Researchers used bioinformatics to identify proteins expressed by arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, finding similarities among them. The study suggests that protein profiles may help identify these proteins in the future.
A study published in Science Advances finds that as ancient Pueblo villages grew in size, their residents' per capita production of food and goods increased. This suggests that busy streets may lead to better-off citizens. The research provides a lesson for modern cities on the benefits of social connection and urbanization.
Researchers developed a modified dynamic contrast-enhanced-MRI protocol to detect chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in football players. The test measures blood-brain barrier leakage, revealing localized vascular pathology that persists for months in affected players.
A study found that droughts can increase power costs and pollution linked to hydropower losses, even with increased renewable energy. The analysis of the 2012-2016 California drought revealed a moderate impact on electricity prices but also highlighted the importance of flexible generation sources during drought years.
A phase I/II clinical trial suggests that vaccines prepared from a patient's own tumor cells may prevent mantle cell lymphoma from returning after treatment. The vaccines are a safe and effective way to induce the immune system to attack any tumor cells that could cause disease relapse.
Researchers study syenite intrusion in Kerguelen plateau, finding similarities to continental crust formations; discovery challenges conventional understanding of continent creation
A survey of US adults in May found widespread support for public health measures to limit the spread of COVID-19. Almost 80% of respondents supported stay-at-home orders and nonessential business closures, with high levels of adherence to public health recommendations such as using cloth face coverings and maintaining physical distancing.
A study by Marshall University researcher M. Jeremiah Matson found that higher humidity and warmer temperatures reduce the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in human nasal mucus and sputum. Viral RNA was consistently detectable, while infectious virus was detectable for shorter periods.
Chaowei Yang and collaborators are developing a comprehensive data repository of virus cases, social information, and other relevant data. The platform utilizes spatiotemporal computing infrastructure for analyzing case trajectories, identifying patterns, and predicting future trends.
A new study found that offering free trials to existing customers can increase sales, particularly among higher data usage customers. Including a sharing feature in the offer also boosts impact. This approach leverages the 'power of sharing' and can help businesses retain customers while growing future sales.
A new study from Veterans Affairs Research Communications used predictive modeling techniques on over 275,000 patients with diabetes to identify factors that impact mortality. The results placed patients in three time frames for expected death and provide a framework for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions.
Researchers developed a pioneering production method for heterostructure devices based on 2D materials, forming sharp heterointerfaces through mechanical abrasion. The technique enables the creation of various functional devices with superior performance to existing methods.
A new study found that early signs of type 2 diabetes can be detected in children as young as 8 years old through metabolic changes measured by blood samples. The research identified subtle differences in metabolism among participants who were more genetically prone to developing the disease later in life.
Researchers found high-dose131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment improved outcomes in refractory high-risk neuroblastoma patients. The study discovered a 42% event-free survival rate at 1 year and 16% at 5 years, with overall survival rates of 58% at 1 year and 42% at 5 years.
Researchers developed LIH383, a novel molecule targeting ACKR3, which modulates natural painkilling and antidepressant properties by reducing opioid peptide levels. This discovery offers an alternative therapeutic strategy for chronic pain, stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as cancer treatment.
Researchers from The University of Manchester created a prototype garment that can lower the body temperature in hot climates using graphene's remarkable thermal properties. The technology also opens up new possibilities for interactive infrared displays and covert communication on textile.
A new study by American Cancer Society finds that cancer survivors experiencing higher medical and nonmedical financial hardships are more likely to visit the emergency department, receive less preventive care, and have worse self-rated health. The study highlights the growing healthcare costs and their impact on worsening health dispa...
A West Virginia University-led study found a significant increase in seasonal flu deaths in US cities with professional sports teams. Researchers analyzed data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and discovered that flu mortality rates rose by 5-24% during pro sports seasons, with the largest jump observed in NHL games.
A study published in Cell reveals that viruses can produce previously undetected proteins by stitching together host and viral sequences, altering the course of viral infection. These new proteins could be exploited for vaccine purposes and may hold key to understanding viral virulence.
Researchers introduced a new system to improve cooperation among goods and service providers in rural villages, by assigning reputation scores and rewarding responsible welfare usage. The study's findings suggest that the payoff transfer mechanism can optimize public cooperation without significant costs.
A new study using statistical mechanics improves climate prediction accuracy for IPCC-class models, bridging gap between scenarios and models. This approach enables real-time scenario construction and facilitates the assessment of tipping points, a crucial aspect of understanding climate change.
Researchers have developed a method to detect the presence of weak gravitational wave events, revealing a lost 8 billion light years of universe evolution. This breakthrough will allow scientists to observe farther away in space-time and gain insights into the early universe's structure.
New research enables structural optimization of Future Vertical Lift vehicles, allowing for morphing capabilities during flight. This reduces computational cost by up to 80% while maintaining accuracy.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the design and analysis of oncology trials, presenting challenges for cancer researchers and clinicians. As a result, cancer treatment options and patient care have been disrupted, highlighting the need for new strategies to overcome these obstacles.
Scientists have mapped thousands of teff varieties to fast-track efforts to save the crop from higher temperatures, which could reduce production by 80%. The study reveals unique characteristics and traits allowing teff to cope with different environmental conditions.
Researchers have found unprecedented levels of complexity and rapid changes in jets and gas bubbles blasting off from the centers of two young planetary nebulas. Hubble's multi-wavelength observations are helping to converge on an understanding of the mechanisms underlying these chaotic fireworks.
A four-year-long earthquake swarm near Cahuilla, California was driven by a naturally occurring injection of underground fluids, revealing complex conditions for fluid flow within the fault zone. The study provides new insights into seismic processes and brings closer concrete explanations for how earthquake swarms start and terminate.
A Duke researcher found that publicizing OSHA violations through press releases leads to a significant improvement in compliance among nearby facilities, with effects persisting up to 31 miles away. The study suggests that this approach can be an effective tool for regulatory agencies to promote safety and health in the workplace.
A new open-source machine learning tool identifies proteins associated with drug side effects, offering insights into how the human body responds to drug compounds. The algorithm has generated 221 associations between individual proteins and specific adverse drug reactions.
The study establishes a cost-effective synthetic strategy to gain highly proton-conductive porous organic polymers (POPs) with excellent conductivity of 10-2 to 10-1 S cm-1. This design offers a universal means for evolving structural design for highly proton-conductive materials.
A European research team developed a photographic film at the atomic level to track the motion of a molecular building block. The result shows a light-controlled 'pedalo-type motion', moving forward and backward, which could help control material properties with molecular switches.
New international research reveals that forest cover loss amplifies both gains and losses in global biodiversity. The study, spanning 150 years and over 6,000 locations, finds that forests support around 80% of all land species, with some species declining rapidly after forest loss.
Testing is vital to identify cases, track superspreading events, and spot previously infected individuals. Innovative approaches are helping to overcome bottlenecks in testing efforts, with the US still struggling to match countries like New Zealand and South Korea.
A new study found that academic scientists prioritize social impact and intellectual challenge over financial gain when engaging in commercial activities. In life sciences, a strong desire for social impact drives patent applications, while engineers are motivated by intellectual challenge and peer recognition.
A new study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that COVID-19 patients with extremely high cortisol levels are more likely to deteriorate quickly and die. Cortisol levels can be used as a marker of illness severity, helping identify patients who need intensive care.
Researchers from the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences successfully create tensile and inhomogeneous quantum rings in a controlled manner. The work involves trapping ultracold atoms in optical lattices and modifying interaction between atoms to mimic superconductors.
Researchers warn that forests can be vulnerable to climate change, including fire, drought, and insect damage, which can undermine the effectiveness of forest-based natural climate solutions. Scientists must focus on assessing forest climate risks and sharing data with policymakers to inform climate strategies.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding chandelier cells, which are key regulators of brain signaling. Abnormalities in these cells have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, and studying them may provide insights into disease mechanisms.
A Columbia University study found that crowded homes and poor neighborhoods increase the risk of COVID-19 infection. Women living in high-density households were three times more likely to contract the virus.
Despite efforts to equalize gender representation in STEM fields, persistent gaps remain, particularly in Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science. Low-achieving men dominate these fields, while high-achieving women are discouraged from entering.
The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the diversity of blood thinners in leech saliva, shedding light on their potential use in hospital settings. The leech genome sequence offers critical insight into the evolution of bloodfeeding in leeches and may revolutionize the treatment of certain medical conditions.
A recent international study found a significant shift in pet feeding practices over the past decade, with a rise in raw and home-made foods. The research warns that these unconventional diets may pose health risks for animals, citing nutrient deficiencies and bacterial contamination.
Children's Cancer Institute researchers have discovered a new approach to treating acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) by targeting leukemia stem cells. The therapy disrupts the ability of these cells to self-renew, markedly reducing leukaemia amounts and preventing new cells from growing.
A UC Davis study found that the use of extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs) in California increased substantially over the first four years, with most orders requested by law enforcement officers for male and white individuals. The study also identified differences in ERPO use across counties and geographic clustering among neighbori...
Researchers developed a novel dietary silicon-based antioxidant agent that suppressed the development and progression of kidney failure and Parkinson's disease in rodents. The agent enabled the continuous production of an OH-eliminating molecule, significantly lowering oxidative stress and inflammation.
The new research system records, reconstructs, compresses, and delivers high-quality immersive light field videos with a lightweight and efficient approach. The team overcomes challenges to create a realistic virtual environment with panoramic views and natural lighting effects.
A recent study reveals that ancient farmers' use of charcoal to fertilize the soil created a unique ecosystem in the Amazon, boosting biodiversity and supporting plant diversity. The 'dark earth' technique has left a lasting legacy in the region's mature forests.
A recent NTNU study on wild boars in France reveals that rapid growth and early maturity may not come at a cost. In fact, faster-growing males had lower mortality rates due to hunting and natural causes, while females showed no significant impact from early reproduction.
Rural patients receive lower quality care and have higher mortality rates due to limited access to advanced stroke treatments. The analysis found that hospital capabilities for delivering advanced stroke care are lower in rural areas, resulting in substantially higher mortality rates.
A new study has discovered a direct link between mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene and the KRAS oncogene, driving the formation of pancreatic cancer. The research provides insight into the mechanism that regulates cell activity, offering potential therapeutic targets for future development.
More than a quarter of exoplanets could be ocean worlds, harboring subsurface oceans and releasing energy similar to Europa and Enceladus. Scientists predict that these planets may be geologically active enough to support life, with some releasing more heat than others.
A team of scientists has successfully produced a special type of light called a frequency comb, which consists of different light frequencies arranged at regular distances. The breakthrough uses circular quantum cascade lasers and turbulence to create the ordered light, contradicting current laser theory.
Researchers at UC Davis propose a novel model of sex evolution before and during grapevine domestication, revealing the genetic basis of hermaphroditism. The study finds that female individuals arise from a recessive deletion in a gene necessary for pollen germination.
A Stirling-led project aims to reduce the prevalence of schistosomiasis, a debilitating infection affecting 200 million people worldwide. By boosting native snail predators through aquaculture, researchers hope to control snail populations and limit the spread of the disease.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to describe human behavior in various scenarios, helping to understand decision-making. The study found that people tend to use a linear threshold model, increasing the price they're willing to pay over time.
Researchers found that thorns in citrus plants arise from stem cells, which undergo a programmed arrest to create the sharp pointy end. This discovery may lead to safer fruit harvesting and more fruitful orchards.
A new five-step protocol aims to reduce mortality of threatened birds of prey due to accidents with infrastructures. The protocol identifies sink populations, frequented areas, and high-risk infrastructure features to improve conservation actions.
Research investigates cyclosporin variants for their potential in regulating mitochondrial activity, shedding light on the structure-activity relationship. The study's findings suggest that certain cycloprotein molecules may be useful in treating diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Researchers warn that SARS-CoV-2 can infect various animals, posing a risk of transmission to humans. Implementing surveillance programmes is crucial to detect infected animals and prevent outbreaks.
A study led by University College London found that elite athletes who adopted simple oral health measures reported reduced negative effects on performance related to poor oral health. The behaviour change programme improved oral health behaviours and reduced symptoms of gum inflammation, leading to improved sporting performance.