A global cooling event 4,200 years ago may have led to the evolution of new rice varieties and the spread of rice into northern and southern Asia. The study used genomics, archeology, and climate data to reconstruct the history of rice.
A global survey of 121 fracture liaison services from 31 countries found that adherence to basic DXA quality and reporting procedures was confirmed by less than 50% of services. The study emphasizes the need for targeted education for DXA machine operators and interpreters, particularly in adopting globally-endorsed standards.
Researchers have observed light emission from intervalley transitions in monolayer WSe2, which can be used to read out valley information and potentially lead to new types of devices. The transition involves an electron and a hole in opposite valleys recombining with the assistance of defects or lattice vibrations.
A study found that 82.7% of female university students had engaged in Drunkorexic behaviors, including skipping meals and exercising after drinking to reduce calorie intake from alcohol. Researchers identified two key social norms driving these behaviors: consuming alcohol and thinness.
Online romance scams have spread in Western societies, preying on women and middle-aged individuals with higher anxiety levels. Victims often experience double trauma from financial loss and emotional attachment, leading to shame upon discovery.
The Melody transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) has demonstrated favorable outcomes for long-term function, safety, and efficacy in congenital patients. At 10-year follow-up, the study found high freedom rates from all-cause mortality, surgical reintervention, and catheter intervention.
GlycoNet has secured a three-year investment of $16.3 million through the Canadian Glycomics Network to accelerate carbohydrate-based healthcare treatments, vaccines, and technologies. The network aims to improve the quality of life of Canadians by delivering solutions to important health issues.
A new method called RADICL-seq has been developed to assess the role of long non-coding RNAs in regulating gene activity and chromatin structure. The technique allows for comprehensive mapping of RNA-chromatin interactions, providing important insights into how RNAs contribute to genome regulation.
A new study estimates that approximately one in ten people in the US with symptoms caused by major vascular events, infections, or cancers will be misdiagnosed. The study found that these conditions are among the most frequently misdiagnosed, resulting in significant harm and disability.
Researchers developed soft robotic technology using reservoir computing, enabling flexible control of pneumatic artificial muscles. This innovation may lead to wearable rehabilitation devices, biomedical robots, and remote-sensing applications, all with improved safety and adaptability.
Boreal peatlands are losing more water than previously thought due to climate change. This increase in evapotranspiration will amplify the effects of global warming, releasing more CO2 into the atmosphere and intensifying fires.
Researchers discovered black hole-neutron star mergers in globular star clusters can be detected using computer simulations. The study offers critical insights into the fusion of massive stellar objects, with potential implications for gravitational wave detection.
A bitter melon extract intervention restored TRPM5-mediated aversion to high salt stimuli, reducing excessive salt intake and improving cardiovascular damage in mice. This approach may provide a promising strategy for reducing high salt-induced hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.
A Chapman University-led study suggests that voluntary collective isolation is the most effective response to COVID-19 for indigenous populations. The researchers collaborated with tribal leadership and government authorities to develop and implement a multi-phase prevention plan among the Tsimane people in Bolivia.
Researchers found that the brain filters out external sounds during REM sleep, prioritizing meaningful speech during light sleep. This mechanism enables the brain to protect the dreaming phase, necessary for emotional balance and learning consolidation.
A federal program that provides financial payments for monitoring and reducing cardiovascular risk in high-risk patients has led to intensified treatment. As part of the Million Hearts Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction Model, healthcare providers assessed patient risk and prescribed cholesterol-lowering and blood pressure-lowering ...
Researchers investigated ACEIs/ARBs in adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection and found no increased risk. The use of these drugs is recommended for patients with COVID-19 unless further data show otherwise.
Researchers improve forecasting of strong convective weather using analogy method, which estimates occurrence environment for similar weather phenomena based on historical model forecasts. The method performs well in predicting potential for strong convection in different regions of China.
Scientists in Australia and Germany have developed a hybrid structure combining traditional chip design with photonic architecture to overcome engineering barriers. This allows for efficient manipulation of light at the nanoscale, achieving data processing at 100 times smaller than the wavelength of light carrying the information.
Research suggests that ACA Medicaid Expansion has improved delivery of cardiovascular care to racial and ethnic minority groups, including increased medication adherence and follow-up appointments. However, disparities remain, highlighting the need for policy changes and further investigation into interventions to reduce barriers to care.
New Rutgers research confirms that modern sea-level rise is linked to human activities and not changes in Earth's orbit. Surprisingly, the Earth had nearly ice-free conditions with carbon dioxide levels similar to today.
Children perceive coercion as reducing exercise motivation, while parent-child interaction, acceptance of lack of motivation, and participation in activities increase enthusiasm. Parents can support exercise motivation by taking into account children's interests and providing flexible boundaries for screen time.
A University of Tartu study found a low prevalence of the coronavirus in Estonia, with just 12 cases identified among 6,024 adult residents. The researchers concluded that the infection is not widely spread in society and that the prevalence remains stable over time.
A new study in Frontiers in Immunology found that treatment with interferon (IFN)-α2b significantly reduced the duration of detectable virus in upper respiratory tract and blood levels of inflammatory proteins IL-6 and CRP, suggesting potential for an effective antiviral intervention
A UHN-led international research team found that interferon-α2b accelerates virus clearance in COVID-19 patients by 7 days. Treatment also reduced levels of inflammatory markers IL-6 and CRP, benefiting public health efforts to slow the pandemic.
Reconstructing the paleoecology of the Paleo-Agulhas Plain reveals a diverse, verdant environment with abundant game and plant species. The lost landscape, which existed around 11,500 years ago, supported megafauna such as giant Cape Buffalo and giraffes.
A recent study reveals that Cr(III) dominates in all sedimentary marine carbonates, contradicting previous theories on the oxidation of Earth's early atmosphere and ocean. The findings suggest that either microbial reduction or preferential uptake of Cr(III) by carbonate may be responsible for the absence of Cr(VI) in these rocks.
A German modeling study finds that three social distancing interventions led to a decline in COVID-19 cases, with the full effect only visible after a two-week delay. The study's results emphasize the need for policymakers to carefully consider when to lift restrictions to avoid worsening the situation.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen's Natural History Museum of Denmark have discovered a new species of parasitic fungus on American millipedes, found via a shared photo on Twitter. The newly discovered fungus, Troglomyces twitteri, is part of the Laboulbeniales order and has never been documented before.
A new predictor for brain cancer patients' life expectancy has been developed using a genome-wide pattern of DNA copy numbers. The pattern identifies patients who survive for a median of three years, three times longer than those without it.
A review of lung cancer treatments for patients with COVID-19 was published to assist oncologists in addressing the challenges presented by these patients. The guidelines balance risk of exposure and infection with effective care, taking into account existing comorbidities.
Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München have identified an earlier indicator of vaccine efficacy: specific white blood cells in the blood. The study shows that these cells can predict the quality of the immune response induced by vaccination, allowing for more rapid assessment of vaccine effectiveness.
A low-pressure area, System 90L, is developing in the Straits of Florida, with NASA's Aqua satellite measuring cloud top temperatures indicating stronger storms. The system has a high chance of development into a tropical or subtropical storm by Saturday.
A Brazilian startup has developed a novel COVID-19 patient monitoring system that utilizes Internet of Things (IoT) technology to track clinical signs in real-time. The system alerts medical teams to patients with deteriorating conditions, enabling timely hospital referrals and reducing the risk of contagion.
A computer simulation model developed by Kansas State University researchers reveals significant vulnerabilities in the beef supply chain and transportation industry. The study found that packing plants are particularly susceptible to disruptions, which can have far-reaching economic consequences.
A team of researchers at McMaster University developed a reliable and accurate blood test to track individual fat intake. The test detects specific non-esterified fatty acids, allowing for an objective assessment of dietary fats and potentially informing public health policy.
Researchers found that shrub encroachment on slopes can increase focused groundwater recharge, even under conditions of reduced rainfall due to climate change. This process counterbalances the expected decrease in annual rainfall amounts.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization analyzed COVID-19 case numbers in Germany, examining the effectiveness of interventions. They found that measures slowed down the spread of the virus but did not completely halt it, and their model calculations show how different scenarios play out.
Research presents evidence that home health care after a heart attack can lower hospital readmission rates, with patients receiving care being older and more likely to have underlying health conditions. The study found that home health care was associated with an 11% lower risk of hospital readmission within 30 days.
Researchers successfully entangled a massive gas of 15 trillion atoms at 450 Kelvin, defying expectations and enabling ultra-sensitive magnetic field detection. The discovery has potential applications in brain science, neurosurgery, and other fields.
Columbia engineers apply machine learning techniques to create a method that combines big data and machine learning to selectively design gas-filtering polymer membranes. The study successfully identifies promising materials that surpass current membrane performance limits, paving the way for commercial use.
Researchers used popular proverbs to study climate change impacts on precipitation, snow cover, and flowering periods in Sierra Nevada. Many proverbs were found to be inaccurate due to changes in climate conditions, but they also provided novel information on scientifically undocumented climate change impacts.
Researchers found that flooding and invasive species alter mercury pathways through food webs, affecting top predators like fish and birds. Algae and blackfly larvae are key sources of mercury, which can be transported to land by flying adults.
Researchers from the University of Exeter's Living Systems Institute use light to monitor individual molecule structure and properties in real-time. The team temporarily bridges molecules together, allowing for crucial insight into their dynamics.
A team of anthropologists, physicians, and tribal leaders developed a strategy to manage COVID-19 among the Tsimane indigenous population in Bolivia. The plan aims to provide a general template for other indigenous groups, promoting collaboration and minimizing harm due to the pandemic.
Researchers at City of Hope have identified a novel microRNA biomarker that can detect lymph node metastases in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which makes up about 80% of all pancreatic cancer cases. The test has an accuracy level of 78% and could lead to more personalized treatment strategies for patients.
A study of 3,802 people tested for SARS-CoV-2 found that older age, male sex, deprivation, and ethnic minority status were linked to a positive test result. Chronic kidney disease and obesity also showed significant associations with a positive test.
Researchers tracked pine martens in Wales, finding they settled more rapidly when released near neighbors. This behavior allows for efficient territory creation, influencing their mobile range of approximately 9.5 km2. The presence of pine martens also affects grey squirrels' behavior, forcing them to alter their ranging patterns.
Serological assays detect SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in recovered individuals' blood, informing prevalence and immunity questions. Studies must better address the limitations of these tools to inform accurate decisions about deploying the workforce.
Researchers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory discovered a way to separate electron spin and orbital states in a manganese oxide-based quantum material. This breakthrough could lead to the development of orbitronic devices that operate significantly faster than current spintronic devices.
Research shows low-income adults are less likely to receive preventive heart disease care, including cholesterol and blood pressure screenings. Socioeconomic disparities worsen during crises like COVID-19, highlighting the need for city-level interventions and public health policies to address these gaps.
This study compares COVID-19 cases in Iowa's border counties, which didn't issue a stay-at-home order, to Illinois' border counties that did. The analysis found higher estimated rates of COVID-19 in Illinois' border counties, suggesting the stay-at-home order had a significant impact on case numbers.
Researchers found critically ill COVID-19 patients with severe blood clotting who were at high risk of developing complications like renal failure, venous blood clots, and stroke. The study linked blood clotting measurements with patient outcomes, suggesting early testing may help identify and treat dangerous complications.
Radiologists at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School implemented strict disinfection measures, including air disinfector use and ultraviolet light, in CT examination rooms to reduce COVID-19 transmission risk. Radiographers followed personal protective equipment protocols, with separate zones for clean and contaminated areas.
The COVID-19 Trial Finder system generates user-specific questionnaires to filter out applicable trials, reducing a large set of potential trials to a handful within 5-6 survey questions.
A new study finds that West Coast marine species' ability to breathe in ocean water is crucial for their survival and population cycles. The anchovy's oxygen needs match the water breathability index, which changes over time and corresponds with population cycles.
UC Riverside scientists have solved a 20-year-old genetics puzzle, differentiating three particles of Brome Mosaic virus. The discovery could lead to ways to protect wheat, barley, and other crops from the virus.
A new study reveals that minority students and charter schools experience higher concentrations of PM 2.5 levels even on clean air days, highlighting the need for policies to protect school-aged children from environmental harm. The research used a community-university partnership to analyze data from 174 public schools in Salt Lake Co...
A KAUST study investigates the insect's physical features and movement to evade sea dangers, revealing a highly water-repellant waxy coating and specialized body hairs. The team also discovers the insects' extraordinary acceleration, using it as inspiration for new liquid repellent technologies and materials design.
Researchers found a significant association between coronary artery calcium and changes in the left ventricular mass index and aortic root diameter. This suggests that higher calcium scores may be linked to potential adverse effects on heart function, emphasizing the need for a healthy lifestyle to prevent calcification of arteries.
Researchers found a phenomenon called 'epigenetic resetting' in plant sperm that erases histone modifications, allowing seeds to forget their environment. This mechanism is similar to data erasure on hard drives and is essential for plants to adapt to changing conditions.
A team of physicists at the University of Arizona discovered a thin layer of iron oxide that explains a long-standing puzzle in magnetic tunnel junctions, which could lead to faster and more efficient spintronics. The finding opens up new possibilities for developing this technology, potentially revolutionizing computing.
Typhoon Vongfong made landfall in the Philippines on May 14, 2020, as a typhoon. The storm weakened into a tropical storm by May 15, with maximum sustained winds of 60 knots (69 mph/111 kph).
Researchers found that virtual care did not negatively impact glycemic outcomes for diabetes patients, improving hospital exposure and transmission risk. The study's results have broader implications for telehealth implementation in remote locations.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports analyzed thousands of vertical measurements over airports and characterized CO2 variations over 34 major cities worldwide. The CONTRAIL program's aircraft data showed clear CO2 enhancements when wind comes from urban areas, indicating a relationship between CO2 variability and city emissions.
The Harmony TPV Pivotal Trial demonstrated favorable outcomes for the use of TPV device in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation. The trial showed high procedural success, safety, and favorable device performance, with 100% freedom from procedure-related mortality at 30 days.
A new bone-graft biomaterial supercooled before application could eliminate pain and improve smile outcomes for dental patients. The material, combining octacalcium phosphate with collagen, has shown superior bone regenerative properties compared to earlier substitutes.
A study reveals that cyanobacteria and tardigrades are widely distributed in freshwater lakes in Antarctica, with specific eukaryotic algae dominating certain sites. This research contributes to understanding adaptation mechanisms of microorganisms to extreme physical stresses in Antarctica.
Scientists analyzed 13,000-year-old beetle fossils using X-ray scattering techniques and found that the expected photonic nanostructures were perfectly preserved. The blue and green structural colors studied had not changed over time, with modern beetles of the same genus showing very similar colors.
Scientists at the University of South Carolina have developed a new method using machine learning and synthetic chemistry to design and make gas-filtering membranes more quickly. The discovery could revolutionize materials design, reducing trial-and-error work and enabling faster development of effective membranes.
A team of scientists found that moisture triggers degradation of Edvard Munch's masterpiece The Scream, which can be preserved by minimizing exposure to high humidity levels and keeping lighting at standard values. This study provides new knowledge for the conservation strategy of the Munch Museum.