A new study from Aarhus University found that breathing impacts our emotions, attention, and how we process the outside world. Brain rhythms are closely tied to the rhythm of breathing, making us more sensitive to the outside world when breathing in.
Researchers developed a new method to manufacture manganese bismuth (MnBi) magnets using microstructure engineering. The process resulted in increased coercivity and reduced magnetization, making it suitable for high-power permanent magnets.
Researchers investigated Aicardi-Goutières syndrome and found that viral RNA recognition drives uncontrolled interferon production. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells due to the failure of safety mechanisms to distinguish between viral and host genetic material.
Researchers found that females have an advantage at the molecular level, with high NRF2 activity protecting against ferroptosis and promoting kidney resilience. This discovery suggests that female hormonal environments could be therapeutically harnessed to improve kidney repair in both sexes.
Researchers identified a genetic variant that predisposes people to being slim, carried by 60% of Europeans. The variant affects the amount of fat stored in the body and is associated with the biochemical signalling pathway that tells cells what nutrients are available.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a new method for creating high-quality contacts between metal and semiconductor materials, enabling faster and more efficient computer chips. The technology uses crystalline aluminium and a sophisticated silicon-germanium layer system to overcome the problem of oxygen contamination.
Researchers at MIT have created biomedical devices made from aluminum that can be disintegrated by exposing them to a liquid metal called eutectic gallium-indium. This process could eliminate the need for surgical or endoscopic procedures to remove medical devices, such as staples and stents.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered a unique phase transition in crystals that combines crystalline and amorphous characteristics. This finding has significant implications for developing hybrid materials with improved properties for use in extreme environments, such as outer space.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that wage and benefit violations are the primary reason for high turnover rates among global apparel factory workers. The study suggests that companies prioritize profit over worker well-being, leading to poor working conditions. As European governments develop new laws to regulate co...
Researchers discovered that expressing Vpu in infected cells makes them more difficult for non-neutralizing antibodies to target, allowing the virus to evade the immune system. The study provides valuable insights into developing effective vaccines against HIV-1.
Researchers found histamine releases HMGB1 in vascular endothelial cells, leading to severe symptoms. Administering anti-HMGB1 antibody attenuated hypotension and improved recovery rates.
A novel multi-modal image retrieval system, DenseBert4Ret, has been developed by researchers from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) using deep learning algorithms. The system outperforms state-of-the-art models in retrieving images based on both image and text features.
A novel insulin-like peptide hormone, INSL3, remains consistent throughout a man's life, making it a reliable predictive biomarker for age-linked disease. High levels of INSL3 in young men correlate with a range of age-related illnesses, while low levels increase the risk of acquiring these diseases.
Researchers generated induced pluripotent stem cells and cerebral organoids from the last male Malaysian Sumatran rhino, enabling study of brain development and potentially aiding in breeding program. The technology holds promise for fighting extinction of critically endangered species.
A new technique analyzing urine extracellular vesicles can detect changes in the kidneys earlier than conventional methods and predict renal function decline. This method has the potential to develop new urine tests that can catch the disease earlier, as well as similar tests for other diseases.
Aston University scientist Dr Maria Pimenta da Costa Ocampo provides tailored low-carbon advice to clothes designer Debbie Murphy of Missfit Creations. The advice helps reduce carbon emissions by analyzing the recirculation of second-hand clothes, achieving CO2 equivalent of three tonnes.
Researchers used event system theory to analyze how past pandemics, including the Black Death, were caused by cumulative events leading up to a transformation. They found similar patterns in human behavior and societal responses, highlighting the importance of understanding historical events to address current crises.
A novel radiopharmaceutical treatment targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen effectively shrinks prostate tumors in mice, with minimal impact on major organs. Researchers plan to launch a clinical trial for refractory prostate cancer patients in two years.
A study using mRNA and miRNA expression profiles identified molecular signatures that can differentiate muscle invasive bladder cancer patients who respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from those who do not. The research found distinct gene pathways and subtypes associated with response, which may lead to more effective treatment delivery.
Researchers believe that changes in the brain's orexin system promote drug-seeking behavior and that existing insomnia treatments could reduce or eliminate cravings. Studies have shown that blocking this system reverses addiction in animals and reduces opioid cravings in human subjects.
Biomimetic synthesis of magnetosomes with high magnetic targeting efficiency was constructed, demonstrating an order of magnitude improvement in penetrability compared to existing nanodrugs. The new nanoparticles successfully penetrated tumor tissues in a mouse model, providing a promising carrier for magnetic targeting delivery.
Research found tomatoes increased gut microbiome diversity and shifted bacteria toward a more favorable profile in young pigs. The findings suggest a potential link between tomato consumption and improved health outcomes in humans.
The AlphaFold2 AI model has contributed 25% more high-quality protein structures to existing species, aiding in understanding protein function and designing targeted drugs for cancer. Despite limitations, its impact will transform life sciences with new computational tools.
Scientists have created a magnetic material that can mimic how the brain stores information, allowing for potential breakthroughs in neuromorphic computing. The material enables controlled updating of information without external voltage, opening doors to new logic functions and neural learning emulation.
Co-infection with gut parasites increases shedding of respiratory bugs like Bordetella bacterium, leading to higher probability of onward transmission. This study in rabbits has broad implications for human populations and suggests targeting treatment of helminths could be an effective way to reduce disease outbreaks.
A study published in The EMBO Journal reveals that the anterior cingulate cortex is activated in female mice acquiring maternal behavior through repeated experience with pups. This discovery provides a potential basis for developing therapeutic options for postpartum depression and other conditions disrupting mother-child bonding.
Radiation-tolerant photovoltaic cell designs could improve satellite performance by reducing radiation damage and increasing device longevity. The new ultra-thin solar cells outperform thicker devices in proton radiation tests, with nearly 3.5 times less cover glass needed for the same amount of power after 20 years.
Researchers developed a 'leapfrog design' to efficiently test new psychological interventions. This method allows for the quick identification of ineffective interventions and rapid integration of new findings, leading to faster optimization of existing treatments.
Researchers analyzed human characteristics, path risk elements, and path network configuration in flood evacuation route choices. Their findings suggest that residents rely on safety perception rather than spatial logic when selecting evacuation routes.
A Stanford-led study found that cover cropping in the US Corn Belt leads to yield losses of 5.5% for corn and 3.5% for soybeans, despite its potential climate benefits. The practice's environmental impacts are complex, with reduced runoff and soil erosion but also increased water usage.
A new study suggests that frequent mandatory COVID-19 testing can lead to increased riskier behavior among participants, particularly women. Students who believed the testing reduced their risk of contracting the virus attended more indoor gatherings and frequented restaurants and bars.
Researchers have identified a new gene, NUCL-1, in the transparent roundworm C. elegans, which is linked to human neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS and Alzheimer's. The discovery challenges recent theories on the role of nuclear structures in these disorders.
A new study by the University of Arizona found that tropical cyclones often follow extreme heat, which can be a major hazard after a storm. The research team analyzed 53 tropical cyclones and found that cities' heat index values were always warmer than average after the storm.
Researchers have discovered two novel drugs that can block the growth and shrink the size of schwannoma tumors, a type of nerve sheath tumor found in the nervous system. The treatment works by inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway, which is dysregulated in multiple types of cancer.
Researchers found a strong association between outpatient electrolyte abnormalities and subsequent eating disorder diagnoses, suggesting these abnormalities may serve as a screening tool. The median time from the earliest abnormality to diagnosis exceeded one year.
A new study found that childhood traumas have significant impacts on adult health risks, with physical illnesses like obesity and chronic pain being affected. Mental disorders show the most significant association, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder, substance abuse, and depression.
A new study led by Stefani Crabtree reveals that sustainable practices are often hindered by the flow of information between humans and their environments. The research provides a framework to assess how societies interact with their environments for good or ill, guiding environmental decision-making.
The American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS) named Dr. Sarah Kamel of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and Dr. Ankur Goyal of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences as Melvin Figley and Lee Rogers Fellows in Radiology Journalism, respectively. They will receive expert instruction in scientific writing and communication through the...
A novel AI-based malware detection and classification system has been developed for 5G-enabled Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems. The system achieved an accuracy rate of 97% on benchmark datasets, enabling the secure connection of applications such as smart cities and autonomous vehicles.
Researchers studied albino mice to understand how the neural circuitry of vision develops and can be disrupted, finding that a gene controlling cell birthing is perturbed in albinism. The study identified a potential therapeutic target by revving up this gene, which improved depth perception in albino mice.
Research found that large asset managers with common share ownership are positively associated with corporate social responsibility. They focus on reducing industry-wide risks, such as environmental responsibility and worker safety, by holding similar companies.
Researchers found that female tiger sharks that frequently visit Tiger Beach in the Bahamas are larger and have higher hormone levels than other individuals. The study suggests possible effects of mass tourism on these sharks, with females having better nutritional states and more omega-3 in their blood.
Researchers have discovered a synthetic sulfide mineral that converts heat into electricity efficiently and safely. The novel material, composed of copper, manganese, germanium, and sulfur, shows two crystal structures within the same material and has a stable temperature range up to 400 degrees Celsius.
Recent research suggests that racial prejudice within communities predicts the militarization of local police departments. In contrast, communicating scientific consensus appears to be an effective way to change factual beliefs about contested science topics. Additionally, studies have found that happy people tend to overestimate their...
A new controlled-release device has been tested at UMass Amherst for its effectiveness in preventing tick bites. The device uses synthetic pyrethroids to create a spatial repellent that alters the behavior of ticks, making them less likely to climb and more likely to detach or fall off. The results show promising promise in reducing th...
A new atlas reveals extreme differences in urban built-up heights globally, with the Global South having nearly as much infrastructure as the Global North. This data can inform city planning and economic development efforts to address inequality and climate change.
A University of Michigan study found that Americans who earned a college degree and took required science courses developed a general level of biological literacy, enabling them to make informed policy judgments about the COVID-19 pandemic. This education gap was particularly pronounced among those with limited scientific knowledge, in...
A new analysis reveals that US adolescent e-cigarette use is increasing in intensity, with a significant rise in nicotine addiction over the past few years. The study found that 2.55 million adolescents use e-cigarettes, and 27.6% of them use it daily.
Research suggests digital marketing of formula milk and commercial baby foods is linked to unhealthy parental feeding practices. Parents exposed to extensive digital marketing were less likely to exclusively breastfeed within the first 6 months and more likely to give their children processed foods and sugary drinks.
Researchers found significant decline in vaccine confidence among adults since pre-pandemic surveys, regardless of age, gender, education, and ethnicity. Post-pandemic participants reported a fall in confidence in vaccines, with nearly one in four experiencing a decrease.
Researchers from LP3 Laboratory developed a light-based technique for local material processing in three-dimensional space of semiconductor chips. They successfully fabricated embedded structures inside Si and GaAs materials, which cannot be 3D processed with conventional ultrafast lasers.
Researchers have developed perennial rice that allows farmers to plant once and harvest up to eight times, reducing labor and costs. The crop provides significant environmental benefits, including improved soil quality and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
A study by Linköping University finds that current measurement methods are insufficient for reducing emissions and meeting the Paris Agreement's 2°C target. The researchers highlight the need for cheap and easy-to-use methods to track all types of greenhouse gas emissions at a local level.
Researchers found that bypass surgery resulted in a 32% lower risk of major medical events related to CLTI, as well as significant reductions in repeat surgeries and amputations. Adults without optimal veins for the bypass had no significant differences in outcomes between open bypass and endovascular procedures.
A randomized controlled trial found that oral ENT-01 significantly improves constipation and possibly neurological symptoms in persons with Parkinson disease. The treatment is safe for up to 25 days, with a dose-dependent effect that persists beyond the treatment period.
Researchers found that the presence of one Mindbomb1 mutation does not always lead to non-compaction cardiomyopathy, but depends on genetic context provided by other gene mutations. The study identified modifier genes contributing to disease severity and diversity in affected individuals.
VEViD, a physics-based algorithm, corrects poor illumination and low contrast in images captured in low-light conditions. The algorithm improves visual quality for human perception and increases accuracy of computer vision algorithms.
Researchers discovered that a ketogenic diet high in saturated fats can reprogram the mouse immune system, making it better at fighting off infections but more susceptible to systemic inflammatory conditions. The study also found that another type of fat, oleic acid, may be able to counteract the harmful effects of palmitic acid.
A new University of Illinois study reveals that maize prices do not always rise after harvest in Sub-Saharan African markets, with prices falling 16.3% of the time. This uncertainty leads farmers to make decisions based on guesswork, considering storage expenses and risks of spoilage and loss.
Carter School researchers Karina Korostelina and Susan Allen received $499,960 funding from the US Department of State for research on contact theory in democracy and governance. The grant will support their work until September 2025.