Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered molecular signatures associated with acute and chronic phases of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study aims to address current limitations in TBI diagnosis and treatment by identifying biomarkers and understanding the blood-brain barrier's role in drug delivery.
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba discovered that the lateral habenula brain region plays a crucial role in amplifying aggressive behavior in response to social interactions. Blocking this pathway eliminated increased aggression caused by social instigation, highlighting its significance in promoting aggressive arousal.
A team of researchers has discovered a protein called NOVA1 that displays pathological characteristics in ALS patients at an early stage. This finding could lead to the development of new therapy concepts and potentially enable early detection of the disease.
A study of 1,884 children with 90-day follow-up found post-COVID-19 conditions in 5.8% of patients, including respiratory and systemic symptoms. Hospitalized children were more likely to experience these conditions, highlighting the need for targeted guidance and follow-up.
A team of UTHSC investigators is testing a new otulin-inhibiting drug to promote tau clearance and reduce neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's patients. The study aims to investigate the link between oxidative stress and otulin activity, which may lead to breakthroughs in treating neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers have developed a battery-free biosensor that can track glucose levels in sweat using radio frequency signals. The device, resembling a smart necklace, showed promising results in monitoring glucose levels during exercise and has potential applications for detecting other biomarkers in bodily fluids.
A study of nearly 3,000 nursing homes found severe COVID-19 outbreaks resulted in temporary increases in contract staff and overtime, but these measures did not fully replace lost staff. The staffing declines remained significant for 16 weeks after the outbreak's start.
Scientists explore how polarized light can create colorful artwork by manipulating transparent films between polarizers. This technique demonstrates key physics concepts, such as birefringence and retardance, in a visual and accessible way.
A research team has won the NIH's Neuromod Prize for their innovative approach to spinal stimulation, which uses autonomic neuromodulation to regulate nervous system activity. The breakthrough could lead to improved autonomy and daily functioning for people with spinal cord injuries.
New guidelines from the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons provide updated treatment recommendations for anorectal abscess, anal fistula, and rectovaginal fistula. The guidelines emphasize the importance of both surgical approaches and medication options in managing these conditions.
A study reveals the oligomeric molecular structure of MOR-Gal1R complex, involved in opioids' analgesic and addictive effects. The complex forms different structures, such as homodimers and heterotetramers, which affect signal pathways.
A recent study on adult e-cigarette use highlights the need for a more nuanced public health approach. While e-cigarettes pose risks, they also offer potential benefits for cessation of combustible cigarette smoking. Researchers suggest balancing concerns with evidence-based strategies to promote e-cigarette use as a tool for quitting.
Researchers have developed a new method to produce RNA chips, which can help elucidate the functions of RNA molecules in cells. The method allows for quick and easy conversion from commercially available DNA chips, paving the way for further applications in disease diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers have developed Fanflow4Insects, a functional annotation workflow that annotates gene functions in insects. The team has annotated the Japanese stick insect and silkworm, providing valuable information for entomological research and genome editing.
Researchers from Georgia State University developed an AI model that can analyze large amounts of brain imaging data to identify novel patterns linked to mental health conditions. The model was trained on datasets of over 10,000 individuals and showed promise in predicting Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and autism risk.
Researchers have developed a novel simulation method to calculate free energy using deep learning artificial intelligence, providing accurate models of molten salts' thermodynamic properties. The study could help examine corrosion in metal containers and improve the design of next-generation nuclear reactors.
A team of researchers found that the internal donut-shaped structure of quasars can affect the ionization level of intergalactic gas in different directions. The study suggests that a dust torus is likely to be responsible for this anisotropic effect.
Scientists have discovered a new, venomous pit viper species in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve, China. The newly described snake has unique characteristics and is found to feed on small mammals in sunny days by the roadside.
A study of 1,884 children with COVID-19 found that nearly 6% developed long COVID 90 days later, with age 14 and four or more initial symptoms being key factors. The study suggests the need for guidance and follow-up for high-risk children.
The nTIDE COVID Update reveals a rise in unemployment rates for both people with and without disabilities, driven by increased labor force participation and inflation concerns. This shift may reflect people entering the workforce to increase family income amid rising living costs.
A recent study found that greenhouse gases are the primary reason for increased temperatures and will likely continue to be the main contributing factor. Simulations show that extreme heatwave events will increase by over 30 percentage points in coming years, primarily due to human-caused emissions.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that nearly half of transgender and gender diverse children experience mental health problems, including anxiety and depression. The study evaluated over 7,200 children aged 9-10 and highlights the need for increased support and resources for this vulnerable population.
Researchers at Heidelberg University have created crystalline materials that can selectively bind polyfluorinated hydrocarbons on their surface. The porous crystals show extremely high selectivity for adsorbing fluorine-containing greenhouse gases, which have a significant impact on global warming.
A team of astronomers has developed a novel way to observe the first stars and galaxies, detecting light through the fog of the early Universe. The Square Kilometre Array will likely make images of the earliest light, but current telescopes struggle to detect the cosmological signal through hydrogen clouds.
Researchers assessed the safety and adverse events of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in long-term care residents in Quebec, Canada. No significant adverse events were reported following the third dose, highlighting the vaccine's effectiveness in this vulnerable population.
Researchers create CDyB, a fluorescent probe that targets SLC35C2 transporter in B cells, allowing for live-cell distinction from T cells. The study enriches the molecular probe toolbox and opens possibilities for multi-dimensional cell analysis.
A new method developed by Iris Fernandes increases topography mapping accuracy on the moon, making it possible for safe landing and robotic movement. The method uses shadows in images to extract exact topography details, eliminating previous computational inefficiencies and assumptions.
A new AI system developed by researchers at Johns Hopkins University has been shown to detect sepsis more accurately and quickly than current methods, potentially saving thousands of lives. The system uses computational simulation and modeling to analyze patient data and identify early warning signs of sepsis.
A new study estimates that over 160 million women and adolescents worldwide need contraception but lack access to it, with significant disparities in use across regions and age groups. The study found that young women, particularly those aged 15-24, face the highest levels of unmet need, amounting to 43 million globally.
A new report identifies the top 10 financial actors influencing the fossil fuel economy and outlines their decisive role in helping de-carbonize our future. The study suggests that these influential actors, including investment advisors and governments, can make transformative changes to reduce fossil fuel production.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck developed a quantum computer that can perform arbitrary calculations using quantum digits (qudits), exceeding classical computers' efficiency. This innovation unlocks more computational power with fewer quantum particles.
As extreme heatwaves ravage the globe, scientists warn that only 8% of the world's poorest people have access to air conditioning. By 2050, 70% of the population may require AC, with 92% needed in India and Indonesia. This demands massive infrastructure upgrades to prevent lives from being lost.
The University of Wisconsin Oshkosh has been awarded a nearly $1 million NSF grant to increase and retain women in academic STEM departments. The team plans to create a web-based dashboard to track progress related to gender inequities and assist departments in creating equitable policies.
Researchers developed an immuno-infrared sensor that detects Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, including amyloid-beta misfolding, up to 17 years before clinical symptoms. The sensor shows high accuracy in identifying individuals at risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia.
A team of researchers developed a clonal barcoding approach to track live cancer cells, enabling the detection and isolation of precise clones responsible for tumor formation and early metastases. This technology has the potential to be applied to other cell-based studies, providing valuable insights into biological processes.
Researchers developed an AI-driven device that detects and predicts hemodynamic instability using a single ECG lead, outperforming traditional vital sign measurements with nearly 97% sensitivity. The technology has the potential to provide continuous dynamic monitoring capabilities in patients with intermittent static vital sign measur...
A set of genes promoting sweet taste sensation also regulate protein management in flies, according to a new study. The finding suggests a connection between taste-related genes and disorders of protein aggregation.
A new study found that children from Kyoto, Japan, waited three times longer for food than for gifts, while those from Boulder, Colorado, waited nearly four times longer for gifts. The study suggests that cultural upbringing plays a significant role in shaping children's self-control and habits.
Researchers explored the potential of osmotic power generation using 2D materials, which can efficiently generate electricity from the concentration difference between seawater and river water. The technology has the potential to produce one terawatt of electricity annually, making it a promising alternative to wind and solar power.
Researchers found a flaw in Google/Apple's exposure notification framework that can be exploited for replay attacks, potentially causing false positive notifications and disrupting trust in the system. A patch, called GAEN+, has been developed to address this issue using coarse location data from Wi-Fi access points and cell phone towers.
Researchers have discovered the genetic basis of natural resistance in cassava to mosaic disease, which is transmitted by whiteflies and causes significant yield losses. The gene, known as CMD2, is a DNA polymerase that corrects errors during replication, making it essential for the virus's survival.
Researchers found evidence of extreme police brutality and forced expulsions of hundreds of asylum seekers from Croatia, with over 25,000 people affected. The study also reveals the use of 'chain pushbacks' involving multiple EU countries and Croatian police violence against migrants.
A multidisciplinary team at UVA Health will use deep brain stimulation to treat refractory neuropathic pain, aiming to modulate pain signals from the insula. The study may shed light on the fundamental nature of pain and identify biological indicators for effective treatment.
Researchers have developed a pulsed MRI system that can safely deliver drugs to the brain by opening the blood-brain barrier. The device uses tailored electromagnetic waveforms to target specific regions of the brain, reducing unwanted side effects.
The FAST HI survey has discovered 544 HI-detected galaxies, including 16 that have no optical counterparts, sparking interest in galaxy formation theory. These 'dark' galaxies may represent a new type of object containing dark matter and HI gas but few stars.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science create new method for producing heterolayer coordination nanosheets with improved properties and controllability. The study expands the diversity of 2D materials, enabling potential applications in optoelectronics and renewable energy.
Research waste in ecology is estimated to be between 82-89% due to issues with study design, publication, and result reporting. The largest loss occurs at the beginning of the research lifecycle, highlighting the need for urgent action to optimize scientific processes.
A recent study found higher antibody titers after the third and fourth Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine doses in individuals aged 60 or older. This population is at high risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 disease, making timely vaccination crucial.
Scientists have developed a new method to estimate the impact of black carbon from wildfires on climate change, using measurements of light absorption by coated soot particles. The study provides a more accurate way to forecast global climate change and resolves a long-standing uncertainty in earth system models.
Researchers have developed a novel COVID-19 vaccine based on altered plasmid DNA that effectively blocks cell infection across all tested variants. The vaccine targets a specific vulnerability in the SARS-CoV-2 virus's spike protein, inducing a focused antibody response.
Researchers have experimentally demonstrated high carrier mobility in cubic boron arsenide, a crucial advance for next-gen electronics. The material offers promise for applications requiring both high electron and hole mobility.
A recent study found that patients vividly remember the way they were told they had their condition, which affects their perception of vision loss and interactions with others. Clinicians should consider empathetic communication when delivering bad news to minimize long-term psychological impact.
NAFLD affects over 25% of the US population, with 7-20% in lean body build. Researchers compiled clinical practice update to diagnose and manage NAFLD among lean persons, providing guidance for clinicians.
Researchers have created a new DNA atlas that provides insights into how genes in specific cells contribute to coronary artery disease. The atlas identifies over 200 independent genetic markers associated with disease risk, offering a potential roadmap for interpreting non-coding variants.
A recent study has identified numerous previously undiscovered asteroids within Earth's orbit, including an asteroid with an orbital period around the Sun. These discoveries highlight the potential of telescopic surveys to track near-Earth objects and provide crucial data on their formation.
A recent study published in European Heart Journal suggests that women can reduce the negative effects of salt in their diet by consuming potassium-rich foods such as bananas, avocados, and salmon. The research found that dietary potassium was linked to lower blood pressure, particularly in women with high salt intake.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered a new pathway to regenerate insulin in pancreatic stem cells, which could lead to new therapies for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The study uses a drug approved by the US FDA to reactivate dormant insulin-producing cells, paving the way for potential treatments.
Researchers discovered that trap-jaw ants use a combination of head tendon and exoskeleton energy storage to drive perfectly circular mandible rotations. This mechanism allows the ants to repeatedly strike victims without damaging themselves.
UC San Diego Professor Thomas Murphy warns that economic growth is unlikely to continue indefinitely due to diminishing resources. He uses historical data and calculations to illustrate the point that energy consumption and waste heat will accelerate, leading to severe environmental consequences.
A new resilience sensing system can identify areas in danger of collapse and measure the success of conservation efforts. Global average resilience has declined over the last 20 years, with regions such as the Amazon rainforest showing signs of loss of resilience.