Weidong Zhou, a UT Arlington electrical engineering professor, has been named a fellow of the Optical Society (OSA) for his significant contributions to photonic crystal membrane lasers and hybrid nanomembrane optoelectronics. His research involves developing on-chip systems for healthcare applications and efficient, scalable lasers fo...
A study by the University of Basel found that online platforms have a positive impact on volunteer mobilization, willingness, and satisfaction. Volunteers who were more afraid of catching the virus experienced higher satisfaction through boosts in self-confidence. The findings suggest that online platforms can channel oversupply and re...
Researchers found that specific chemotherapy agents increase the likelihood of developing therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. CH mutations are more frequent in genes protecting the genome from damage, such as TP53.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations for non-COVID-19 related conditions increased significantly in a New York health system. The study found that nearly half of all hospitalizations were due to these chronic and acute conditions.
A study led by George Hajishengallis found that targeting the DEL-1 molecule could be an effective way to treat inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. The researchers discovered that DEL-1 promotes the generation and immunosuppressive activity of regulatory T cells, which are crucial in maintaining health.
Organic solar cell efficiencies are limited by electron affinity and ionization energy offsets. Researchers discovered that Förster resonance energy transfer competes with electron transfer, hindering charge separation. The team plans to design new materials with enhanced charge generation and reduced energy losses.
Researchers at Ohio State and the University of Michigan discovered a new type of immune cell that rescues damaged nerve cells from death and partially reverses nerve fiber damage. The unique cell subset promotes nervous system repair and has been identified in human immune cells with similar characteristics.
A study by George Washington University researchers analyzed Google Trends data to assess public perception of COVID-19 exposure and disease prevalence. The team found that specific queries related to testing and diagnosis were associated with higher SVI values in states with the highest COVID-19 cases.
A new study by NYU College of Dentistry found that half of US dentists experienced verbal or reputational aggression in the past year, while nearly a quarter endured physical aggression. The rates of patient aggression toward dentists are high and comparable with those reported in other health care settings.
The NRG-RTOG 0712 trial demonstrated high efficacy rates for both gemcitabine and daily radiation regimens, with 79% and 85% distant metastasis-free rates at 3 years, respectively. The findings confirm the acceptance of these treatments as alternatives to cystectomy.
ACP leaders compared the healthcare proposals of President Trump and former Vice-President Joe Biden to their comprehensive framework for improving healthcare in the US. The proposals were evaluated on eight key challenges, including universal coverage, pre-existing conditions, and prescription drug pricing.
New study uses phylogenetic information to estimate timing of Himalayan uplift and origin of biodiversity. The Stepwise Hypothesis is supported by in situ diversification and dispersal rates, while the Late Orogeny Hypothesis is rejected due to inconsistencies with origination and peak diversification times.
Researchers found previously unknown lead compounds in ancient Egyptian red and black inks, suggesting they were used as a drying agent. The discovery challenges previous understanding of ancient lead-based pigments and may indicate widespread use of similar techniques earlier than thought.
The Partnership to Advance Throughput Computing (PATh) aims to advance distributed high-throughput computing technologies and extend adoption among researchers and educators. Researchers from top institutions will collaborate on the project, focusing on automation and leveraging massive networks of computers.
As the US faces rising COVID-19 cases, essential hospitals call on communities to follow basic health measures like washing hands, wearing masks, and maintaining distance. The nation's most vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by COVID-19.
The study provides new insights into the asteroid's composition, suggesting it may be a dense, metallic object made of iron and nickel. The findings also indicate that oxidation is occurring on the surface, which could be a result of solar wind interaction.
A new DNA test developed by Flinders University can accurately determine the legal status of seized ivory samples, even in highly degraded state. The technique has shown 100% identification accuracy and correct assignment in the legal status of 227 highly degraded ivories.
A study estimates that long-term exposure to air pollution increases COVID-19 deaths by 15% globally, with higher proportions found in Europe and East Asia. Air pollution exacerbates health outcomes by aggravating co-morbidities and causing inflammation, leading to increased vulnerability to COVID-19.
The study found that MFS was strongly correlated with OS (τ = 0.86), while BF and DM were only moderately and weakly correlated with OS, respectively. The analysis suggests that researchers should be cautious when inferring clinical benefit from studies using biochemical failure as a surrogate for overall survival.
Researchers will present on anti-amyloid treatments and new late-stage clinical trials for Alzheimer's. NIA is funding over 230 active clinical trials to support the development of new treatments.
Researchers found that reduced insect density influences plant composition and development, with dominant plant species becoming more prevalent. This can lead to mismatches between plant and animal species, causing adverse consequences for the ecosystem.
The NanDeSyn Database collects and integrates functional genomics data for industrial microalgae, including genome sequences, gene annotations, and transcriptomes. This will facilitate research cooperation among the global Nannochloropsis community to develop the microalgae as a chassis for photosynthetic production of oils.
The study identifies four distinct states of cellular senescence, each characterized by changes in metabolic and epigenomic processes. These states are linked to different levels of inflammation and metabolism, offering new insights into the aging process and potential ways to promote healthy longevity.
New study shows ocean acidification influences carbon content of sinking particles, affecting biological pump. The results, published in Nature Climate Change, indicate highly variable responses to CO2, with bacterial and animal plankton playing a key role.
A study in rural Borneo found that healthcare exchange programs reduced deforestation by 70%, preserving forest carbon stores. Clinic access was high but highest in districts with logging agreements, highlighting community engagement as key to success.
A University of Central Florida researcher has created a new technique to keep lithium-ion batteries from degrading over time. The method involves applying a thin film-like coating of copper and tin to the anode, significantly reducing degradation by more than 1,000 percent.
Researchers found that PTSD and a variant in the klotho gene interact to cause premature aging in brain tissue, accelerating epigenetic aging. This interaction may lead to increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that hydrogen sulfide is essential for maintaining normal breathing patterns in mammals. The production of hydrogen sulfide allows brain regions responsible for controlling breathing to function normally.
Researchers measured the spectrum of a rare hot Neptune exoplanet, revealing evidence of molecular absorption in its atmosphere. This detection provides clues on the origin of the planet and how it managed to hold onto its atmosphere.
Researchers at Oregon State University found that a type of gut bacteria associated with inflammation and cancer can help prevent cardiovascular disease by metabolizing trimethylamine, a compound linked to fatty plaque buildup in arteries. A diet rich in animal-based foods is often considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
A phase II trial found no statistically significant overall survival differences between dose-intensification radiation therapy (IMRT) and standard-dose radiation therapy with temozolomide treatments. However, MGMT methylation and RPA were predictive of progression-free survival.
This study highlights the importance of evenness in assessing sustainable development goals, revealing a bottleneck in China since 2013 due to stagnant progress in some SDGs. Regional integration and cooperation are proposed as effective strategies for holistically achieving SDGs across regions.
Researchers reconstructed evolutionary events based on genetic changes, finding complex cellular machinery evolved before mitochondrial symbiosis. The study suggests cell complexity increased before acquiring mitochondria, challenging current understanding of eukaryogenesis.
A new study by Stanford researchers finds that deforestation in an Indonesian national park declined 70% after an affordable health clinic opened, preserving carbon sinks and reversing poverty. The clinic's success demonstrates a holistic approach to addressing human health and environmental conservation.
Researchers found that bats lack AIM-2 receptors, which could reduce inflammation and allow viral reservoirs. In vitro experiments showed partial restoration of inflammasome signaling when human AIM-2 genes were introduced into bat cells.
A new method using noncombustible carbon textile grid and cement mortar doubles load-bearing capacities of structurally deficient concrete structures, increasing their usable lifespan threefold. Construction costs are reduced by 40% compared to existing methods.
A new analysis reveals that improving healthcare in rural Indonesia reduced incentives for illegal logging, resulting in a 70% decline in deforestation and over $65 million worth of avoided carbon emissions. The innovative clinic model provides a blueprint for preserving biodiversity while reducing poverty and illness.
Researchers developed a more precise screening index to identify areas with high levels of chronic lead exposure in children. The method uses established risk factors, including poverty and housing built before 1950, and can be applied to any area in the US.
A study published in Psychological Science reveals that enjoying a fearful experience, like a haunted house, requires finding the perfect balance of fear and enjoyment. The researchers found an inverted U-shape trend showing that too little or too much fear can decrease enjoyment, while just-right fear levels maximize it.
Emery N. Brown, a neuroscientist and practicing anesthesiologist, has won the SfN's Swartz Prize for his contributions to neural signal processing, anesthetic mechanisms, and statistical methods. His research advances neuroscientific understanding of how anesthetics affect the brain, improving patient care.
Dr. Zoellner received the Frozen Food Foundation Freezing Research Award for her work on agent-based computer models to control foodborne pathogens in frozen food facilities. Her research helps assure the microbial safety of frozen foods through the identification and tracing of Listeria monocytogenes.
A study published in Nature Metabolism found that high fat and low carbohydrate diets can completely prevent or even reverse heart failure caused by a metabolic process. The research team discovered that providing a high-fat, low carbohydrate diet can improve cardiac fat metabolism and prevent or reverse cardiac dysfunction.
Researchers have discovered a new understanding of how fruit flies perceive color by examining the spectrum of light they can see. The study found that the green photoreceptor's light sensitivity shifted significantly, with its original range now better suited for seeing orange rather than green.
Researchers have conducted the first operando stability study of high-purity BiVO4 photoanodes during photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Using in-situ plasma mass spectrometry, they determined a useful parameter called the stability number (S), which can be used to compare and assess the stability of photoelectrodes.
A randomized phase III trial found that stereotactic radiosurgery reduces cognitive decline without compromising survival for patients with four or more brain metastases. Patients who received SRS had better preserved cognitive function compared to those who received whole-brain radiation therapy.
Researchers are using a new technology to monitor the movement of thawing Arctic permafrost. A 1.5-kilometer fiber-optic cable will be turned into a long line of vibration sensors to collect seismic data and predict future behavior of the thawing permafrost.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing difficulties with grieving in the US. Healthcare professionals, who are particularly vulnerable to burnout, report increased levels of grief and despair, leading to concerns about their well-being.
Researchers at Rice University and UNAM have discovered four new wasp species, including Allorhogas gallifolia, which may interact with other species on galls in complex ways. The discovery adds to the lab's 'ghoulish insect menagerie' and expands understanding of ecosystem interactions.
Research by Murdoch Children's Research Institute reveals significant personal and financial costs of ADHD in Australia, including $12.75 billion in annual social and economic losses. Early identification and treatment may help improve outcomes for children with ADHD.
A recent study conducted at Columbia University Irving Medical Center suggests that multidisciplinary cardio-obstetrics teams can improve pregnancy outcomes and reduce hospital readmission rates among pregnant women with cardiovascular disease. The study found low rates of maternal and fetal complications, as well as a lower rate of ho...
A research team at RIT won a Catalyst Award for their project using a smart toilet seat to provide in-home monitoring of critical health data. The system detects heart rates, blood flow, and oxygenation, providing near real-time information to physicians.
A new study suggests that smartphone acceleration sensors can provide a low-cost measure of road roughness, allowing engineers to prioritize maintenance and reduce costs. This approach could also be used to assess the condition of rural roads in developing countries.
Researchers at Rice University have designed new nanocars with permanent dipole moments to increase their speed and drivability on a gold surface. The cars, weighing 114 atoms, will be driven via the internet by teams worldwide, competing in the 2022 international Nanocar Race.
A randomized phase III trial found that image-guided intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) improves long-term toxicity-free survival and reduces gastrointestinal side effects in women with cervical cancer. The study showed a significant reduction in moderate-to-severe gastrointestinal side effects compared to 3D-CRT, with improv...
A study from the University of Michigan challenges the notion that plastic packaging is the primary environmental concern, instead revealing that product content often has a greater impact. The research emphasizes the importance of reducing overall consumption and waste management.
Researchers found that feeding animals is the strongest influence on animal activity in yards, with species like squirrels and raccoons being most common. The study confirms the urban-wildlife paradox, showing that suburban areas can have an abundance of wildlife compared to wild areas.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine found that most rhinoviruses require human protein STING to infect cells and cause disease. The discovery opens a new avenue for controlling infection and could lead to targeted therapies for treating common colds and acute wheezing episodes.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a unique 2D material that enables the valleytronics phenomenon, touted as a possible platform for information processing and storage. The material has been found to be scalable and less susceptible to environmental degradation.
A new study creates a detailed portrait of the immune response in pancreatic cancer, highlighting individual differences and pointing to the need for tailored treatments. The research identifies a potential biomarker, TIGIT, that may be targeted by future therapies.
A new Penn study found administering radiation therapy to multiple myeloma patients waiting for CAR T cells to be manufactured was safe and did not interfere with cellular therapy. Patients who received radiation 34 days or fewer before infusion had similar rates of severe side effects as those who did not receive radiation.