Astronomers detect massive light burst from 'infant' Universe, revealing properties of cosmic explosions. The GRB was triggered by a space explosion that occurred when the Universe was less than 900 million years old.
The 2022 EXPLORE Lunar Data Challenge identifies hazards on the Moon's surface using images from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Participants train models to recognize craters and boulders, then create a map of optimal rover routes to avoid hazards.
A large US population study found that receiving a third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine reduced the risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19 by approximately 60% compared to receiving only two doses. The association was strongest when measured within three months after booster vaccination.
Imperial College London researchers have developed a new low-cost sensor thread called PECOTEX that can be embedded into clothing to monitor vital signs. The sensors, which cost $0.15 to produce, can track breathing, heart rate, and gases like ammonia, potentially leading to diagnosis and monitoring of disease.
A new study led by ICM-CSIC has revealed the complex geometry of the Alboran Sea faults system, which has been absorbing most of the deformation from plate collision. The research demonstrates that this region is one of the most important fault systems in the western Mediterranean and has a significant tsunami risk.
Researchers investigated how paper wasps adapt their behavior when the queen is removed or dies, finding that they counterbalance genes that establish queen-like behavior with aggressive fighting. This enables societies to distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic perturbations, allowing for plasticity in response to changes.
Researchers discovered that humans automatically integrate extralinguistic information into grammatical processing, improving communication. The study used EEG data from 37 native Russian speakers, finding both linguistic and extralinguistic features processed simultaneously.
Scientists have discovered a massive heat wave in Jupiter's atmosphere, extending over 10 Earth diameters and reaching temperatures of 700 degrees Celsius. The heat wave was triggered by solar wind plasma impacting the planet's magnetic field, distributing energy globally around Jupiter.
The study revealed an alternative pathway for cysteine biosynthesis in animals, using enzymes similar to those found in fungi and bacteria. This challenges the previous assumption that corals rely on symbiotic relationships with algae for cysteine production.
Researchers at the Max Born Institute have used novel ultrashort soft X-ray spectroscopy to study the fate of molecular nitrogen when an electron is kicked out. They found that the B state has a similar degree of excitation as the X state, contradicting previous models. Instead, a coherent interplay between light fields enables lasing ...
Providing low-cost water filter pitchers to low-income families increases their water consumption and decreases sugary drink intake. The studies found that improved water safety and flavor perception led to a reduction in sugary drinks, particularly among Hispanic communities.
A cohort study of 4,443 patients with first-time strokes found that early recovery curves and long-term decline patterns varied across functional domains. Clinical factors such as age, sex, and stroke type significantly impacted activities of daily living performance at 60 months.
A study from the University of Amsterdam found that right-wing individuals, especially neoliberals, are more susceptible to 'political bullshit' - vague and meaningless statements used in politics. The research suggests that these statements can positively correlate with support for free market ideologies.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine have developed a testable hypothesis to explain the initiation of autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. The study suggests that metabolic communication between immune cells and pancreatic beta-cells plays a crucial role in the disease's progression.
Researchers at Georgia State University have discovered a way to prevent and treat gonorrhea by generating a mutation in a key molecule. The study found that inhibiting the bacterial pathogen's ability to hijack human immunity proteins could block gonorrhea infection.
A potential new treatment for glioblastomas, a deadly form of brain tumor, is being researched using the medication letrozole. Studies have shown that letrozole can be effective in killing tumor cells and reaching target tissue safely.
The Europlanet Prize for Public Engagement 2022 was awarded to Dr. Kosmas Gazeas and the team behind 'Planets In Your Hand', an interactive tactile exhibition that provides a multisensory experience of planetary surfaces. The exhibition has been traveling to schools, universities, and organizations, reaching thousands of visitors.
Researchers at Tufts University have created silk-based materials with exceptional water-repelling properties, surpassing those of current nonstick coatings. The modified silk can be molded into various shapes and forms, making it suitable for a wide range of consumer products and medical applications.
Researchers found the moths originated from the Baja Peninsula and Arizona, with a new subspecies discovered in western North America. The study recommends using synthetic pheromones to control the invasive pest.
Researchers at the University of Maryland Baltimore County have discovered that some viruses can sense their environment and
A recent study has found an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and new-onset type 1 diabetes among pediatric patients. The study analyzed data from electronic health records and found that children who contracted COVID-19 were more likely to develop new type 1 diabetes compared to those with other respiratory infections.
A new study proposes reducing toxic proteins in the blood as a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease. By doing so, it aims to improve memory and learning capacity, as well as correct cognitive impairments. The next step is to test this treatment at a clinical level.
A new study found that children infected with COVID-19 have a substantially higher risk of developing type 1 diabetes, with a 72% increase in new diagnoses in the six months following COVID diagnosis. Pediatricians and families should be alert for symptoms of diabetes following COVID.
Researchers developed DNA nets to detect and impede COVID-19, offering a fast, sensitive, and low-cost testing platform. The technique also showed potential as an antiviral treatment, inhibiting the virus's spread in live cell cultures.
A new paper challenges the 'Carter argument', suggesting life on Earth increases the probability of abiogenesis elsewhere. The author argues that the existence of life on Earth is old evidence that should be treated as such.
A study published in Science finds that gut rotation is regulated by two waves of Pitx2 expression, triggered by mechanical cues and a latent TGF-beta sensor. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms of organ formation and has implications for understanding birth defects such as intestinal malrotation.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have invented a new application of perovskites as single-crystal optical fibers with exceptional stability, efficiency, and durability. These high-performance fibers could revolutionize broadband delivery, improve medical imaging, and even enable solar-powered clothing.
Researchers at POSTECH developed a self-calibrating effective drought index to analyze 250 years of drought data, comparing precipitation records from late Joseon dynasty to date. The study found socioeconomic drought impacts hinge on the socioeconomic structure and demonstrated the value of meticulous historical records.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified the mechanism behind superior auditory abilities in Williams-Beuren Syndrome patients as hyperexcitable interneurons in the auditory cortex. The study suggests that reducing neuronal hyperexcitability might be a general mechanism for treating WBS through targeting VIPR1.
A new study found that only around half of older adults with hypertension regularly check their blood pressure at home. Those who received a healthcare provider's recommendation to do so were three and a half times more likely to monitor their blood pressure regularly.
A team of researchers at Lund University used Gaia space telescope data to study the outer disk of the Milky Way, finding large parts vibrate due to a passing dwarf galaxy. This 'galactic seismology' provides clues about Sagittarius' history and orbit around our home galaxy.
A recent clinical trial published in Circulation found that Fitbit wearable devices can identify patients with undiagnosed atrial fibrillation, a condition that can lead to strokes. The study, led by Massachusetts General Hospital, used a novel algorithm to detect irregular heart rhythms based on Fitbit sensors.
A new study challenges the notion that capitalism improved human welfare, finding instead that it led to dramatic declines in real wages, human height, and premature mortality. Recovery from this immiseration occurred only recently, coinciding with the rise of progressive social movements.
A new study by the University of Bern has discovered 21 highly-active metal compounds that demonstrate good activity against various resistant fungal strains. These compounds were up to 30,000 times more active against fungi than human cells.
Researchers explored how differences in skin composition affect susceptibility to diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. The study found that body site determines skin structure and function, with specific lipids and proteins playing a crucial role in disease diagnosis.
Medically underserved communities face significant barriers to endoscopy-related COVID-19 testing, potentially worsening health care disparities. Researchers recommend addressing these challenges by mailing test kits or offering rapid testing to mitigate delays in diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal illnesses.
A study co-authored by Amelia Villaseñor reveals that the extinction of megafauna in North America more than 10,000 years ago resulted in a reorganized, vulnerable ecosystem. The research found that surviving mammal communities were affected, with vacant niches and changes in dietary habits.
The 2022 NBS Research Summit explores efforts to discover novel technologies for screening, diagnosis, and treatment of genetic conditions in newborns. Clinicians will present their work on improving treatments for various diseases, including Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 and Sickle Cell Diseases.
Researchers used the Advanced Photon Source to study asteroid fragments from Ryugu, finding they were made of water and carbon dioxide ice. The analysis suggests the asteroid formed over 4 billion years ago in the outer solar system, with a hydrated interior and dryer surface.
A study at Europlanet Science Congress 2022 found that super-thin planet nurseries can accelerate the formation of big planets. The team observed a remarkably thin disc of dust and gas around a young star, where large particles settled into a dense midplane, creating conditions favourable for planetary growth.
A study by Lauren Stanton and colleagues found that less bold raccoons learned faster than bolder ones. In a cognitive test, the calmer animals successfully navigated a cubicle to obtain rewards, outperforming their more aggressive counterparts.
Researchers analyzed data from Australia's Reef Life Survey and two major reef monitoring programs to understand the effects of warming waters on reef fish populations. The study found that temperature changes had a greater impact on temperate reefs, while tropical reefs were more affected by habitat changes such as coral bleaching.
A UK trial found that 70% of people with normal weight and type 2 diabetes entered remission by losing around 10% of their body weight, supporting the concept of a personal fat threshold. The study showed that even though participants had normal BMI, they had higher levels of fat in their liver and pancreas than healthy controls.
A study from Brigham Young University found that wearing a pedometer increases daily step counts by an average of 318 steps per day. The researchers discovered that being aware of one's step count through tracking, regardless of specific goals or incentives, can lead to increased physical activity.
A newly discovered sarbecovirus in Russian bats has the ability to use human ACE2 to enter cells and is resistant to antibodies from people vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. This finding highlights the potential risk of transmission between animals and humans.
A study by the Max Planck Institute found that playing wind instruments releases fewer viruses into the air than singing, but still more than breathing quietly. Wind instruments act as filters for larger particles, reducing transmission risk, while smaller particles spread further and pose a higher risk.
A recent study reveals that anthropogenic air pollution contributes significantly to poor air quality and climate change in the Middle East. The research found that hazardous fine particulate matter from human activities accounts for around 53% of aerosol visible optical depth, posing a significant health risk.
New research reveals that human gut bacteria use plant N-glycans as nutrients, enabling better management of good gut health. The discovery has biotechnological applications, such as reducing allergenic responses to food and medicine.
A recent study of Alaskan brown bears reveals that their gut microbiomes play a crucial role in supporting health and achieving comparable size despite eating vastly different diets. The research sheds light on the importance of diverse dietary niches for bears, which can help them extract nutrition from various food sources.
A new research study by Danielle Abbitt, MD, shows that telehealth follow-up appointments are just as effective as in-clinic visits for detecting and addressing postoperative complications. The study found no significant difference in complication rates or emergency department utilization between telehealth and in-person follow-ups.
Researchers from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology design a novel approach to create durable organic semiconductor photocathodes, enabling high-efficiency conversion of solar energy to hydrogen. The developed photocathodes demonstrate remarkable stability and can produce hydrogen under actual sunlight.
A new study found that placing a monthly cap on out-of-pocket costs for commercially insured patients could lower their highest monthly healthcare bills by 50-60%. A $500 monthly limit would affect about 25% of enrollees and reduce in-network OOP costs over a year by 46%, while a $250 limit would show a 51% reduction.
Researchers found a specific CAPRIN1 gene mutation linked to impaired protein production, leading to autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, language impairments, and muscle weakness. The study also identified similar symptoms in patients with early-onset ataxia and myasthenia.
Scientists recorded facial expressions of 100 unborn babies to see how they reacted to carrot and kale flavours. Fetuses exposed to carrot showed more laughter-like responses, while those exposed to kale showed more crying-like responses. This study could help understand the development of human taste and smell receptors.
A new wearable device study, DETECT, found that sensor data significantly improves seven-day average predictions for COVID-19 infection by 32.9% in California and 12.2% nationwide. The study tracked physiological changes before symptom onset, providing a valuable tool for predicting viral threats.
A new computer program, ExtRaINSIGHT, has been developed to track harmful mutations in the human genome throughout evolution. The study found three regions of the genome that are extremely sensitive to mutations, including splice sites, miRNA molecules, and central nervous system genes.
Researchers at UTHealth Houston will create a coordinating unit for biostatistics, informatics, and engagement to advance knowledge about human brain neurons. The project aims to produce an open-access digital brain cell reference atlas to improve understanding of neurological functions and disorders.
Researchers at the University of Basel have achieved a record low temperature of 220 microkelvin by cooling an electric circuit made of copper on a silicon chip using magnetic fields and an improved thermometer. This breakthrough allows for further study of quantum effects and potential applications in quantum technologies.
A new analysis suggests that bird-hipped dinosaurs evolved from silesaurs, which were first identified two decades ago. The study reveals a 25-million-year gap in the fossil record, but provides insight into the early evolution of ornithischians.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found pirfenidone effective in slowing ILD progression in RA patients, potentially increasing overall survival. The study was the first prospective treatment trial for this condition.