Feng Jiao, a renowned chemical engineering expert, is leading research on transforming carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals using catalysis. His projects aim to produce formic acid and ethylene from CO2 without purification, with the goal of commercializing this technology.
Engineers at UC Davis are developing interventions to stabilize blood flow and pressure within days of injury to improve functional recovery. They will use personalized 3D printed scaffolds and neural stem cells to regenerate lost connections in the spinal cord.
Researchers used satellite imaging to map groundwater use in California's San Joaquin Valley, finding that field crops and pasture crops have higher rates of subsidence than fruit and nut crops. This study provides new insights for irrigation policymaking and sustainable groundwater management in agricultural regions worldwide.
A new study published by the University of East Anglia found that fear of enforcement and public health concerns drive behavior, outperforming financial incentives in reducing harmful peat fires. The research suggests that a combination of interventions is key to achieving fire-free outcomes in high-risk areas.
Cornell engineers developed a modular process for designing elastomers with metals like iron and calcium, creating a wide range of mechanical properties. The framework allows for the creation of biodegradable and elastic materials for soft tissue reconstruction and regeneration.
A new genetic test identifies patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) at high risk of recurring and progressing. The 70-gene signature test showed that ILC patients whose genetic make-up puts them at high risk may benefit from additional adjuvant therapy.
Researchers at the University of South Australia found that increasing meal sizes can improve nutrition intake among aged care residents. The study showed a correlation between portion size and food consumption, with each kilojoule increase in served energy resulting in a 0.73 kilojoule increase in consumed energy.
Scientists have found a correlation between brain activity and attitudes towards humanoid robots, with distinct neural patterns predicting people's bias in attributing intentionality. This study contributes to understanding engagement with robots and can inform the future acceptance of robots in healthcare applications.
Marine biologists warn of Humboldt squid's vulnerability to overfishing by fleets on its migration path, as its genetic stocks are found to be homogeneously co-distributed across the northern and southern hemispheres. The study emphasizes the need for an international marine policy to ensure sustainable fishing practices.
A new study from the University of Bath found that drinking coffee after breakfast, but not before, can improve blood glucose control and reduce the risk of conditions like diabetes and heart disease. Researchers discovered that strong black coffee consumed before breakfast substantially increased blood glucose response by around 50%.
A new study by Michigan State University found that teens with fewer friends are more likely to experience depression as adults. However, for women, being popular in adolescence can lead to lower depressive symptoms in adulthood. The study suggests that gender roles and expectations may contribute to this difference.
Researchers will test an unobtrusive multi-sensor system to detect and report cognitive changes in drivers aged 65 and older. The project aims to develop a low-cost, widely available early warning system for cognitive decline in older drivers.
A new study of 388 pregnancies in 22 countries found that COVID-19 infection during early pregnancy significantly increases risk of adverse fetal outcomes. Only one baby tested positive for the disease and was asymptomatic, suggesting rare transmission from mother to child.
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive brain cancer with low five-year survival rate due to rapid development of radioresistance. Researchers from Hokkaido University and Stanford University identified Rab27b and epiregulin as key molecules contributing to radioresistance.
A Canadian study found BC's long-term care system was better equipped to handle the pandemic, with lower death rates than Ontario. Stronger hospital-LTC links and more efficient funding models contributed to BC's success.
Researchers identified a previously unknown strain of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus bacteria as the primary cause of post-infectious hydrocephalus in Ugandan infants. The bacteria is linked to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which causes neurological damage and can lead to severe cognitive and physical disabilities.
A new research project aims to develop a camera-based separation system that can categorize plastic waste according to its specific properties. The technology will increase the quality of recycled plastics and improve traceability, aiming for a purity of at least 96% by polymer type.
Researchers developed AwareDX, a machine learning algorithm that groups data into sex-balanced subsets to identify potential sex-specific drug effects. The algorithm has successfully predicted effects for several drugs, including simvastatin and risperidone, based on genetic differences between men and women.
Researchers modelled the changing ecologies of fossil reptiles in Mesozoic oceans, discovering six ecological categories that linked movement, habitat, and feeding styles. The study shows that these marine reptiles avoided competition with each other, with some groups conserving their ecological roles over time.
A single-center study of 77 patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed significant delays in receiving transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The study highlights the impact of the pandemic on cardiovascular care and the need for strategies to mitigate these effects.
A new study suggests hackers are motivated by a company's attempts to fake social responsibility, targeting firms that engage in 'greenwashing' efforts. Companies with peripheral CSR actions are more likely to face data breaches and hacker attacks.
Insilico Medicine will showcase its latest AI advancements in drug discovery and productive longevity at the Leveraging Intelligent Tech for Drug Development Forum. The company's work on AI-generated molecular structures, synthetic biological data, and clinical trial prediction has garnered significant attention and funding.
A new study reveals that rapid ocean warming and acidification will exacerbate negative effects on planktonic communities, including reduced productivity and calcification. Researchers found that calcifying phytoplankton, such as coccolithophores, are particularly vulnerable to these changes.
Researchers aim to quantify tyre particle concentrations in rivers and oceans, exploring their impact on sea life. The TYRE-LOSS project uses advanced techniques to model dispersal and estimate risks to marine life at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Researchers in Uganda have identified a new species of bacteria that may contribute to postinfectious hydrocephalus, a common cause of neurosurgery in children worldwide. The study found Paenibacillus frequently co-occurred with cytomegalovirus infections in affected infants.
A study published in Neurology suggests that outpatients who receive professional rehabilitation training at home through live video consultations may recover their motor skills better than those who do their rehab in person. The study found greater increases in physical mobility and functional brain activity among the remote training ...
Researchers found that street ETRs are more informative and effective in predicting future tax outcomes than GAAP-based ETRs. Street ETRs, which adjust for unusual or infrequent items, improved the decision-making process for investors.
A study published in The Lancet Public Health found that modifiable health risks, such as obesity and high blood pressure, account for 27% of US personal health care expenses. These costs are largely driven by five risk factors: overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, poor diet, and smoking.
A new project led by West Virginia University researcher Kevin Bandura aims to understand the nature of dark energy by mapping out the distribution of matter throughout the universe. The three-year project will use precise observations to study the expansion of the universe, which is currently accelerating due to dark energy.
An international team detected DNA from ambrosia beetles trapped in recent tree resin for less than seven years. The study challenges previous fails in finding DNA in older samples and opens up new possibilities for genetic research.
Research from Binghamton University found that the human perceptual system rapidly adjusts to changes in visual experience, including playing video games. The study shows that people can adapt quickly to changes in their environment, with some arguing that this adaptation is helpful in a digital world.
A large contact tracing study in Science found that children are active transmitters of COVID-19 and superspreading is common. The study also revealed higher mortality rates in the 40-69 age group, particularly in India compared to other countries.
A new study by Silent Spring Institute found that consumers who avoid products containing endocrine disruptors, such as parabens and BPA, have significantly lower levels of these chemicals in their bodies. The study showed that reading ingredient labels and avoiding certain products can reduce exposures to these harmful chemicals.
A recent study has found that pteropods, or 'wing-footed' sea snails and slugs, are much older than previously thought and survived past environmental changes in the ocean. The research suggests that these creatures may be more adaptable to ocean acidification than expected.
European wildcats are at risk of genetic replacement by domestic cats due to hybridization, which can lead to the loss of distinct gene pools and ultimately extinction. A new study predicts that this process could occur within 200-300 years, even with conservation efforts.
The Virtual Heidelberg Laureate Forum successfully replicated in-person exchanges with interactive tools, discussing health, communication, and the pandemic. The event also marked a change in leadership with Prof. Dr. Anna Wienhard succeeding Prof. Dr. Andreas Reuter as Scientific Chairperson.
Researchers found that changing gene expression first can improve the effectiveness of immunotherapies in battling aggressive pancreatic cancer. The study suggests a promising approach by administering an epigenetically-acting drug before immune checkpoint inhibition, doubling average survival time in preclinical models.
A population study of over 189,000 Swedish individuals found that those with ADHD who experienced financial distress were three to four times more likely to commit suicide. The study also showed that ADHD treatments did not alleviate financial struggles in adults with the disorder.
A global decrease in emissions led to a sudden increase in data collection opportunities for atmospheric researchers, allowing them to study pollution in real-time. This data could help address climate change and air quality problems by informing policymakers on the impact of climate-friendly legislation.
A $100M program will utilize a large consortium of wildlife and human disease experts to reduce the risk of zoonotic viral spillover and spread. The program aims to enhance capacity in Africa and Asia to identify and respond to spillover events.
Cases and deaths among younger cohorts are more prevalent in India than in high-income countries. The study found that cases and deaths were concentrated in children ages 0-14 years, adults older than 65 years, and had higher comorbidity rates than US cases.
A research team from Chinese Academy of Sciences proposes an innovative immune cocktail therapy combining ICT with other approaches to enhance cancer treatment. The therapy achieves anti-tumor effects by enhancing T cell priming, killing tumor cells, and generating immune memory T cells.
Researchers used picosecond time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study electron transfer between gold and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. They found two electrons transferred from gold to titanium dioxide, with only one in 1,000 photons generating an electron-hole pair.
A new study has identified mutations in single genes that can cause cerebral palsy, challenging the long-held notion that the disorder is caused by environmental factors. The research found that many of these mutations occur randomly and are not inherited from parents, but rather arise during development.
A new AI algorithm developed by researchers at the University of Central Florida can accurately diagnose COVID-19 pneumonia in lung CT scans with up to 90% accuracy. The algorithm also distinguishes COVID-19 cases from influenza and other diseases, overcoming current testing challenges.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge used 3D printing to create sensors beyond conventional film-based devices, outperforming commercial sensors in monitoring rapid breathing. The fibre sensors can detect breath moisture leaked through face coverings, providing potential indicators for viral transmission protection.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a novel methodology for early detection of flutter in turbine blades. Before the onset of catastrophic 'flutter,' one blade acts as a central hub, triggering synchronization among adjacent blades. This study contributes to safer and more eco-friendly turbine designs.
A new study will explore the effectiveness of adalimumab as a treatment for patients with COVID-19 in community care settings, particularly in care homes. The trial aims to determine whether anti-TNF drugs can reduce disease progression and mortality in patients with severe symptoms.
A new study suggests that interacting with online content may change how we consume it, as people tend to focus on self-expression over engagement. When participants could vote on articles agreeing with their views, their attitudes became stronger and time spent reading decreased.
The American Physical Society has selected five researchers affiliated with Jefferson Lab as its 2020 Fellows. The winners include two staff scientists and three others who have conducted or collaborated on research at the lab. Their work has furthered our understanding of the subatomic world.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded grants to support researchers' efforts in using tiny, bioengineered models of human tissues and organ systems to study diseases and test drugs. The goal is to develop ways to predict which patients are most likely to benefit from an investigational therapy prior to initiating clinical trials.
A large population study found a strong link between ADHD and financial distress, which contributes to a higher risk of suicide. Adults with ADHD were more likely to experience bank overdrafts, unpaid debts, and default risk, especially as they aged.
A large study by Karolinska Institutet found that HPV vaccination significantly reduces the risk of cervical cancer. Women vaccinated at a young age show a 88% reduced risk, while those vaccinated between ages 17 and 30 experience a halved risk.
A study published in The BMJ found that women with irregular or long menstrual cycles are at a greater risk of premature death. The researchers suggest considering the menstrual cycle as a vital sign of general health for women throughout their reproductive lifespan.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Rice University are working on a novel technology that uses thermofluidic systems to manipulate gene expression in cells within 3D artificial organs. This could lead to the creation of functional artificial liver tissues that can be used for studying disease and developing new treatments.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured visible images of Typhoon Kujira transitioning into an extra-tropical storm, highlighting the effects of strong wind shear. The storm's center of circulation was surrounded by wispy clouds, while powerful southwesterly vertical wind shear pushed clouds and showers northeast of the center.
Creating work bubbles with strict separation can reduce company-wide COVID-19 outbreaks and allow essential businesses to function. Scheduling rotating workdays, daily symptom screening, and rapid isolation are key strategies for containing outbreaks.
A new study in mice identifies a critical gene for short-term memory that functions in the thalamus, not traditionally associated with memory. Disabling this gene enhances working memory in low-performing mice.
A new study suggests that limited iron levels in corals could impair their ability to respond to climate change. High water temperatures and low iron availability compromise the algae living within coral cells, leading to reduced growth and function.
A clinical trial found that a daily regimen of hydroxychloroquine did not reduce infection rates among healthcare workers. The study suggests that other prevention measures such as social distancing and vaccination may be more effective in preventing COVID-19.