NASA's Aqua satellite observed Subtropical Storm Rebekah on October 31, 2019, providing temperature information and cloud top temperatures. The strongest storms had coldest cloud tops as cold as minus 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
A multi-center trial found that the artificial pancreas system improved users' blood glucose control throughout the day and overnight, reducing hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia events. The study showed significant benefits of the new system over existing treatments, with no severe hypoglycemia events occurring in either group.
A team of scientists has discovered ancient fossil teeth in the Yukon, which are believed to belong to a long-extinct cousin of modern rhinoceroses. The discovery provides a gap in the fossil record and sheds light on the migration patterns of animals during the Tertiary Period.
Researchers analyzed genome assemblies of 20 butterfly species and found a high amount of gene flow among them, even between distantly related species. This challenges the idea that species are fixed entities and suggests hybridization as a key process in biological diversity.
Researchers have identified HIPK2 as a novel regulator of heart failure progression. The kinase was found to play a critical role in maintaining cardiac function, with its deletion leading to progressive deterioration and apoptosis in heart muscle cells.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine found that Dominican and Haitian individuals can be differentiated with statistical certainty despite their close physical proximity. The study highlights the importance of conducting research on understudied groups to aid forensic specialists in identifying missing persons.
Researchers trained neural networks to predict plant growth patterns using computer vision algorithms and efficient graphics processing units. The system uses Raspberry Pi with Intel Movidius graphics card to calculate and predict the optimal ratio of nutrients, enabling continuous monitoring and prediction in artificial growing systems.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing have discovered that GLP-1 receptor agonists can reduce oxycodone self-administration and relapse in rats. The study suggests a novel role for GLP-1 receptors in opioid-mediated behaviors, providing a potential new target for medications treating opioid use disorder.
A study at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified three complement system genes linked to MS-caused vision loss. The researchers found that patients with specific genetic changes in these genes were more likely to experience severe vision problems, opening up new avenues for precision medicine and potential treatments.
A new study at Kellogg Eye Center finds that reducing opioid pills prescribed after cornea surgery doesn't compromise pain control, with most patients using only four pills. The policy change also leads to more responsible pill disposal practices.
A study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that the measles virus depletes antibody repertoires, erasing immune memory to most previously encountered pathogens. This supports the immune amnesia hypothesis, suggesting that the vaccine's extended protective effects stem from preventing measles infection.
Rebekah developed as a subtropical storm on Halloween, with temperatures reaching minus 50 degrees Fahrenheit around its center. The storm is moving east-northeast at 18 mph and is expected to weaken into a post-tropical cyclone by Nov 1.
Scientists at DZNE have discovered a protein called RhoA that regulates nerve cell growth by pulling the brake, potentially leading to new approaches for spinal cord injury treatment.
Researchers analyzed tax treaties to determine how offshoring affects domestic employment, finding that U.S. multinationals increase employment in the US when hiring abroad, albeit with regional dislocation and reallocation of workers.
A study reveals that bats can transmit filoviruses to humans during bat-hunting festivals in Nagaland. The team found antibodies against two distinct filoviruses in human and bat blood samples, suggesting bats are the source of viral spillover events.
A three-year longitudinal study found that having a hematologist mentor during medical education is associated with an increased likelihood of fellows specializing in hematology. Fellows who co-authored papers or engaged in research activities with mentors in hematology were more likely to pursue careers in the field.
A Mayo Clinic-led study found that microvascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with a greater than twofold risk of cancer. The condition, which affects the heart's small arteries, may be a useful marker for predicting cancer risk.
Researchers observed vampire bats developing strong social bonds during captivity that persisted in the wild, suggesting shared history plays a role in maintaining relationships. The study used pioneering technology to track bat interactions and found test bats had stronger bonds with each other than control bats.
The incidence of liver cancer has tripled in the UK over the past 20 years, with the majority of cases diagnosed in men. The most deprived fifth of the population accounts for 25% of HCC cases, many of which have cirrhosis and are not treatable by surgery due to advanced scarring.
Researchers have developed a high-resolution visual map of the RSC complex, a crucial regulator of chromosome structure and gene expression. This study provides new insights into how RSC-like complexes are involved in cancer development and has implications for understanding chromosomal genes in healthy and cancer cells.
A new study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and University of Texas Southwestern finds that non-white minority cancer survivors are less likely to receive treatment from culturally competent providers, with significant disparities in access to these physicians. The study highlights the critical need for culturally competent care in c...
Researchers at the University of Iowa have made significant breakthroughs in delivering gene-editing proteins to airway cells without causing harm. The new peptide-based platform shows promise in treating diseases like cystic fibrosis, COPD, and asthma by repairing or modifying disease-causing mutations.
Researchers found that slow-wave sleep triggers waves of cerebrospinal fluid that flush out toxic metabolic waste products from the brain. This process supports memory processing and consolidation, and may be crucial for preventing neurodegeneration and diseases like Alzheimer's.
A new study finds that hybridization significantly influences the evolutionary history of Heliconius butterflies, contributing to their unique wing patterns. The research suggests that hybridization can provide genetic material for rapid adaptive divergence and radiation, leading to beneficial consequences in species evolution.
A Colorado State University study found that crops irrigated with oil and gas wastewater have weakened immune systems, making them more vulnerable to bacterial and fungal pathogens. The study's authors suggest assessing plant immune response impacts before reusing treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation.
Tropical Storm Maha has developed near the southwestern Indian coast and is strengthening, as indicated by its symmetrical shape. The storm's center is located approximately 848 nautical miles south-southeast of Karachi, Pakistan, with forecasted northwest movement over the next couple of days.
Researchers found that vampire bats who shared food and groomed each other in captivity were more likely to stick together in the wild. The bonds made in captivity weren't just a byproduct of confinement, but rather a reflection of social preferences and environmental influences.
Researchers analyzed BTB and BBB changes in NSCLC brain metastasis over time, revealing key changes including loss of aquaporin-4 and zona occludens-1. These findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the transition of the blood-brain barrier to the blood-tumor barrier.
A new study published in Science reveals the critical criteria for driving a flame to self-generate turbulence and transition into detonation, applicable to both Type Ia supernovae and hypersonic jet propulsion. This discovery may aid the understanding of certain kinds of supernovae and potentially lead to advancements in air and space...
A team of computer scientists presents a novel multi-scale framework to simulate complex fluid-strand interactions, enabling realistic animations in visual effects. The method accurately models the complexity of fluid-strand dynamics across multiple scales, from thin strands to bulk fluids.
Researchers created a mutated form of DNA repair protein RAD51 to study its critical functions at stalled replication forks. The study found that RAD51's strand exchange activity is not required for fork regression, but is crucial for restarting replication once the obstacle has been removed.
A new study finds that acute kidney injury affects 17% of patients taking immunotherapy medications for cancer, while proton pump inhibitors increase the risk of sustained AKI. Nephrologists and oncologists must recognize these factors to diagnose and treat patients effectively.
Computational modeling suggests delayed neural communication underlies anticipatory behaviors, such as tapping along with a metronome or coordinating rowing. The study found that non-musicians exhibit a larger anticipatory tendency than musicians due to pruned attention towards external stimuli.
A recent study observed a significant reduction in opioid use and improvement in pain control among patients receiving fewer opioid tablets after corneal surgery. This decrease is attributed to the reduced prescription of opioids, highlighting the potential benefits of more conservative treatment approaches.
Researchers have released a new cross-bred hazelnut cultivar, 'PollyO', which boasts high nut yield and resistance to eastern filbert fungal blight. The variety has been recommended for areas with similar climates and is well-suited for baked goods and chocolate products.
The UCLA prostate cancer program has been awarded an $8.7 million SPORE grant to develop new approaches for improving diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of prostate cancer. The grant will fund three translational research projects to find better ways to treat men with advanced stages of the disease.
In unvaccinated children, measles infection can cause a significant weakening of the immune system, leading to impaired immunity against viruses and bacteria for months or even years. This phenomenon, known as 'immune amnesia,' was observed in two separate studies published in Science Immunology and Science.
Researchers at Duke University have trained an AI tool to identify up to 200 species of birds from just a photo. The system, which uses deep learning, also shows its thinking by highlighting key patterns in the image.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a previously unknown cellular component called intracellular nanovesicles (INVs) that deliver proteins in heavy traffic. INVs are approximately 30 nanometres across and could provide clues to the process that allows cells, such as cancer cells, to migrate within the body.
OHSU researchers have been awarded $2.1 million to develop new adjuvants that can enhance immune responses against infectious diseases. The goal is to create a range of adjuvants that can be used with different vaccines to protect against various pathogens.
Researchers identified four distinct immune-based subtypes of kidney cancer, which could help predict patient survival and response to treatment. The study also found that certain tumor microenvironment signatures were associated with better or worse overall survival.
Researchers found filovirus antibodies in 5.9% of human samples and up to 13.3% of bat species, including those with Ebola virus, Bundibugyo virus, Sudan virus, Marburg virus, and Mengla virus antibodies. The study highlights the need for surveillance at the human-animal interface.
A three-drug combination improved lung function and reduced symptoms in patients with the most common genetic mutation for cystic fibrosis. The therapy, approved by the FDA, targets the underlying cause of the disease and demonstrated significant benefits in lung function and quality of life.
Researchers found evidence for low-mass black holes, potentially opening up a new area of study about star explosions and formation. The discovery uses data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and identifies a class of black holes smaller than previously known.
A comprehensive genome sequencing study reveals rare CFTR mutations in Puerto Rican and Dominican patients, driving the disease's progression. This finding underscores the need for diverse clinical trials to develop personalized therapies, as transformative new drugs may not benefit minority populations.
A new three-year project aims to test the impact of sleep, exercise and low levels of alcohol on the glymphatic system, a recently discovered pathway that removes waste products from the brain. The study may lead to treatments that can target an important cause of both Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
A Cornell University study found that non-GMO labeled produce experiences a significant boost in demand when accompanied by a GMO label on other products. The 'halo effect' suggests consumers perceive non-GMO labels as more trustworthy and desirable.
Researchers discovered that human saliva is more watery and contains distinct protein profiles compared to chimpanzees and gorillas. The differences are attributed to varying diets, with human saliva being effective at breaking down starch and fat.
Researchers at OIST discover a feedback loop that modulates dopamine levels in response to methylphenidate, suggesting therapeutic effects may be indirect consequences of this regulatory process. The study sheds light on the complex interactions between dopamine systems and ADHD treatment.
A new study finds that illegal hunting using indiscriminate snares is more severe than forest degradation through selective logging for ground-dwelling mammal and bird communities. The research suggests maintaining habitat quality may not be sufficient to protect tropical biodiversity, and overhunting should be prioritized.
A large-scale biodiversity study found that insect decline is more extensive than previously thought, with many species affected in both grasslands and forests. The researchers identified the biggest losses in grasslands surrounded by intensively farmed land, where the most heavily impacted species were those unable to travel far.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota's DAMSL and WTL labs created temperature-responsive textiles using shape memory alloys, enabling self-fitting garments with adjustable fit and conformance to irregular body shapes. The technology has significant implications for medical, aerospace, and commercial applications.
Plant scientists have doubled the amount of grains a sorghum plant can produce by identifying novel genetic variations in the MSD2 gene. This breakthrough could lead to improved crop yields and address global food production challenges related to climate change and population growth.
A multi-centre registry trial is testing the use of a new PSMA tracer to detect early recurrence of prostate cancer. The trial provides valuable insights and has already shown promising results for patients like Wayne Smith, who was able to have a shorter round of hormone therapy.
A study of 993 Brazilian protected areas found 258 moderately vulnerable and 17 highly vulnerable to climate change. The Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes are at greatest risk due to climate-driven changes in vegetation and native species distribution.
A University of Iowa-led study found that Southern California earthquakes increased stress on the Garlock Fault, a major earthquake fault line. The research showed 'aseismic creep' along a 12- to 16-mile section of the fault, indicating it is sensitive to stress changes.
Elderly individuals with random changes in daily movement are at greater risk of frailty, disability, and death. Analyzing daily motor activity using fractal physiology may help predict wellness and health outcomes.
Labelling menus with calorie content led to a small immediate decrease in average calories purchased, but this reduction was followed by a gradual weekly increase over the next year. The study suggests that calorie labelling alone may not be enough to make sustainable reductions in calorie intake in fast food restaurants.
Researchers have developed a stretchable light-emitting device that operates at low voltages and is safe for human skin. The device can be used in smart wearables, soft robotics, and human-machine interfaces.
Researchers at Stellenbosch University have discovered a unique association between the Cape geophyte genus Oxalis and the nitrogen-fixing bacterial genus Bacillus. The bacteria help Oxalis fix nitrogen from the air and perform extraordinary feats of germination, with some species inheriting the bacteria from mother plant to seed.