Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have designed microscale rockets that use sound waves to propel themselves through cellular landscapes. The tiny vessels are controlled using magnetic fields and can move particles and cells with high precision.
Researchers from Penn-led study suggest that tuberculous infection is rarely life-long and that 90% of infected people will not develop active TB. The study found that immunological memory to the disease can outlast elimination of infection, making it difficult to detect those at risk.
IKBFU researchers have found that alder bark extracts contain high levels of polyphenols and antiradical activity, offering potential benefits for anti-aging and disease prevention. The study also reveals the presence of oregonin, a diarylheptanoid glycoside with anti-inflammatory and antimycotic properties.
Researchers found that younger elementary school-age children are at significantly greater odds than those older than high school to suffer a skull or facial fracture while participating in snow sports. Middle school, high school, and post-high school age groups were more likely to experience intra-abdominal injuries.
A new system can capture carbon dioxide from the air at any concentration level, including 400 parts per million, and release it into a carrier stream. This technology has significant implications for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and could eliminate the need for fossil fuels in applications such as soft-drink bottling plants.
Researchers found DNA from pyrophilous fungi inside the surface-sterilized mosses and lichens from burned and unburned areas. The team also discovered fungal DNA in soils from both within and outside burn zones.
China's annual carbon emissions growth declined significantly from 10% to 0.3% between 2002-2012 and 2012-2017, respectively. The slowdown is attributed to China's focus on high-quality development, improving energy efficiency, and shifting consumption patterns.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a new approach to detect and attack cancer cells using light-activated fluorescent dyes. The breakthrough utilizes technology traditionally reserved for solar power, offering promising results in breast, lung, and skin cancer cell lines and mouse models.
A new algorithm developed by a Penn Medicine-led team flags patients who would benefit most from advance care planning conversations, leading to improved timely discussions. The study found that 51% of high-priority flagged patients died within six months compared to less than four percent in lower priority group.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz used a novel nuclear magnetic resonance technique called ZULF to search for dark matter. They found no evidence of ultralight dark matter particles with couplings above a particular threshold, ruling them out as possible candidates.
A UB researcher's study using 26,000 books suggests that the learning environment plays a significant role in shaping language behavior. The researchers analyzed data from 10 different studies involving over 1,000 participants and found that culture-specific books explained much of the variance in the data.
A new study finds that bariatric surgery is a safe option for young adolescents with morbid obesity, with low rates of complications and readmissions. The research analyzed over 3,700 cases and found no deaths in the first 30 days after surgery.
Electrospun fibers are being explored as a novel method for creating effective contraceptives and treating brain tumors. A University of Cincinnati study discovered that coaxial electrospinning can combine different materials to improve drug delivery and effectiveness.
Research found that only 48% of school-age US children get sufficient sleep, leading to improved learning outcomes and childhood flourishing. Children who get enough sleep show increased interest in learning, do required homework, and demonstrate positive behavioral traits.
A study published in Scientific Reports suggests an asteroid or comet hit Earth 12,800 years ago, causing a period of extreme cooling and contributing to the extinctions of over 35 species of megafauna. The impact hypothesis is supported by platinum spikes found at research sites worldwide, including South Carolina, Europe, and Chile.
Researchers have discovered a genetic mutation in monkeys that causes Bardet-Biedl Syndrome, a devastating eye disorder. The discovery provides a promising animal model for developing gene and cell therapies to treat the condition in humans.
New research reveals that daylight hours are the key factor in starting Africa's iconic 'green-up' phenomenon, where plants and trees grow their leaves. The study found shorter daylight hours before the growing season resulted in later vegetation growth.
A nationwide study in Denmark found that people with mental disorders die 10-7 years earlier than the general population. The study, published in The Lancet, explores mortality rates for different types of mental disorders, including depression and anxiety.
The American Dental Association recommends against prescribing antibiotics for healthy adults with toothaches, citing evidence that they do not alleviate symptoms and can cause harm. In cases where dental treatment is delayed or signs of infection are present, antibiotics may be considered, but only in specific scenarios.
Researchers discovered evidence of controlled fire in Lusakert Cave 1, contradicting the long-held notion that Homo sapiens were the first to master fire. The team used archaeological, hydrocarbon, and isotope analysis to determine the age of fire control among early humans.
Researchers found that working memory training relies on task-specific strategies to improve performance, rather than increasing capacity. Hundreds of commercial programs claim to boost memory, but their effects are limited to similar tasks.
Pediatrician Lenore Jarvis is advocating for clinicians and parents to discuss safe gun storage and ask about unlocked firearms to prevent childhood injuries. Unsecured guns are a leading cause of death among children and youth, and families should feel comfortable making informed decisions.
Researchers have discovered that hydrogen boride nanosheets can store and release significant amounts of hydrogen under ultraviolet light, making them a promising material for hydrogen carriers. The discovery reinforces the view that these nanosheets could go beyond graphene as a multifunctional material.
A new study by Georgia Institute of Technology researchers warns that rollbacks of US energy regulations could lead to increased CO2 emissions, slowed progress in reducing pollutants, and worsening air quality. This could result in higher costs for healthcare and finances due to increased cases of respiratory illness.
Women are increasingly turning to informal milk-sharing due to cost and quality concerns, but this practice is discouraged by the AAP due to potential disease transmission and medication exposure. The study aims to understand parental motivations and concerns regarding breast milk donation options.
A new theory suggests that consciousness arises from synchronized neural activity and is guided by thermodynamic principles. During conscious states, the brain has higher entropy and more connected neural networks, leading to greater mental flexibility.
Research suggests that counties with high poverty levels have a 37% higher rate of child suicides compared to the least impoverished counties. The association is particularly pronounced for firearm suicides. To address this issue, experts recommend safe gun storage and open communication with children about mental health and suicide.
A new study finds that relaxing U.S. energy regulations and considering climate change would increase ozone precursors in the air, leading to more counties failing to meet air quality standards. The research used a computer model to simulate the effects of relaxed policies and climate change on ozone levels through 2050.
A Yale-coauthored paper in Lancet analyzed data from 4.9 million patients to compare the safety and effectiveness of five classes of first-line hypertension medications. Thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics were found to be better at preventing heart attack, heart failure, and stroke than ACE inhibitors.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology have discovered a novel amyloid protein, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), that induces amyloidosis in rats. This finding is significant as it may provide insights into the development of human amyloidosis and serve as a disease model for studying this condition.
Typhoon Bualoi continued to exhibit asymmetric shape due to ongoing wind shear, as revealed by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite. The storm was transitioning into an extra-tropical cyclone, losing its tropical characteristics. Forecasters predict it will weaken and make landfall well east of Japan.
A UC Riverside-led team has developed a chemical to help plants retain water, reducing crop losses from drought. The new compound, Opabactin, is more effective than earlier versions and works quickly, allowing farmers to manage crop performance.
Researchers at Scripps Research have found an antibody that protects against a wide range of influenza viruses by targeting the neuraminidase protein. The discovery could lead to the development of a universal flu vaccine that offers broad protection against human, swine, and avian strains.
New research shows that rural areas have a nearly five-fold higher rate of lawn mower injuries, especially among young children. Injuries in rural areas require longer hospital stays, have higher rates of surgical complications, and are more likely to result in amputations.
A team of researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to understand herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections. They found that the NRF2 transcription factor slows infection progression and identified a drug, bardoxolone methyl, that inhibits HSV-1 by activating this factor.
A new study models fracture chain reactions from meltwater ponds on Antarctica's ice shelves, finding a speed limit to their damage. The research suggests that while pond fracturing is short-ranged, rapid surface melting can trigger catastrophic collapses like Larsen B.
A team of scientists has discovered 35 species of marine fungi with unconventional cell division cycles, challenging classical models. The study aims to understand how fungi interact with environments and potentially uncover new biology in the vast marine biosphere.
Physicists demonstrate electrically readable antiferromagnetic materials for ultra-fast logic applications. Antiferromagnets show superior properties over ferromagnets.
Researchers develop copper telluride nanoparticles that mimic enzymes, inducing oxidative stress and triggering inflammatory processes in tumor cells. This triggers an immune response, allowing the body to defend against metastasis and relapses.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open reveals that analyzing gene expression in tumor cells can reveal new targets for therapy in pediatric cancer patients. The study found that 68% of children with cancer showed potential for treatment through gene expression analysis, compared to 46% who responded to DNA mutation analysis.
A decision support tool has been shown to reduce unnecessary referrals of low-risk patients with chest pain, potentially saving $4 million annually in healthcare costs. The tool uses evidence-based red flags to help primary care pediatricians accurately assess cardiac conditions.
Physicists have discovered that useful information about ultrafast light-matter interactions is buried deep within signals produced by two-colour pump-probe experiments. Advanced techniques are required to extract this information, which could lead to breakthroughs in fields such as vision and photosynthesis.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center identified the transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1) as critical to the formation of mature and fully functioning T cells. AP-1 helps open up chromatin, a twisted structure of DNA that controls cell activation.
Research reveals that 76.7% of swimmers experience shoulder pain within the last 12 months, with distances swum exceeding 2,001 yards significantly increasing pain reports. The study also found that nearly half of athletes know peers using pain medication, highlighting a concerning trend in competitive swimming.
An observational study of 77,206 postmenopausal women found that regular physical activity was associated with a lower risk of fractures. The study's findings suggest that incorporating physical activity into daily routines may help reduce fracture risk in older women.
A high-fiber and yogurt-rich diet has been shown to reduce lung cancer risk by 33% compared to a low-fiber diet. The study's findings support the US Dietary Guidelines recommending a high fiber and yogurt diet for cardiovascular health and gastrointestinal cancer prevention.
Researchers at the University of Turku have used super-resolution microscopy to study focal adhesions in human pluripotent stem cells. The study reveals novel features in the ultrastructure of these adhesions, which may be important for maintaining pluripotency. Abrogation of focal adhesion structure leads to a speeded-up exit from the...
Research suggests that families with high levels of resilience can reduce their child's risk of being bullied, while also protecting them from becoming bullies themselves. The study analyzed responses to the National Survey of Children's Health and found a significant association between family resilience and lower rates of bullying.
Researchers at the University of Seville have developed a procedure for producing boron carbide phase B6C, an ultra-resistant material with a hardness of 52 GPa and Young modulus of 600 GPa. The material is resistant to radioactivity and surpasses diamond in hardness.
Researchers detected oral HPV DNA in 6.2% of teen and young adult female participants, with detection decreasing over time since becoming sexually active. The study suggests that the HPV vaccine is less effective against certain types of oral HPV in vaccinated individuals compared to those who are fully unvaccinated.
The PROLONG trial found that weekly injections of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate do not reduce recurrent preterm birth or neonatal morbidity. In contrast, a previous study showed a 34% reduction in recurrent preterm birth with this medication. The differing results may be attributed to differences in the populations studied.
Salk scientists discovered how microprotein PIGBOS contributes to mitigating cell stress, which can lead to cancer and neurodegeneration. The study suggests that targeting PIGBOS could provide new therapies for human disease.
The researchers have developed a platform that enables companies to quickly address safety concerns in autonomous vehicles through software and hardware advances. They analyzed 144 AVs driving over 1,116,605 miles and found that human-driven cars were up to 4000 times less likely than AVs to have an accident.
Researchers have isolated three broadly protective human antibodies targeting the influenza virus neuraminidase protein, providing strong protection against various strains in vitro and mice. These antibodies could inform the development of new antiviral treatments and HA-based vaccines with longer-lasting immunity.
Tropical Storm Kyarr formed quickly near the southwestern coast of India, intensifying into a storm with heavy rainfall warnings and gale-force winds forecasted. NASA's Aqua satellite provided visible images revealing a large band of powerful thunderstorms circling the low-level center of circulation.
Tropical Depression 17 formed over the Gulf of Mexico, with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph and a minimum central pressure of 1006 millibars. The depression is expected to merge with a cold front, bringing gale-force winds and heavy rainfall to the northern Gulf coast.
Researchers find over 100 insect larvae in amber, providing new evidence on the ecology of Eocene-era forests. The discovery supports a warm-to-temperate seasonal humid forest ecosystem interpretation, and offers insights into the evolution of dipteran larvae.
Trampoline-related fractures among children increased by an average of 3.85% from 2008 to 2017, with most injuries occurring outside the home at places of recreation or sport. The study suggests that trampoline parks and gyms may be contributing to the rising incidence of trampoline fractures.
A study found that white children are more likely to receive intravenous fluids and be admitted to the hospital for dehydration than black and Hispanic children. Children from non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and other racial groups were also less likely to receive these treatments.
Researchers at NTNU have created magnetic supercrystals that assemble themselves into strong shapes, increasing cohesive energy by up to 45% due to magnetism. This discovery opens up new possibilities for controlling the mechanical properties of these structures, which could be used in various applications.
Researchers have identified glial and vascular cells as contributing to the development of age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. The study provides new insights into the disease, highlighting potential targets for novel therapies.
A study published in Health Economics found that individuals with early-stage Alzheimer's disease face a heightened risk of adverse financial outcomes due to compromised decision-making and exploitation. The researchers tracked financial data before diagnosis and found significant reductions in liquid assets and net wealth.
University of Exeter researchers have identified a gene in Clostridioides difficile responsible for binding to the gut, offering a promising new approach to developing a vaccine. Mice vaccinated with this protein generated specific antibodies and were less susceptible to C. diff infection.
The Antarctic Broadcasts: Broader Impacts Through Telepresence project invites the public and classrooms to interact with polar scientists conducting critical research in Western Antarctica. The Inner Space Center will broadcast live 'Polar Stories' sessions, providing real-time feeds from ships and remote stations.
Researchers developed a new type of micromotor that can move around single cells and microscopic particles in three dimensions without damaging them. The technology has potential applications in targeted drug delivery, nanomedicine, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and other biomedical fields.
A new study from Penn Medicine shows that bariatric surgery is safe and effective for teenagers with morbid obesity, with low rates of complications and readmissions. The study found no evidence that higher BMI was associated with poor health outcomes following adolescent bariatric surgery.
Researchers use deflating beach balls to model microscopic hollow spheres, revealing properties that could aid in targeted drug delivery. This understanding may help control directed motion and improve cancer treatment.
Astrophysicists simulated giant radio galaxies to explain their formation. They found that these objects remain enormous even at great distances, challenging classical physics.
A study found that first-generation immigrants who spend more time in the US are more likely to use prescription opioids. The study revealed a significant increase in opioid use from new to long-standing immigrants, with nonimmigrants also showing a higher rate of opioid use.
Researchers have identified two types of dinosaur footprints in Switzerland, Portugal, Spain, and Morocco that suggest large predators strolled between the two continents. The footprints belong to carnivorous theropods similar to Tyrannosaurus rex.
A new study found a fourfold increase in the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) devices among emergency medical technicians in the U.S. over a six-year period, despite minimal evidence of their effectiveness. The devices were used more often outside of hospitals, with a steep rise from 2% to 8% between 2010 and 2016.
A Swansea-led project aims to provide clean, affordable and reliable power to local communities in developing countries using perovskite solar cells. The £800,000 funding will support the construction of demonstrator buildings and collaboration with experts from five countries.
Researchers simulated the critical reheating period at the end of cosmic inflation, which may have bridged the gap between inflation and the Big Bang. The simulations suggest that quantum effects could have redistributed energy quickly, producing conditions necessary for the start of the Big Bang.
Researchers at McGill University have identified improved avenues for training plastic surgeons in microsurgery. By adopting non-biological simulators, they found a 48% decrease in the number of animals needed for training and a 50% reduction in costs. This shift also reduces animal use, death, and improves performance on animal models.
Researchers found that drones arrived faster than ambulances in Brooklyn during peak rush hour, with average response times of 6.48 minutes and 9.54 minutes respectively. The study suggests that drones could be used to deliver life-saving medications or interventions in emergency situations.
Research reveals that nearly 1 in 10 hospitalized children with drowning injuries die despite comprehensive medical care. The study identified demographic factors such as being under 5 years old, male, and Caucasian, as well as complications like cerebral edema and cardiac arrhythmia, as significant predictors of mortality.
A team of researchers has confirmed that distinctive geometric shapes and irregular amorphous structures can be identified mathematically in atomic clusters. The new method provides insights into the structural properties and potential forces between atoms, enabling more effective engineering of nanoparticles for specific applications.
A new study reveals that many emergency medical services (EMS) responders lack recent training in newborn resuscitation techniques and experience caring for newborns. The researchers analyzed simulated 911 calls to a home birth in progress, highlighting the need for EMS-specific neonatal training and equipment.
Researchers developed an injectable drug formulation using lipid nanoparticles to sustain the effect of naproxen in treating temporomandibular joint inflammation. The study showed significant reduction in inflammation and absence of side effects, making it a potential treatment option for this condition.
Scientists at the University of Göttingen have identified an alternative erythropoietin receptor, CRLF3, which triggers protective effects in humans without stimulating red blood cell production. This discovery offers new hope for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers at TU Dresden are working on understanding the metabolism of cancer cells, tracing the development of childhood leukemia, and developing novel electronic components using 2D materials. The institution has received a total of 48 ERC Grants since 2008 to support innovative projects.
A Stanford University study published in Energy and Environmental Science suggests that carbon capture technologies can cause more harm than good, reducing only a small fraction of carbon emissions. The research concludes that using renewable energy options like wind or solar is always better from a social cost perspective.
A new study reveals that taxi drivers use trip selection to optimize their earnings rather than increasing the number of trips or working hours. Mobile hailing apps enable drivers to choose longer, larger-fare trips, improving hourly earnings and reducing cruising time between trips.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have mapped proteins secreted by adult human brown and white fat cells, revealing they send distinct signals to the rest of the body. Brown fat plays a key role in regulating the cellular immune system, while white fat promotes tissue plasticity.
Research suggests that administering antihistamines for anaphylaxis symptoms can delay seeking medical care, with a majority of families experiencing delays after using these medications. Experts stress the importance of immediate treatment with epinephrine to prevent fatal outcomes.
The new integrated modeling framework could help the Indus Basin region address water resource challenges and interconnected sustainable development goals. The framework, developed by IIASA researchers, includes state-of-the-art integrated assessment modeling and participatory approaches to engage stakeholders in decision-making.
A two-year study by Cleveland Clinic researchers found that patients treated with functional medicine experienced significant improvements in health-related quality of life. Compared to those seen in primary care, these patients showed larger and more sustainable benefits in their physical health.
Researchers found that birds in constant traffic noise had lower levels of corticosterone in their blood compared to quiet environments. This suppression may protect against negative effects of chronic stress on the immune system. Chicks from noisy parents were also smaller but caught up after leaving the nest.
A study of social workers found that leaving a child under 12 years old home alone for four hours is often considered neglect, regardless of injury. The research suggests the need for uniform guidelines and safety laws to protect children from harm.
A microscopic process of electron spin dynamics in nanoparticles has been identified, which could have wide-ranging impact on applications in medicine, quantum computation, and spintronics. The research provides insights into the principles of energy dissipation in nanomagnets, enabling engineers to build better devices.
Researchers used solid-state NMR spectroscopy to observe rhomboid protease movement, revealing a gate that opens for substrate protein entry. This study provides new insights for developing medication targeting these proteins.
A recent study found that mountain streams have a higher average CO2 emission rate per square meter than lower-altitude streams due to additional turbulence. The scientists developed a model to estimate natural CO2 emissions from over 1.8 million mountain streams worldwide, indicating geological sources as the primary origin of CO2.