A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that individuals who preferred social distancing were less likely to contract COVID-19. The study used virtual behavior scenarios to assess participants' adherence to social distancing recommendations.
The study investigates the role of cell cycle progression on analyzing telomerase activity in cancer cells based on an AIEgen-based fluorescence detecting system. The results show that cancer cells exhibit increased fluorescence intensity during different stages of the cell cycle, while normal cells do not.
Researchers from University of Jyväskylä studied nuclear charge radii of exotic potassium isotopes using collinear resonance ionization spectroscopy. The results showed that the potassium isotope with a neutron number of 32 does not conform to magic neutron number criteria, challenging current understanding of nuclear forces.
A recent study found that a diverse population of fungi, including Hyalorbilia, are likely killing cyst nematodes, leading to a natural decline in pesticide use. This decrease in pesticide application has resulted in increased broccoli yields and reduced environmental impact.
A study by Kumamoto University researchers found that the molecule Folliculin (FLCN) acts as a gatekeeper to maintain separation between blood and lymphatic vessels. The discovery sheds light on how these two vessel types form independent networks, with potential implications for cancer metastasis and treatment of lymphedema.
Pharmacologist Namandje Bumpus outlines a four-part plan to improve the equity of drug development, emphasizing the need for increased diversity in clinical trials. The plan includes implementing diversity requirements for funding agencies and research institutions, as well as genetic engineering of animal models to reflect ethnic vari...
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that treating mesenchymal stem cells with TGF-β2 reduces the immune response in recipients. This could lead to simplified treatment options for ligament and tendon injuries in horses, as well as potential human therapies.
A new research project aims to improve air filtering in ambulances by mapping airflow patterns and installing effective filtration units. The project will provide flow maps from the ambulance interior under different driving conditions, enabling the optimised installation of filtration systems.
Researchers at Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University have developed a method to extract high-carotenoid biomass from microalgae, suitable for the food industry. The obtained biomass can be used as a dietary supplement to prevent vitamin A deficiency and reduce the risk of oncological diseases.
Researchers found higher levels of glucocorticoid stress hormones in animals from smaller forest patches, indicating chronic stress. The study highlights the impact of habitat destruction on wildlife, particularly in fragmented landscapes.
The study reveals that both parents contribute to the body orientation of their offspring, with maternal input setting the back-belly axis and paternal input setting the head-tail axis. The findings provide new insights into developmental biology and may offer clues as to why developmental processes sometimes go wrong.
Researchers developed a noninvasive diagnostic imaging tool to measure the levels of bile salt hydrolase in the gastrointestinal tract, predicting clinical status and efficacy of probiotic supplements. The tool also evaluates prebiotics' ability to increase bile salt-hydrolase activity, offering new insights into personalized health care.
Researchers at RCSI will use the grant to confirm their previous findings and study markers in other people at high risk of psychosis. The goal is to develop a commercially-available test to identify individuals most at risk and prevent psychotic disorders.
A study found that Black children have significantly higher rates of shellfish and fish allergies, as well as wheat allergy, compared to White children. The study also showed a higher prevalence of asthma in Black children with food allergies, highlighting the importance of reducing exposure to cockroaches.
Researchers at Wayne State University found that zinc supplementation can prevent mitochondrial damage in young egg and sperm cells, as well as enhance immunity against COVID-19. Zinc may also improve embryo quality and potentially lessen some pregnancy complications.
Researchers found that school gardens and nutrition classes led to an average increase of half a serving in daily vegetable consumption among participating students. The study, which involved over 3,000 students, also showed no significant changes in weight, BMI, or blood pressure.
A new University of Georgia study reveals that Black Americans face additional stresses due to perceived COVID-19 threats and racism in medical settings. Higher levels of perceived threat and belief in racial discrimination lead to increased psychological distress.
A team of scientists discovered that mast cells orchestrate the recruitment of neutrophils through a molecular mechanism involving tumor necrosis factor. Mast cells position themselves around blood vessels and release TNF, which activates surface proteins on neutrophils, allowing them to migrate into tissues.
The Human Genome Project has enabled millions to access their personal genomic information, but diversity gaps persist in clinical trials. Experts call for increased Indigenous participation, open data sharing, and multidisciplinary approaches to address biases and develop polygenic risk scores for diverse communities.
A new study examining sleep deprivation and frailty reveals that short sleep intensifies the impacts of frailty on depressive symptoms. Frail older adults who experienced worsening frailty and short sleep were more likely to develop higher levels of depression.
Researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have developed a protocol that combines random sampling, high-throughput experimentation, and data science to identify synergistic catalyst combinations. The study identified 51 out of 300 catalysts as effective in the oxidative coupling of methane reaction.
A new global wind atlas provides documented extreme wind speeds for all parts of the world, enabling engineers to select turbines and accelerate sustainable energy development. The atlas is a digital compendium that helps ensure cost-efficient and dependable electricity generation.
The Arizona Rural EMS Advanced Telemedicine Demonstration Initiative (AzREADI) provides rural EMS responders with real-time consultations with board-certified EMS physicians. This improves the time from symptom onset to treatment, especially for stroke or traumatic brain injury cases.
Researchers developed a new manufacturing platform using freeze-dried components that can quickly make vaccines on demand. The platform eliminates the need for complex supply chains and refrigeration, making it ideal for low-resource settings. This innovation has the potential to expand access to life-saving medications.
Groundbreaking evidence reveals scalp cooling reduces chemotherapy drug absorption by hair follicle cells. This mechanism explains the treatment's cytoprotective effect and supports its clinical efficacy. The study provides new insights into scalp cooling's potential for reducing hair loss in cancer patients.
GlycoNet invests $1.3 million in new sugar research projects to tackle unmet needs in national healthcare, aiming to deliver made-in-Canada solutions and protect Canadians' lives. The funding supports various projects, including the development of gene therapies and enzymatic tools for blood supply innovation.
A new University of Illinois study aims to develop better testing methods for produce, focusing on toxin-producing E. coli and improving preharvest testing protocols. The project involves swabbing plants in the field with a sterile cloth attached to a stick to capture potential pathogens.
Research suggests that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) early activities in North Carolina negatively impacted birth weights among babies born to immigrant parents. The study found a significant decrease in birth weight after the uptick in ICE activity.
A new study by USF Health researchers has discovered that maternal decidual cells act as reservoirs for Zika virus transmission through the placenta. The study also found that tizoxanide can effectively inhibit Zika virus in these cells, offering promise for preventing perinatal transmission and its associated health problems.
A new study by UC Riverside researchers found that a high-fat and sugar diet in childhood can alter the gut microbiome of mice for life. The study suggests that early-life diet has more long-lasting effects on the microbiome than exercise, highlighting the importance of nutrition during critical developmental periods.
A new computerized adaptive screener has been developed to identify youth at risk for attempting suicide, correctly identifying 82.4% of youth who went on to attempt suicide in the three months following screening. The screener, CASSY, offers an easy-to-use way for providers to detect youth suicide risk in emergency department settings.
Researchers define Sneakerhead sub-culture as driven by history, nostalgia, and exclusivity. African-American men in the mid-Atlantic region identify with the movement, valuing rare sneakers and admiring their history, with a strong sense of community among members.
Researchers have developed a prototype backpack that reduces load weights by 20% while harvesting energy from human movements to power small electronics. The backpack incorporates elastomers for shock absorption and a triboelectric nanogenerators to convert mechanical energy into electricity, achieving 14% efficiency.
A recent study discovered a significant gap in leadership opportunities for women, particularly mothers, who demonstrate high academic achievement. Despite having similar leadership prospects as fathers with low GPAs, women face barriers in securing promotions due to factors such as household responsibilities and biased promotion pract...
Researchers develop peptide-based 'booster' inhibitors that use generic hepatitis B antibodies to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 viruses. This approach offers a rapid response time and could provide guidance for preparing generic therapeutics against emerging pathogens.
Scientists at University of Warwick and Monash University discovered the molecular basis of a biological mechanism controlling antibiotic production in soil bacteria. This breakthrough could lead to improved manufacturing of existing antibiotics and uncovering new ones.
A new study found that extreme rainfall events in East Africa led to a substantial increase in methane emissions from wetlands, accounting for over a quarter of the global annual increase. The study used satellite data and atmospheric models to evaluate methane emissions during the 2018-2019 rainfall period.
People with severe mental disorders have a significantly increased risk of dying from COVID-19, with mortality rates almost four times higher than in the general population. The study, which analyzed data from over eight million individuals, highlights the importance of addressing both mental and physical health problems in this group.
A study by Christine Costello and colleagues found that urban agriculture in Chicago made little difference in reducing land area needed to supply nutritional needs. However, adding certain vitamins as supplements could make locally raised food sufficient for residents within a smaller radius.
Researchers found that antibodies produced by B cells predominantly have the IgA subtype, which inhibits RAS signaling, sensitizing tumor cells to T cell-mediated killing. This study provides insights into how immune components regulate ovarian cancer progression and offers new approaches for targeted immunotherapies.
Researchers found that silver nanoparticles in antimicrobial plastic can form in foods and beverages, especially in sweetened products. The study suggests that long-term storage of these packaged items could lead to the transfer of silver ions into food and drinks, potentially harming human health.
A recent study published in Applied Ergonomics compared standardized processes for community pharmacists with their real-world practices, revealing a significant gap. The researchers identified four main themes: efficiency, resource availability, thoroughness, and delegating safeguards. Further research is needed to adapt procedures to...
A study from the University of Tsukuba found that higher spontaneous eye blink rates correlate with improved cognitive function and enhanced executive function in physically fit individuals. The dopaminergic system, involved in physical activity and exercise, plays a crucial role in mediating this link.
A research team at Pohang University of Science & Technology has uncovered the mechanism for regulating T cell differentiation via intestinal epithelial cells. This finding highlights the importance of intestinal immune homeostasis and suggests a new role for PD-1 signaling in CD4+ T cell differentiation into intraepithelial lymphocytes.
Researchers from RUDN University proposed a new method to assess the productivity of 5G base stations, reducing network capacity fluctuations. The new approach aggregates licensed and non-licensed band spectrum using WiGig technology, enabling continuous communication without losing transmission speed.
Patients with extreme blood sugar swings between doctor visits face higher risk of heart disease, study finds. Wide variations in blood sugar levels are associated with poor health outcomes and even death, researchers suggest.
Research highlights three common risk factors for maternal mental health problems: changes to work, marital conflicts, and pandemic-related distress. Mothers with stronger support networks, including grandparents, are less likely to experience mental health issues.
A new root-knot nematode species has been discovered on grapevines in Yunnan province, China. The Meloidogyne vitis sp. nov. species is believed to seriously damage grape production, highlighting the need for further research and monitoring.
Researchers identified recurring deletions in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that prevent antibody binding, allowing viruses to evade the immune system. The study analyzed nearly 150,000 gene sequences and found instances of viruses with these deletions, which have repeatedly arisen in genetically distinct viruses worldwide.
New research from the University at Buffalo suggests that satisficers, who make minimal decisions, may feel incapable of managing their choices due to stress. This approach is often misunderstood as being less particular or careless, but rather a defense mechanism against overwhelming decision-making stress.
A machine learning model permits full quantum description of the solvated electron, capturing its complex behavior and dynamics. The model revealed transient diffusion, a rare event not present in classical simulations.
A team of climatologists from Universitat Rovira i Virgili, the State Meteorology Agency, and the University of Bonn have developed homogenization methods to correct spurious trends in temperature measurements. These methods, tested on a large dataset of 1,900 weather stations, improved the accuracy of climate trend estimation.
A recent poll shows significant inequality in older adults' ability to isolate a COVID-positive person at home, with those who are Hispanic or Black, or have lower incomes or poor health, being more likely to lack access. The poll also highlights disparities in outdoor spaces and social connections among older adults.
Researchers in Costa Rica have found that some bacteria on amphibian skin can prevent growth of the fungus responsible for mass amphibian die-offs. The study identified a number of bacteria with inhibitory capacity against the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which has led to the extinction of 90 species.
Researchers develop robots that mimic human appearance, perception, and control systems to create more advanced androids. Robots can also experience sensations like touch and pain, and learn from humans through observation and feedback mechanisms.
A recent CABI study has updated the list of potential biopesticide active ingredients for managing fall armyworm in Africa, with 41 products now registered across 30 countries. The review highlights the efficacy of eight additional biological control agents, including Aspergillus oryzae and thyme oil.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have shown that existing water purification plants can effectively remove nearly all enveloped viruses from drinking water. Using a coronavirus surrogate, they found that coagulation reduced viral quantities by 99.999%, meeting EPA regulations.
Scientists from Alfred Wegener Institute found Arctic Ocean was filled with freshwater due to floating ice shelves. Freshwater inputs explained rapid climate oscillations.
A new Canadian TIA Score tool helps emergency physicians predict patients at greatest risk of having a major stroke within the week. The study showed the Canadian TIA Score accurately categorized patients into three risk groups, outperforming existing ABCD2 score.
A study in New York State found COVID-19 hospitalization rates were higher among those living with diagnosed HIV compared to those without. The results highlight the increased risk of severe illness in individuals with HIV during the pandemic.