A large-scale study of over 212,000 active duty Army personnel found that those with stable positive character strengths prior to deployment were less likely to struggle with mental health issues after returning home. In contrast, those with lower character strengths experienced further declines and were at higher risk for major mental...
A new test developed at CHU Sainte-Justine enables better management of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) by analyzing a small volume of peripheral blood. The test uses a 3D culture system to mimic the function of a human thymus, allowing for a relatively quick response and improved treatment options.
University of Guam researchers have been awarded $39,171 to study the reproductive biology and fragmentation potential of blue coral, while another project aims to develop a genetic toolkit to predict stress levels in corals. This funding will support coral restoration and rehabilitation efforts on Guam.
A machine-learning model analyzes histopathology slides to predict cancer prognosis and survival. The study, published in PLOS ONE, shows promise for improving cancer care.
A Washington State University study found that living in neighborhoods with high walkability, socioeconomic status, and age diversity may contribute to longevity. Researchers analyzed data on nearly 145,000 Washingtonians who died at age 75 or older between 2011 and 2015.
Researchers developed a new test, PrOTYPE, to classify high-grade serous ovarian cancer into four molecular subtypes. This test allows clinicians to tailor treatments to individual patients' tumours with over 95% accuracy.
A new study analyzed data from over 825 trauma centers in the US to identify factors associated with withdrawing life-supporting treatment in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. The findings suggest that demographic and clinical characteristics play a significant role in these decisions.
Researchers from Shinshu University found that nanofiber masks can withstand repeated sterilization and reuse without losing their filtration efficiency. The study compared the effects of ethanol disinfection on melt-blown and nanofiber filters, with the latter showing no significant decline in performance after multiple uses.
Researchers synthesized Nb2O5 nanotubes on carbon cloth via a simple hydrothermal process, achieving high reversible capacity of 175 mAh/g and energy density of 195 Wh/kg. The material shows good conductivity, reduced volume expansion, and flexible operation conditions.
Researchers found that 45% of patients had low levels of pain effectively managed by a non-opioid regimen, with no reported side effects. Patients who required opioids were more likely to have anxiety/depression and higher pain scores, highlighting the potential for reduced opioid use in surgical settings.
Researchers found that intensive psychosocial intervention can lead to reduced symptoms and improved functioning without antipsychotic medication in young people with early stage first episode psychosis. A larger trial is needed to investigate whether antipsychotic-free treatment could be recommended for specific groups.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed an organic electrochemical transistor to study extracellular electron transfer in bacteria. They successfully detect and amplify the signal, allowing for detailed analysis of charge release by bacteria.
A team of geoscientists used seismic anisotropy to create high-resolution, 3D images of mantle flows in a subduction region. The images revealed fragmented tectonic plates and complex mantle flow patterns.
Researchers design a disposable, double-sided film that attaches to the underside of a smartwatch, detecting biomarker molecules in sweat to monitor body chemistry. The system can track glucose and lactate levels, providing real-time insights into metabolic health.
A new George Mason University study reveals women commuters exposed to higher levels of pollutants during rush hour trips, with no correlation between trip length and exposure levels. The research aims to inform strategies for reducing air pollution's health effects, particularly for vulnerable populations.
New Zealand centenarians exhibit low rates of chronic diseases such as diabetes, depression, and hypertension. Socially active participants showed similar patterns across age groups, while exercise improved health without significant effects on ageing.
Researchers at UConn's CEVR have made a breakthrough in vaccine development for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a common and difficult-to-treat pneumonia-causing pathogen. By identifying the cause of vaccine-enhanced disease (VED), they were able to develop a new vaccine formulation that eliminates safety concerns.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki developed a technique called 'brainsourcing' to analyse brain activity and determine preferences. The method uses artificial intelligence to classify images or recommend content based on brain activity, achieving reliable labelling results with only 12 volunteers.
Researchers at KAIST designed nanoparticles that significantly reduce cholesterol and macrophage foam cells in arteries, two key triggers of atherosclerotic plaque. The combination drug delivery therapy showed great potential for treating and preventing atherosclerosis with reduced side effects.
Researchers sequenced and compared the genomes of 100 different tomato varieties, identifying over 230,000 structural variants that underpin the vast diversity among tomatoes. These genomic variations affect flavor, yield, and other traits, providing breeders with new power to improve tomato properties.
Researchers have created nanosponges that can soak up SARS-CoV-2 by mimicking its natural entry points. The nanosponges successfully neutralized the virus and prevented it from infecting cells in a lab setting, offering a potential new treatment for COVID-19.
A recent study found that despite Oregon's strong laws protecting trans women from discrimination, they often struggle to navigate the healthcare system, leading to delayed or denied care. The study highlights the need for improved training and support for healthcare workers to address these challenges.
The University of Jyvaskyla's nuclear theory group, in collaboration with the EXO-200 experiment, has made significant progress in solving the long-standing reactor antineutrino anomaly. By measuring the electron spectral shape of beta decay, they have verified a theoretical hypothesis and supported the HKSS flux model.
Scientists have found that the first dinosaurs laid soft-shelled eggs, contradicting long-held assumptions. The study analyzed the eggs of two non-avian dinosaurs and found they resembled those of turtles in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties.
Scientists have created a detailed map of the GABAB receptor, revealing its structure and new details of how it moves from inactive to active state. This discovery could help better understand GABA receptors and design better drugs to treat conditions like addiction and psychosis.
Researchers assembled 26 soybean genomes, identifying 14 million SNPs, to build a graph-based genome. This pan-genome reveals key genetic variations driving agronomic traits in soybeans.
Scientists have identified long-concealed genetic mutations in tomatoes using a new technique called long-read sequencing. The analysis reveals that these mutations can alter key characteristics such as flavor and weight. By studying the impact of these mutations, researchers hope to create new tomato varieties with improved traits.
Researchers found molecular changes in pre-symptomatic tissue of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) patients, which may lead to new screening and treatment methods. The study suggests that disease-causing changes occur decades before noticeable symptoms appear.
Engineers have developed high-power direct borohydride fuel cells that can power unmanned underwater vehicles and drones with significantly lower cost. The new fuel cells operate at double the voltage of conventional hydrogen fuel cells, allowing for a smaller and more efficient design.
A team of researchers has discovered a species of gut bacteria that can affect cholesterol levels in humans. The discovery could lead to new therapeutics, such as probiotics or enzyme delivery to the gut, to help people manage their blood cholesterol levels.
A genome analysis of an adult male from Newgrange passage tomb suggests he was part of a ruling social elite practicing first-degree incest. This practice is rare in human societies, typically found among elites with deified royal families.
Researchers developed a high-throughput structure mapping method, Lead-Seq, to determine RNA structures in bacterial cells. The team successfully mapped the structures of thousands of RNAs simultaneously, including previously unknown 'RNA thermometers' that detect temperature changes.
Research reveals that a reward should neither be too small nor too large to optimize memory encoding. The brain needs rewards to motivate us, but also challenges, and the perfect balance allows for better memory consolidation.
Researchers have designed efficient indium oxide catalysts for converting CO2 into methanol with high activity and selectivity. Theoretical modeling identified a specific facet of the catalyst as most favorable for methanol synthesis, which was confirmed by experimental results.
A new study sequenced the genome of Gardenia jasminoides and discovered how it produces crocin, a compound with medicinal properties. The research highlights an evolutionary process called tandem gene duplication that enables plants to expand their genetic toolkit and create new capabilities.
An international team of researchers mapped proteins in 100 species, revealing common characteristics such as a focus on metabolism and maintaining protein balance. The study also doubled the number of experimentally confirmed proteins using advanced mass spectrometry technology.
Researchers from Florida State University have uncovered new information about how Alzheimer's disease affects the brain during sleep. The study found that the interaction between two brain regions may contribute to symptoms experienced by patients, such as impaired memory and cognition. This discovery could lead to a better understand...
The use of CAR-T immunotherapy against acute myeloid leukemia is being reevaluated due to concerns over its impact on healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Studies have shown that anti-CD123 CAR T-cells can inhibit normal hematopoiesis, leading to irreversible impairment in blood cell formation.
The XENON1T experiment has observed a surprising excess of 53 events over expected backgrounds, sparking theories on potential sources such as tritium, axions, or altered neutrino properties. The solar axion hypothesis holds the most significance at 3.5 sigma, while other explanations remain consistent with data.
The prone position is associated with improved oxygenation and decreased risk for intubation in patients with severe COVID-19 hypoxemic respiratory failure. This observational study investigated the effects of prone positioning on patients who are spontaneously breathing.
A new study examines Permo-Triassic mass extinction event's impact on tetrapod diversity, finding temperate latitudes held higher biodiversity before and after the extinction. The research suggests that regions now known for rich ecosystems were once too hot to support large animal communities.
A major study published in Nature Communications reveals that normothermic machine perfusion assessment can recover enough livers from discarded donors to allow successful transplantation. This breakthrough technique has significant implications for the liver transplant waiting list and demand for transplants far outstrips supply.
Researchers found subtle brain changes in female college rugby players, including microstructural changes in white matter and differences in brain connectivity. The study suggests that repetitive impacts from playing a contact sport can affect the brain, even without a diagnosed concussion.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering have engineered CAR T cells to recognize and eliminate senescent cells, which contribute to various debilitating diseases. The uPAR-directed approach has shown promise in mouse models of liver fibrosis and lung cancer, offering hope for new treatments.
Dr. Koch's work on G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) has led to breakthrough discoveries about heart function and their role in cardiac injury and heart failure. His ongoing research focuses on developing GRK inhibitors for potential gene therapy treatment.
The study uses IBEX's long record to examine how the Sun's mood swings play out at the edge of the heliosphere. The results show the shifting outer heliosphere in great detail, hinting at processes behind one of its most puzzling features.
Researchers studied how Toxoplasma parasites move rapidly through tissues using high-resolution imaging and force microscopy. They found that the parasites form specific attachments with collagen fibers, resulting in contractile forces that propel them forward.
Researchers discovered that quasar gamma-ray emission extends over thousands of light-years along plasma jets, contradicting previous assumptions. This finding reveals that particle acceleration occurs not only near the black hole but also along the entire jet length.
Researchers developed a microscope to monitor wound healing without harming the subject. They studied mice with untreated wounds, placebo treatments, and different concentrations of treatment drugs to understand how topical drugs affect the skin.
A study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry found a significant link between poor sleep and teenage depression. Teenagers who experienced depression reported both poor quality and quantity of sleep, while those with anxiety had poor quality sleep only.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed microlandscaped abrasive tools with structured surfaces made from cemented carbides, enabling precise grinding results. The tools are created using laser surface texturing and can be replicated in large numbers using electrochemical machining.
Researchers have developed a novel portable pyroelectric technology that converts waste heat into usable power, offering a clean alternative to fossil fuels and nuclear energy. The technology has an extended lifetime and uses on-chip combustion of methanol to harness energy.
Despite anecdotal evidence, scientists lack conclusive data on convalescent plasma's benefits for COVID-19 patients. The use of convalescent plasma has been explored in previous outbreaks, but well-designed clinical trials are now underway to test its efficacy.
An observational study found a significant association between common antibiotic use and an increased risk of cardiovascular death. The study compared azithromycin with amoxicillin and found that long-term use of azithromycin was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular death.
Research funded by the NIH has linked endometriosis to DNA changes, particularly in methylation patterns that can alter gene activity. The findings may inform new ways to diagnose and treat this condition affecting up to 10% of U.S. women.
Scientists at DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory develop a control scheme to optimize magnetic field levels, suppressing edge localized modes (ELMs) and maximizing fusion power. The technique uses real-time control to regulate plasma stability, aiming for stable ELM suppression and high fusion performance.
Researchers at MIT found that a combination of warmer ocean temperatures and changes in air pressure patterns contribute to the Mediterranean region's projected drought. The study could refine global climate models and provide greater certainty for water resource management and agriculture in the affected areas.
A recent study from Guangzhou found that people with COVID-19 can be highly infectious before symptoms appear, with a high risk of transmission among household contacts. The analysis suggests that targeted interventions such as active case finding, isolation, and quarantine could significantly reduce the spread of the virus.
University of Arkansas researchers have developed a diversity intelligence scale that measures leaders' knowledge, education, and behaviors related to protected class employees. The scale aims to improve diversity, inclusion, and equity within organizations, reduce labor lawsuits, and prevent equal employment opportunity complaints.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have discovered over 230,000 DNA differences across 100 tomato varieties, allowing for rapid identification and evaluation of genetic mutations. This breakthrough enables breeders to create new crops with desirable traits, such as increased size and flavor.