A new study by Ben-Gurion University researchers found that stevia can disrupt communications between different bacteria in the gut microbiome. Stevia may not be as safe as initially thought, with potential implications for the food industry.
Researchers have found that knocking out the CD5 gene on CAR T cells using CRISPR-Cas9 technology enhances their ability to eliminate blood cancers. Mice infused with CD5-deleted CAR T cells showed higher T cell proliferation and reduced tumor size compared to non-edited cells.
Researchers at University of California San Diego have created a flexible, rechargeable silver oxide-zinc battery with areal energy density five to ten times greater than state-of-the-art batteries. The device can be used in wearables and soft robotics.
Researchers developed a new decoding method to understand viral infections. They identified nine novel proteins encoded by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), including the pathogenic factor piUL49, which controls the onset mechanism of herpes encephalitis. The discovery is expected to lead to new treatments for HSV encephalitis.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney have found that dihydrogen phosphate anions, crucial for cellular activity, form clusters in solution due to surprisingly strong hydrogen bonds. This new understanding has implications for controlling the transport of molecules and potentially explaining biological membrane structure.
A study by RUDN University found that adding fern leaves powder to the diet of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) improves their immune system and supports healthy growth. The experiment, published in Fish & Shellfish Immunology journal, showed no side effects from the natural additive.
A new study led by the University of Ottawa found that chronic sleep disruption during adolescence can lead to depression in both males and females. Adolescent females were particularly vulnerable to stress hormone release and activation of stress-sensitive brain cells, suggesting a higher risk of mood disorder development.
A new cancer therapy approach combines gemcitabine chemotherapy with celecoxib, an anti-inflammatory medication, to activate the immune system and fight cancer. The combination has shown potential in improving the percentage of patients who respond to immunotherapy drugs.
Researchers developed a detector that mimics a mosquito's antenna to identify species and sex based on sound patterns. The bioinspired device uses machine learning and speech recognition tools to differentiate between species and sex, offering a potential tool for disease-carrying mosquito identification and selective pesticide use.
A University of Washington study found that aircraft noise impacts the Olympic Peninsula at least 20% of weekday hours, affecting wildlife and residents. The researchers also found most military aircraft noise is intermittent and comparable to Seattle's air traffic.
Researchers created a mouse model to study SARS-CoV-2's impact on organs beyond the lungs, revealing systemic damage and long-lasting changes. The study sheds light on the virus's ability to circulate through the bloodstream and affect vital organs.
Researchers have created smart road signs that use built-in Doppler radar, video, and acoustic radar devices to monitor traffic and conditions. The signs display dynamically updated recommended speeds and alert drivers in real time to hazards ahead.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing has identified GLP-1R-expressing neural circuits in the brain that reduce cocaine-seeking behavior. The research found that activating these endogenous anti-craving circuits can significantly reduce cocaine craving-induced relapse.
A team of researchers has developed a unique process to produce a quantum state that is part light and part matter. This discovery provides fundamental insights for developing efficient quantum-based optical and electronic devices, as well as increasing the efficiency of nanoscale chemical reactions.
Researchers at the University of Cologne have discovered the molecular mechanism of plant immune receptors, revealing a common structural principle to trigger intracellular immune signals and cell death. The study found that activated protein forms a tetramer, which creates a unique surface necessary for defence signal triggering.
Researchers found that IgA antibodies dominate the early COVID-19 response, coming on more quickly than IgG and IgM antibodies. A vaccine designed to induce dimeric IgA may offer protection against the virus.
A $2.5 million project aims to develop a virtual assistant tool for dementia carers in Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, and Vietnam. The tool will provide video instructions and translate into different languages, improving mental health and wellbeing for over two million carers.
Researchers developed a potential new treatment for glaucoma using a natural, biodegradable hydrogel that opens an alternate pathway for excess fluid to leave the eye. The treatment could provide an efficient alternative to current treatments without daily drops or surgery.
A study by Alfred Wegener Institute reveals that warm and dry Aprils in Central Europe increase the risk of summer droughts. The team found that a blocking high-pressure system over the North Sea and parts of Germany is to blame for these conditions.
A study reveals distinct dietary patterns in ancient Huaca Prieta and Paredones communities in north coastal Peru, with Paredones adults consuming high amounts of maize and terrestrial meat. The findings suggest diet differences may have facilitated resource exchange and economic specialization between nearby communities.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen find that computer algorithms cannot optimize packing of objects in two dimensions without overlap beyond four or five items. The study's findings have significant implications for industries such as clothing manufacturing and metal processing, where efficient material cutting is crucial.
A recent study by UC Santa Barbara and NOAA reveals that marine protected areas have little effect on mitigating the impacts of marine heatwaves on ocean ecosystems. The research found that the heatwave had a significant impact on fish communities within and outside MPAs, with non-targeted species being more responsive to the changes.
Researchers have made two discoveries that expand additive manufacturing in aerospace and other industries relying on strong metal parts. They presented a process map to help manufacturers avoid generating defects during laser powder bed fusion.
Researchers found 27 plastic items per square meter in mangroves, with plastics buried up to 35cm deep. Mangroves' resilience is threatened as trees suffocate when half of the forest floor is covered in plastic.
A new tool allows architects to design curved glass façades using an interactive, data-driven approach. The software uses deep neural networks to predict glass panel shapes and fabricability, enabling efficient optimization of designs while balancing economic, aesthetic, and engineering criteria.
A novel form of an Alzheimer's protein found in spinal fluid indicates what stage of the disease a person is in and tracks with tangles of tau protein in the brain, which are toxic to neurons. The discovery could lead to better diagnostics and accelerate efforts to find treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
Research found that neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, cause tissue death in brain cancer tissues, leading to poor survival rates for glioblastoma patients. The study identified ferroptosis as the underlying mechanism, which promotes tumor growth.
A new study on 150-year-old museum specimens of Western honey bees found higher genetic diversity than expected, contradicting the notion that loss of genetic diversity contributes to bee decline. The research suggests that unique mating systems and migration patterns may help maintain high levels of variation in modern hives.
Researchers investigate various aspects of COVID-19. A study finds hydroxychloroquine has no benefit in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection after exposure. Meanwhile, a review reveals patients with COVID-19 can develop prolonged illness, sometimes referred to as 'Long COVID'. Additionally, a Wuhan study sheds light on viral persistence and...
A study found that rap songs referencing mental health more than doubled between 1998 and 2018, a trend that could shape the conversation around mental health for young listeners. Most artists referenced love and environmental issues as stressors, using metaphors like 'pushed to the edge' or 'fighting my demons',
Researchers found that the USH2A protein, produced by the Meissner corpuscle, is essential for maintaining normal touch perception. The protein helps transmit touch vibrations from the outside of the fingertip to the nerve ending inside the corpuscle.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield and Montanuniversitaet Leoben in Austria have developed a new aluminium alloy that resists radiation damage, making it suitable for use in spacecraft. The alloy's T-phase has a complex crystal structure that prevents hardening precipitates from dissolving under high radiation doses.
Researchers at Tohoku University have discovered a mantle plume beneath central Greenland that melts the ice from below, bolstering understanding of volcanic activities and global sea-level rising.
Research finds that higher Head Start enrollment mitigated poverty growth among families with young children during the Great Recession. States with higher levels of enrollment experienced less poverty growth and a faster, more stable economic recovery.
Giant pandas roll in horse manure to acclimatize to cold temperatures, with beta-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide playing a crucial role. The compounds inhibit the pandas' thermosensitive receptor pathway, leading to increased cold tolerance.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have developed a method to create lab-grown liver organoids with blood- and bile-handling systems using synthetic biology and machine learning. The resulting organs can mature faster than natural organs, extending the life of mice with failing livers.
Researchers found that factual language evokes stronger brain responses than possible language, highlighting the power of fact-based communication in processing information. The study's findings suggest that our brains have a specialized representation for factual information, which is distinct from those for possibilities.
A new study published in Nature Human Behaviour found that the militarization of local law enforcement through military equipment does not reduce crime rates. Researchers discovered significant discrepancies in the federal government's tracking of surplus military equipment and incomplete records, making it difficult to draw firm concl...
A new framework helps determine the exact timing of DNA mutations in cancer genomes, enabling more targeted and personalized treatments. By analyzing 22 different algorithms on nearly 300 prostate cancer samples, UCLA researchers identified biases and variability to improve treatment outcomes.
Scientists analyzed compounds in wastewater to gauge public health aspects, including SARS-CoV-2 detection. They found that measuring virus particles in settled solids from sewage treatment plants could be a more sensitive approach than current methods.
A new detector using cesium lead bromide perovskite crystals has been developed to aid in the detection and identification of radioactive isotopes. The device achieves high resolution in energy detection, allowing for differentiation between legal and illegal gamma rays.
A team of engineers demonstrated how a series of lunar images can provide key navigational data, allowing spacecraft to target specific locations with precision. The technique enables map-free visual odometry, gathering navigation information even when a complete map isn't available.
The Kessler Foundation received a $10,000 grant from the Craig H. Neilsen Foundation to facilitate ongoing spinal cord injury education for inpatients and their families. This virtual education format enables group interaction despite physical distancing measures, providing additional support for caregivers.
The Smellicopter drone uses a live moth antenna to sense chemicals in the air and navigate towards sources of interest. It can also avoid obstacles using infrared sensors and doesn't require GPS, making it suitable for exploring indoor or underground spaces.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a unique population of cells that record both time and place in the brain, allowing for enhanced memory recall. These findings could provide the basis for new treatments to combat memory loss from conditions such as traumatic brain injury or Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers warn that peatlands, a significant carbon sink, are expected to shift from absorbing to emitting carbon due to human impacts. The study predicts total carbon loss from 2020-2100 at 104 billion tons, emphasizing the need for urgent inclusion in climate models and better preservation efforts.
A recent study from Rice University reveals that Indian women beyond childbearing age are dying at a higher rate than those in other countries due to poverty and limited access to essential resources such as food and healthcare. The research highlights the critical consequences of gender inequality on women's bargaining power within th...
Researchers developed an artificial neural network model that can simulate brain processes involved in grasping movements. The model was trained with data from rhesus monkeys and accurately reproduced their grasping movements, providing insights into neuronal dynamics.
Researchers in Italy evaluated the risks of mother-to-infant SARS-CoV-2 transmission during rooming-in practice. With adequate droplet and contact precautions, the study found that such transmission is extremely rare.
A new study finds the Sr22 gene is conserved among grasses in the Triticeae and Poeae lineages, with significant expansion in barley and oat lineages. The research provides valuable insights into plant disease resistance gene function and evolution, potentially improving crop resilience to agriculturally important diseases.
A new study published in Science Advances found that a drug called phenylbutyrate can help cells clear herpes simplex 1 and 2 viruses. When used in combination with acyclovir, the drug combo is more effective and reduces side effects associated with long-term use of acyclovir.
The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened existing health disparities in pediatric care, with increased gaps in physical and mental health services. Telehealth can help bridge these gaps, reducing healthcare disparities.
A new study analyzed the relationship between working life expectancy and health expectancies, revealing potential to increase expected economically active years for both men and women. However, education-specific analysis showed large differences in size of this potential among socioeconomic subgroups.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze brain network data from people with major depressive disorder, identifying distinct patterns of coordinated brain activity. The new brain network signature achieved 70% accuracy in detecting major depression across different imaging protocols.
Fossil discovery provides insights into ancient Tibetan biota and land surface height in the middle Eocene. The study reveals a diverse and humid subtropical forest ecosystem at an elevation of 1,500 meters under a monsoonal climate.
Kyoto University researchers highlight the need for targeted conservation efforts due to 90% extinction risk for Japanese bat species. The study reveals poor alignment between conservation needs and research resource allocation, with many threats understudied.
A new study reveals an average of 120,232 firearm injuries per year in the US, with nonfatal cases being twice as prevalent as deaths. The research highlights the need for effective prevention strategies beyond just addressing fatal injuries.
A new study documents bonefish diving 450 feet deep to spawn, a rare behavior in shallow water fish. The research provides crucial information for conservation efforts, informing techniques used to rear captive spawned bonefish larvae and better focus habitat conservation.
Researchers at the University of Leicester are helping community groups in Rio de Janeiro's favelas develop digital storytelling skills through a virtual tourism platform called Lockdown Stories. The project aims to empower individuals and communities within the favelas, reducing their isolation and increasing access to global audiences.
Research reveals Xylella fastidiosa transmission peaks in July and August, affecting grapevine Pierce's disease in California. The study suggests late-season infections are more likely to persist, highlighting the need for regionally specific data.