Researchers found most British legal documents from this period were written on sheepskins, which allowed for easy detection of fraudulent changes. The high fat content of sheepskins made it difficult to alter text without leaving a visible mark.
Research reveals that root-dwelling bacteria can enhance plant heat tolerance, with SA187 showing promising results in lab and field tests. The bacteria trigger the plant's defense system by producing metabolites that prime its heat-resistance genes for action.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba found that vigorous exercise enhances sleep quality despite lack of subjective change. Exercise improves slow-wave sleep stability, which may lead to new treatment recommendations for sleep disorders.
Researchers analyzed ancient Maya house remains to find a link between autocratic governance and wealth inequality. They found that societies with more collective governance had more similarly sized houses, indicating less wealth disparity.
Scientists successfully achieved homogeneous catalyst by dissolving electrocatalytic metals in molten gallium, improving formic acid selectivity and reducing hydrogen evolution. The new method brings a significant breakthrough for synthesizing heterogeneous catalysts with enhanced stability.
A large-scale study found that people living in areas with high background radiation had a 2.5-year longer life expectancy and lower rates of certain cancers, including lung, pancreatic, colon, and rectal cancer. The researchers suggest re-evaluating the linear no-threshold paradigm for low-dose radiation.
A subset of T cells, known as memory T cells, can persist for years in melanoma patients with durable responses to immunotherapy. Researchers identified a new subset of resident memory (TRM) cells that localize to patient skin and tumor and make high levels of the cytokine interferon gamma.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a metric that reflects the average price of energy in the United States, providing a way to optimize policies for a smooth and efficient transition to clean energy. The energy price index can forecast energy demands and prices, helping policymakers navigate the evolving energy landscape.
Researchers have developed a Sn/reduced graphene oxide catalyst for efficient formic acid synthesis from CO2 through electrochemical reduction. The catalyst achieved a Faradic efficiency of 98% and significantly reduced overpotential, enabling the production of high-purity formic acid.
A study has produced a detailed molecular atlas of lung development, identifying critical cell types and signaling pathways. The researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing and ATAC sequencing to record gene expression in thousands of individual cells across the lifespan, revealing new insights into how alveoli develop and mature.
A school-based telehealth program in South Carolina provides accessible care to underserved children, improving academic performance and reducing ER visits. The program uses a time-efficient process that removes geographic barriers, ensuring timely treatment and medication administration.
Biologists Auke-Florian Hiemstra and Liselotte Rambonnet found reports of various animals becoming entangled in corona waste, including foxes, birds, hedgehogs, seagulls, crabs, and bats. The diversity of affected species is considerable, with vertebrates and invertebrates on land, in freshwater, and seawater also impacted.
A comprehensive review of past decade research found limited evidence to encourage MOM feedings in Black and Hispanic preterm infants. The study recommends targeted, culturally sensitive lactation support interventions to address racial/ethnic disparities in breast milk expression.
New UBC research finds female sockeye salmon are dying at significantly higher rates than their male counterparts during migration, leading to skewed sex ratios in spawning grounds. The study identifies four reasons for this trend: depletion of energy reserves, reduced cardiac capacity, stress and disease.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine has found that COVID-19 vaccines may not produce sufficient antibody response in people who have received solid organ transplants and are immunocompromised. Only 17% of participants developed detectable antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus after receiving their first dose of the vaccine.
A new study predicts that parts of the UK, particularly eastern and southern England, will face extremely hot and dry conditions conducive to wildfires nearly every other year by 2080 due to climate change. This could lead to a significant increase in wildfire danger, posing environmental, health, and economic risks.
Researchers used wearable data to predict functional capacity and frailty in cardiovascular disease patients. The study found that wearable activity data was a reliable indicator of these factors, allowing for earlier intervention and improved patient outcomes.
A meta-analysis of studies with monolingual and bilingual children found that they generally favor native speakers over non-native speakers. However, children raised in diverse environments may have a greater awareness of linguistic-based group differences.
The University of Delaware lab will investigate the role of Elav11 and its partners in eye development under a four-year NIH grant. Researchers aim to understand mechanisms behind cataracts and lens abnormalities.
A mouse study suggests that intense behavioral training before symptoms develop can delay the onset of Rett syndrome, a devastating neurological disorder. The training improved memory loss and motor control decline in mice with the genetic disorder.
A study by the University of Birmingham suggests that prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination for surgical patients can prevent thousands of post-operative deaths. Vaccination is estimated to reduce COVID-19-related deaths among high-risk patients, such as those undergoing cancer surgery.
A new study reveals the genetic mechanism behind human brain development, identifying a key molecule called ZEB2 that influences brain growth. The research found that human brain organoids grow larger and have more neurons than those from other apes due to a delayed change in cell shape.
Researchers have developed next-generation influenza vaccines that protect against a wide variety of seasonal and pandemic strains, including avian viruses H5N1 and H7N9. These nanoparticle-based vaccines spur strong immune responses in animal trials, potentially lowering the risk of bad flu seasons.
Researchers explore using microbes to degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), persistent environmental pollutants. A study suggests that certain microbe strains can defluorinate PFAS, but further research is needed to develop a feasible method for cleaning up the compounds.
Researchers at Skoltech have discovered new gene clusters that employ a 'Trojan horse' strategy to kill bacterial cells by preventing protein synthesis. These findings suggest the possibility of developing novel antimicrobial agents, which could be used to combat pathogenic bacteria.
A multicenter study found that aspirin was not equally effective as blood thinners in treating cervical artery dissections. The international study showed a higher risk of problems with aspirin treatment compared to anticoagulation.
A team of Japanese scientists conducted a study on the psychological effects of living in Antarctica, using non-invasive surveys and tree drawings as tools. The results showed two types of coping mechanisms: stabilizing life by maintaining previous routines, and flexibly adjusting to new circumstances.
A new study projects extreme heatwaves of up to 56 degrees Celsius in the MENA region, posing a significant threat to human life and forced migration. The research team recommends immediate climate change mitigation measures and adaptation solutions for urban centers.
Researchers explore how blockchain and machine learning can optimize customer experiences across channels, while addressing data privacy concerns. The study identifies opportunities for future research on attribution modeling and incentivizing partner participation in blockchains.
Researchers in Italy and UK developed an automatic process to assess nanofiber fabrication quality, achieving 92.5% accuracy. The new system reduces the need for human inspection and minimizes anomalies, improving uniformity and quality.
A team of researchers from Texas A&M University developed an organ-on-a-chip device that can model the disease physiology of patients with sickle cell disease. The device uses blood outgrowth endothelial cells to mimic a patient's vessel, allowing for personalized treatment and predicting disease progression.
Astronomers have captured the first-ever image of a black hole's magnetic fields, revealing that polarized light reveals the structure of these fields just outside the event horizon. This breakthrough observation will help scientists understand how energy is extracted from spinning black holes to produce powerful jets.
Researchers at RUDN University found that fluorine-containing compounds can simplify the purification of catalysts from reaction products, making them reusable. This technology could improve ruthenium-based catalysts for pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
A team of researchers identified a novel biomarker, membrane-bound BASP-1 protein, to visualize adult human neural stem cells in the live mammalian brain. This discovery enables better understanding of neurogenesis and its relevance to neurological disorders, potentially leading to new therapeutic approaches.
Even with limited warming, South Asia will experience deadly heat stress due to population growth and already hot climate conditions. A new study projects nearly tripled heat stress exposure by 2 degrees Celsius of warming.
Researchers have discovered that the modern tiger shark originated 13.8 million years ago, rather than the previously assumed 5.3 million years. The study, published in Paleobiology, used geometric morphometrics to analyze fossil teeth and found only one valid species of tiger shark remaining today.
A survey of Geisinger employees showed increasing acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines after vaccine availability announcements, public events, and news coverage. 55.3% of employees indicated they intended to receive a vaccine, with most citing safety concerns as the main reason for hesitation.
A decline in black cherry regeneration is reported, suggesting that environmental changes might impact other tree species in mixed forests. An increase in pathogens and reduced nitrogen deposition in soil are identified as key factors contributing to this decline.
Physicists at NIST have developed a system that uses optical fiber to control and read out a superconducting qubit, enabling the creation of a more powerful quantum computer. The method allows for the conversion of light signals into microwaves, which can be used to store and process information.
Osaka University researchers use deep learning to improve mobile mixed reality generation, enabling the automatic removal of obstructions and addition of greenery. This technology may revolutionize green architecture and city revitalization by providing real-time visualizations.
Fish can have scaled, armoured or naked skin; researchers found that only naked fish can develop a bony armour. The protective state of their skin influenced their choice of open water or sea floor habitats.
Scientists genetically engineered myeloid cells to deliver an anticancer signal, shrinking tumors and preventing cancer from spreading to other parts of the body. The study shows promise as a potential treatment for metastatic cancer, with treated mice living substantially longer and experiencing reduced metastatic cancer.
The NIST team compared three top atomic clocks, including the aluminum-ion clock, ytterbium lattice clock, and strontium lattice clock, with record accuracy over both air and optical fiber links. The measurements resulted in uncertainties of only 6 to 8 parts in 10^18 for both fiber and wireless links.
Climate change impacts grassland vegetation through increased CO2 concentration, leading to reduced stomatal conductance, nitrogen uptake, and yield. Researchers found that heavy nitrogen fertilization no longer boosts yield performance, instead hindering it.
Effective Field Theories were introduced to simplify mathematics involved in unifying interactions. Steven Weinberg shares his expertise on these theories, which unify weak and electromagnetic interactions with the strong interaction. He also discusses implications for future research and applications in diverse areas.
Researchers used pumice from an underwater volcanic eruption to determine the cause of a mass death of migrating seabirds. The study found that birds were starving and eating non-food materials like pumice stones due to lack of food, indicating broader health issues for the marine ecosystem.
Researchers have developed small, swimming robots that can magnetically heal themselves on-the-fly after breaking into two or three pieces. The strategy could be used to make hardier devices for environmental or industrial clean up.
Researchers have found that Oldowan and Acheulean stone tool technologies are likely to be tens of thousands of years older than previously thought. Using statistical modeling techniques, the study estimates the origins of these early stone tools at 2.617-2.644 million years ago for Oldowan and 1.815-1.823 million years ago for Acheulean.
Persistent midlife loneliness is linked to a higher risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease, while transient loneliness may actually reduce the risk. Researchers found that recovering from loneliness after 18 years may also lead to lower risk of dementia onset.
A pilot study from North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found evidence of Bartonella infection in the blood of people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The study suggests a potential link between Bartonella infection and neuropsychiatric disease, particularly schizophrenia.
Researchers developed lung-on-chip platforms that recapitulate the human lung's multicellular architecture and physiochemical microenvironment. These models provide a more rapid alternative for testing drug candidates to treat COVID-19-related lung infections.
A recent study published in Global Advances in Health and Medicine found that online mindfulness interventions can improve psychological health during times of uncertainty. The study showed significant reductions in momentary stress, anxiety, and COVID-19 concern among participants.
Artificial neurons help decode cortical signals using a new algorithm that automates feature extraction and interpretation. The neural network architecture is automatically tuned to analyze signals from separate neural populations, providing physiologically meaningful results.
Researchers discovered the Leishmania parasite's arsenal to affect cellular defense and enhance leishmaniasis, using autophagy to block caspase-11. The findings shed light on a key mechanism involved in other diseases and may lead to novel treatments for leishmaniasis.
A large study found a strong association between ultra-processed food consumption and an increased risk of colorectal cancer, with a 10% increment in consumption leading to an 11% increase in risk. Ultra-processed foods were also linked to less healthy diets among breast cancer cases, while no association was found with prostate cancer.
Research by Ruhr-University Bochum finds that performance-based remuneration schemes can lead to emotional exhaustion, fatigue, depression, and burnout in employees. Workers with specific skills or experience tend to cope better with pressure.
Researchers use time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography to capture dynamic changes in chloride ion-pumping rhodopsin, an atomic 'pump' driven by sunlight. The study reveals the mechanisms of energy conversion and has implications for designing light-sensitive molecular pumps.
Research suggests that postpartum women are at a higher risk of developing obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) than previously thought, with symptoms often going undetected. The study found that up to 17% of new mothers experience OCD symptoms related to infant-related harm, emphasizing the need for targeted screening and assessment me...
A new study found that premature birth increases the risk of mortality in adulthood by up to 40% compared to full-term births. Chronic diseases such as heart disease and lung disease also pose a higher risk, with individuals born before 37 weeks having twice the risk of dying from these conditions.
Researchers have found that using a small molecule called givinostat can coax induced pluripotent stem cells to become muscle progenitor cells, increasing muscle stem cells and decreasing destructive inflammation. The strategy also restores levels of dystrophin, a key protein for the muscle, in animal models of muscular dystrophy.