Researchers found that poor infrastructures, low awareness, and unstable funding hinder efforts to implement global guidelines for antimicrobial resistance. The study highlights the need for tailored interventions responsive to local needs.
A new study published in Environmental Research Letters found that natural gas transported by interstate pipelines contains hazardous air pollutants and known human carcinogens. The study analyzed industry-reported data and found surprising levels of harmful air pollutants, including benzene, mercury, radon, and hydrogen sulfide.
Two studies identify 22 previously unreported NFKB1 variants linked to immune system dysfunction, including reduced expression of the protein and altered gene expression. The findings suggest targeted inhibition of NFkB signaling pathway components as an attractive therapeutic approach for treating these diseases.
A study by Duke University found that one in four Flint residents have PTSD, with rates of depression and PTSD three to five times higher than national estimates. The crisis exacerbated existing mental health problems in the predominantly low-income Black community.
Researchers at Nagoya University have identified new agents involved in DNA damage tolerance pathways, including RFWD3, which may contribute to anticancer treatment. The study's findings suggest that inhibiting these pathways could sensitize cancer cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agents.
Researchers introduced a new method to analyze dynamic processes in photoelectrocatalytic reactions using carbon dots. The technique, TPV technology, provides detailed information on charge transfer and reaction kinetics, enabling the discovery of new catalytic properties.
Despite major disruptions, many students maintained their trust in institutions, especially among white and Hispanic students. However, Black students and those from lower-income households with limited resources experienced decreased trust due to historical distrust and pandemic-related challenges.
A new study led by NYU researchers has developed a topical gel that targets the succinate receptor to suppress inflammation, reduce bacterial imbalance, and prevent bone loss. The treatment has shown promise in reducing gum disease symptoms, including inflammation and tooth loss.
A new study reveals that type 2 diabetes significantly shortens the life expectancy of women, younger individuals, and smokers, with a 60% increased risk of early death among women. The research also shows that diagnosis at an earlier age and smoking have a substantial impact on mortality rates.
Researchers at Ludwig Lausanne have identified a combination of three existing drugs that significantly extends survival in mouse models of GBM. The combination, which includes an antidepressant, immune checkpoint blockade antibody, and a cancer therapy analog, unleashes powerful anti-tumor immune responses.
Scientists have discovered a novel enzyme encoded by a soil virus that can break down chitin, a carbon-rich biopolymer found in insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls. This finding has significant implications for understanding soil ecology and the role of microorganisms in nutrient cycling.
This review examines the known neurologic complications of smallpox and monkeypox, including their complications from vaccination. The study highlights the importance of understanding these neurological effects to improve treatment and prevention strategies.
Researchers at KIT have developed a method to suppress nine-tenths of a chromosome using CRISPR/Cas molecular scissors, preventing genetic exchange and allowing positive traits to be passed on together. This technique can improve the efficiency of crop breeding by combining favorable traits in one plant.
A multidisciplinary team at UC San Diego received NSF funding to create a system that remotely monitors patient posture, movement, and physical therapy treatments using wearable technology and machine learning. The goal is to enable personalized physical therapy treatments and improve health outcomes.
A study by University of Basel economists found that homeownership leads to increased happiness, but not as long as predicted. Status-oriented individuals overestimated the benefits of home ownership, while intrinsically-oriented individuals were more accurate in their expectations.
A recent study published in Radiology found persistent lung damage on MRI scans in children and teens who recovered from or have long COVID. Lung function and structure show signs of dysfunction, with V/Q matches indicating impaired air and blood flow.
Researchers found that inhibiting GABA A receptors protects intestinal stem cells from chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced damage, reducing DNA damage and increasing survival. Flumazenil, an FDA-approved anti-sedative, shows promise in protecting the intestine from these toxic effects.
A magnetic field enhances the production of synthetic biogas from agricultural waste by promoting cell proliferation and glycolysis. The study found a 44.71% increase in methane production with a specific concentration of TiO2-FNi and magnetic field.
Research reveals that tree species diversity enhances drought resistance in nearly half of the world's forests, with a greater impact on dry and drought-prone regions. The study suggests that restoring tree species diversity could increase drought resistance by up to 3.2% in global plantation forests.
Researchers at the University of Florida have identified eight new sweetener compounds in 11 citrus cultivars, providing a potential solution to reduce sugar content in processed foods while maintaining sweetness. This breakthrough could lead to the development of natural, non-caloric sweeteners for the food industry.
A study of 1,970 Flint residents found over one-fifth met criteria for depression and nearly one-quarter for posttraumatic stress disorder five years after the water crisis. Only 34.8% received mental health services, but most who did utilize them.
Research led by Ohio State University found that male common vampire bats withdraw socially and scale back on grooming before dying from the disease. The study suggests that the virus may not manipulate host behavior to increase transmission chances.
Tel Aviv University researchers discovered that skin cancer cells interact with astrocytes in the brain, promoting metastasis. By inhibiting this interaction using existing treatments, they delayed the spread of melanoma to the brain by 60-80%. This breakthrough has implications for treating advanced-stage melanoma.
Research reveals that tumor cells form temporary structures to avoid destruction by the immune system. The findings suggest that timed inhibition of relevant signaling pathways is necessary alongside immunotherapy to prevent tumor resistance.
A recent study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences identifies compensating errors in widely used climate model protocols, known as CMIP6. The researchers analyzed five CMIP6 models and found large uncertainties in cloud microphysical properties, including cloud fraction, liquid water path, and droplet effective radius.
A team of scientists has developed a novel fabrication method for aspheric micro-lens arrays, enabling large-area and high-precision creation. The single beam exposure DLWL technology satisfies the high optical performance requirements.
Researchers have developed an injectable shear-thinning hydrogel that exhibits enhanced cohesive strength, resisting fragmentation even under pulsating liquid flows. The gel, similar to toothpaste, retains its structure when force is removed, making it a potential breakthrough in treating critical vascular conditions.
A pioneering behavioural diagnostic tool, SPUR, has been developed to improve medication adherence in type 2 diabetes patients. The study found that the tool can reliably identify patients struggling with their medicines and the reasons why.
Sooby's research aims to develop an AI algorithm to rapidly provide high-quality data during alloy fabrication, reducing time and cost. Her lab collaborates with Computer Science professor Amanda Fernandez to leverage deep learning approaches for image labeling, increasing efficiency by 99%.
A joint study by the Israel Antiquities Authority, Tel Aviv University, and the Weizmann Institute of Science has revealed the world's earliest known evidence of opium use in the Late Bronze Age. Eight ceramic vessels containing opium residue were found in Canaanite graves at Tel Yehud.
A new study found that COVID-19 infection increases the risk of potentially life-threatening blood clots for at least 49 weeks. The excess risk to individuals reduces over time, but preventive strategies such as medication can help reduce cases of serious clots.
Research at Karolinska Institutet shows that people with diabetes have lower levels of psoriasin, a key peptide that weakens the bladder's protective barrier function. This increases the risk of urinary tract infections. Oestrogen therapy may help regulate the immune response to UTIs in patients with diabetes.
Helen Hansma proposes that primitive life emerged from precursors corralled between layers of mica, offering a stable environment for molecules to grow and processes to develop. The presence of potassium ions in micaceous clay supports this hypothesis, as cells have high intracellular concentrations of potassium.
Researchers found that stress granules are abundant in obesity-related pancreatic cancer and blocking their formation stops cancer growth in animals. The study reveals a potential new direction for developing cancer therapy by targeting stress granule formation.
The University of Texas at Dallas is receiving a $5 million NSF grant to advance quantum research and education. The grant aims to train the workforce needed for neutral-atom-based quantum information processing, which has immense potential to speed up computation.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have identified a new mechanism in ARVC that could lead to a potential treatment strategy. They found that activating sirtuin-3 can slow down disease progression, and honokiol, a natural product extracted from the tulip tree, has been shown to work similarly.
The SETI Institute and Unistellar are launching a new exoplanet detection program that engages citizen scientists worldwide. Citizen astronomers will help confirm exoplanet candidates identified by NASA's TESS using Unistellar's eVscope or other telescopes.
The Hastings Center introduces five ethical criteria to improve human subject protections in phase I healthy volunteer trials and research biopsies. These guidelines focus on translational science value, fair opportunity and burden sharing, fair compensation for service, experiential welfare, and enhanced voice and recourse.
A team of researchers led by Gunnar Schotta found that DNA methylation is a decisive factor in silencing endogenous retroviruses in certain cell types. The presence of histone modifications, however, is not sufficient for complete silencing.
A new study predicts that the disruption of crop production in Ukraine due to the Russian invasion will lead to increased global carbon emissions and food prices. However, other countries are stepping up their production to compensate for the loss, which may alleviate food insecurity but with significant environmental impacts.
A Hebrew University study reveals that desert isopods, when predators like scorpions are nearby, prefer larger females but settle for smaller ones instead. Males also adjust their behavior, with smaller males opting for second-best females closer to the predator.
The Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center has received a $10 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to study lung metastasis in breast cancer. The research aims to understand the mechanisms of tumor cells seeding tumors in the lungs, a key site for triple-negative breast cancer metastasis.
The study reveals that abnormal distribution of phospholipid PIP2 inhibits FAK activation, leading to brain dysfunction. Researchers found reduced activity of focal adhesion kinase proteins in brain tissues of HD patients and mouse models.
A new study by the University of Maryland found that white-tailed deer in suburban environments often bed down and spend the night within 50 meters of residential properties. This revelation has significant implications for tick management and reducing the risk of human exposure to diseases like Lyme disease and anaplasmosis.
The aviation industry faces radical solutions to address its growing impact on climate change, with cleaner fuels and carbon offsetting deemed inadequate. The industry needs to invest in new technologies, such as hydrogen and electricity-powered planes, to reduce emissions and mitigate contrails' warming effects.
Research shows that COVID-19 pandemic, murder of George Floyd, and contentious presidential election may have hindered young adults' social development. Studies found decreased intimacy and relationship satisfaction among those affected.
Researchers Konstanze Zwintz and Thomas Steindl develop new model to study pre-main sequence stars, shedding light on their early formation and its effects on stellar evolution. The model improves understanding of the chaotic phase of star birth and its impact on oscillation behavior.
Researchers analyzed over 6,700 patients treated for blood clots and irregular heart rhythms. Stopping aspirin significantly reduced bleeding complications by 32.3% and prevented one major bleeding event per every 1,000 patients who stopped taking aspirin.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new method to capture and predict the fatigue strength of metallic materials using automated high-resolution electron imaging. This approach allows for rapid prediction of metal failure and breakage, leading to design of safer and more resilient materials for various applications.
Researchers found that certain survey question sets can minimize stigma and increase disclosure among women. The study suggests redesigning surveys to improve data quality and support maternal, child, and reproductive health. The findings have the potential to influence national surveys and provide guidance to the field.
Researchers found that infants differentiate sounds based on neighboring sounds and vowel durations. Their study suggests that babies can learn the speech contrasts of their language through naturalistic speech data.
Researchers found evidence of declining dinosaur diversity in central China, with only three species of eggs and low number of dinosaurs for the last 2 million years. This decline may have been caused by global climate fluctuations and massive volcanic eruptions.
Geologists mapped how historical coking and smelting led to toxic metal pollutants in Pittsburgh's soil, particularly in the eastern half of the city. The team found that concentrations of soil metals were higher in valleys influenced by rivers, with cadmium posing a lesser-known risk.
A study of global dietary patterns found that diets globally are not much healthier today than they were thirty years ago. Despite modest gains, there is a significant variation in dietary quality among countries, with some nations like Vietnam and Iran showing improved healthy eating habits.
A global risk assessment reveals that 56-65% of urban tree species are already at risk due to increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation. By 2050, this figure could rise to 68-76%, with France expecting a 71% risk for common ash species.
A team of researchers has successfully transplanted the RNA editing machinery from a moss into human cells, including kidney and cancer cells. The corrected mechanism was found to work on over 900 targets in nuclear transcripts, offering a potential basis for inducing specific changes in human cells and treating hereditary diseases.
Researchers develop TiO2-δNδ nanowire arrays to enhance N2 reduction to ammonia, achieving high yields and efficiency. The study demonstrates synergistic effects of oxygen vacancies and titanium ions in improving electrocatalytic performance.
A new study has found that a medication typically used to treat heart problems and high blood pressure may also reduce alcohol consumption in humans. The study's findings support further research into spironolactone as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder, which affects millions of people in the US.
Researchers found mutations in leukocyte and T-cell proliferation regulation processes that contribute to ICI treatment response and resistance. The study provides a framework to develop predictors for melanoma, potentially enhancing responses and increasing patient numbers.
Researchers found that using race-free creatinine formula helps equalize access for Black and white patients. The study showed that among 350 Black patients, kidney failure was reached at an average 23 months, versus an average 22 months for 122 white patients.