epiblast of chick embryos before the appearance of a definitive ectoderm or mesoderm. This finding provides new insight into the formation of this unique embryonic stem cell population and has implications for human development and health.
By blocking the expression of c-Answer, a newly identified gene, researchers found that tadpoles can no longer regrow lost tails or limbs. The loss of this gene may have led to the evolution of appendage regeneration in cold-blooded animals.
Researchers are creating tools to design and certify advanced composite structures and materials, reducing costs and increasing efficiency in the industry. The project aims to improve understanding and prediction of composite material properties.
A group of seven snorkelling grandmothers has helped scientists document a large and previously underestimated population of venomous greater sea snakes in the bay. The project revealed over 249 individual snakes, with new information on breeding patterns and numbers of young.
The incidence rate of anorexia nervosa among 8-12 year olds in the UK and Ireland has increased significantly, with a doubling of the previous estimate. The new rate is around 3.2/100,000, according to research published in BMJ Open.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed predictive analytical models to simplify the design and construction of biorefineries, enabling robust operation and minimizing downtime due to plugging problems. The models address machinery and operating conditions, reducing reliance on chemical agents in ethanol fuel production.
A global assessment of eBird data found strong geographic and seasonal patterns in bird occurrence information. Survey completeness was highest in North America, Europe, and southern India during spring migration, highlighting the potential of citizen science initiatives to address biodiversity knowledge gaps.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that women are significantly less likely to receive Canadian federal research funding than men, with a risk ratio of 0.89 for grant awards and 0.75 for personnel awards. The disparity was observed across various research content areas, with some exceptions, such as Aboriginal People's Health...
Timothy Young, a professor at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, has been named a Fellow by the International Academy of Wood Science. This international honor recognizes his significant contributions to wood science and research globally.
Dr. Jennifer J. Lentz and her team will research a treatment for vision loss in Usher using antisense oligonucleotides, targeting the human 216A mutation in the USH1C gene. The goal is to develop an effective treatment for vision loss in Usher Syndrome.
Researchers have made significant advancements in understanding olfactory perception and processing, highlighting the role of dynamic features, sniffing speed, and odorous landmarks in guiding behaviors like navigation and finding resources. The study's findings provide new insights into how the brain represents smells and its importan...
The PROMISE program demonstrates the importance of family engagement, early work experiences, and targeted case management services in improving employment outcomes for youth with disabilities. The six-year experiment showed that evidence-based employment services delivered through coordinated case management are significant predictors...
William Zhang won the Goddard Technology Award for developing ultra-lightweight and sensitive X-ray mirrors using mono-crystalline silicon. This innovation could represent a paradigm shift in X-ray astronomy, enabling more efficient and detailed observations of celestial targets.
Researchers developed a novel noninvasive imaging technique using multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and ultrasound to diagnose thyroid disorders. MSOT/ultrasound images revealed significant biomarker changes in Graves' disease and malignant thyroid nodules, showing promise for improved diagnostics.
A new study found that 18 drug categories extensively impact the taxonomic structure and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome. Researchers identified eight categories increasing antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. The changes could increase risk of intestinal infections, obesity, and other conditions linked to the gut microbiome.
Researchers developed a method to adopt kirigami architectures for graphene-based sensors, achieving strain-insensitivity up to 240% uniaxial strain. The design redistributes stress concentrations, enabling directional mechanical attributes.
A clinical trial by University of Kentucky researchers found that metformin did not enhance muscle mass gains in older adults undergoing rigorous resistance exercise training. Progressive resistance training was shown to retain or build muscle mass in older adults.
A new motor assessment tool, Q-Motor, has shown promise in evaluating Huntington's disease in young children, detecting subtle changes in motor ability. The test measures tapping speed and regularity using force transducers and 3-D position sensors, and can also assess grasping and lifting abilities.
Researchers developed an agent that reduces toxic protein buildup in animal models of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, improving cognitive and motor behavior. The new compound CM101 specifically targets DDRs to switch on the garbage disposal in brain cells.
A new portable DNA sequencer has been developed to rapidly diagnose wheat viruses with high accuracy. The technology has been tested on four wheat samples from western Kansas and detected three different viruses, including a new strain. This breakthrough has broad applications for plant disease identification and field diagnostics.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new forensic tracer that uses lead isotopes to detect coal fly ash in dust and other solids. The tracer can distinguish between the chemical signature of lead from coal ash and lead from other sources, providing a powerful tool for tracking exposure risks near coal ash ponds and landfills.
Astronomers have found a massive monster galaxy in the early universe, hidden in dust, which has never been seen before. The discovery provides new insights into the first growing steps of some of the biggest galaxies in the universe.
New research from the University of Colorado Denver finds that US refugee resettlement programs create systemic barriers to socioeconomic stability. Refugees often face intense scrutiny and calculations of worthiness, leading to limited governmental support.
Scientists developed a machine-learning approach to extract catalytic properties from x-ray signatures of catalysts. This method helps identify the active phase of the catalyst, which converts carbon dioxide to methane, and guides the design of more efficient catalysts.
Researchers found that cell division rates slowed by about 40% in colon tissue samples collected from patients in their 80s compared with those in their 20s. This slowdown may help explain why cancer incidence decreases at older ages.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a faster and cheaper method to coat liquid medication, using gravity and natural forces to wrap drops in a protective shell. The new technology enables rapid production of capsules with improved stability and flexibility.