Researchers developed XGBoost machine learning models using de-identified EHR data from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative to identify potential long-COVID patients. The models achieved high accuracy, identifying key features such as post-COVID respiratory symptoms and pre-existing risk factors for acute COVID severity.
A new study published in Scientific Reports provides definitive evidence for the origin of Herod the Great's luxurious alabaster bathtubs. Analytical methods distinguish calcite-alabaster from Egypt and confirm quarries in Israel, challenging long-held assumptions.
Researchers at Universitat Politècnica de València have developed 3D-printed acoustic holograms that can open the blood-brain barrier, allowing for precise administration of therapeutic drugs to treat Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The technology enables controlled focusing of ultrasonic beams on specific brain structures.
Researchers develop an all-optical approach using photoluminescence to analyze radiative and nonradiative recombination processes in semiconductors. By combining Raman spectroscopy with PL data, they can extract quantitative information on carrier recombination dynamics, including defect density and capture cross-sections.
A new study found that time-restricted eating can reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in older breast cancer survivors with cardiometabolic risk factors. After eight weeks of restricting food intake to 8 hours a day, participants showed a 15% decrease in CVD risk.
Researchers propose that Ceres was formed outside the Frost Line, where ammonia ice is abundant, and then pulled into the Asteroid Belt by gravitational instability. Computer simulations support this hypothesis, showing that giant planet formation led to a turbulent environment that scattered objects into stable orbits.
A new study reveals that wild chimpanzees produce hundreds of diverse vocal sequences, combining up to ten call types, and exhibit structured communication patterns. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that non-human primates lack complex vocal communication systems.
Global warming is expected to destabilize Caribbean coral populations, leading to bleaching and extinction. Coral reefs support the seafood industry, coastal communities, and tourism, with a net economic value estimated in tens of billions of dollars.
A Texas A&M AgriLife team has described several protein structures of the C1 domain of protein kinase C, providing a reliable guide for designing drug candidates. The research sheds light on how C1 domains bind ligands and could lead to new treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, AIDS, and cancer.
Research published at ATS 2022 found that historically redlined neighborhoods in California have higher COVID-19 case and death rates, with incidence rates 3.34 times higher than non-redlined areas
The Nurses and Allied Professionals community is being recognized for their dedication and skills in advancing cardiovascular care. The Andreas Grüntzig Ethica Award celebrates their expertise, physical presence, and impact on patient care.
A recent study found that COVID-19 mortality rates in the United States were significantly higher among younger adults and minority groups compared to older adults and white populations. The research also revealed disparities in mortality rates by sex, with women experiencing lower mortality rates than men.
A new study from Finland found that adolescent athletes' motivation for school and sports are strongly related, with female students generally showing higher motivation for both. Male students tend to be less interested in school, but not in sports, suggesting a need for targeted support to develop their academic motivation.
The study found that silencing cellulase enzymes increases the rate of infection but limits the pathogen's ability to spread, paving the way for new control methods. Fusarium oxysporum is a highly lethal fungus affecting over 100 crops, with its spores remaining in soil for up to 20 years.
A new algorithm forecasts which hospitalized patients are at the highest risk of death from COVID-19, regardless of immune protection status or virus variant. The tool, called COVID-19 Disease Outcome Predictor (CODOP), uses blood measurements to predict prognosis and can help direct critical care resources.
A new study has shown that Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is just as effective as conventional open-heart surgery in treating severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. The procedure offers a safer and faster recovery for patients, with improved symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life at 6 weeks.
Scientists have developed a new material that conducts heat 150% more efficiently than conventional materials, enabling smaller, faster microelectronics. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient electronic devices powered by microchips that consume less energy and reduce carbon emissions.
China's terrestrial carbon sequestration is expected to increase significantly over the next few decades, with estimates suggesting it can offset a substantial portion of the country's energy-related CO2 emissions. By 2060, China's terrestrial carbon sequestration could account for 13-18% of peak CO2 emissions.
Researchers have developed a new NMR method to monitor fast biomolecular events like protein folding, enabled by hyperpolarized water. This technique enhances signal intensities by up to 10,000-fold, allowing for real-time monitoring and tracking of individual amino acids.
Scientists from Ruhr-University Bochum argue that selfless memories are possible and should be taken seriously. They propose the Bochum model of memory, which suggests that people construct a vivid memory by enriching a stored memory trace with background knowledge and adding self-facets.
The study reveals that ZNG1 is a protein that puts zinc into other 'client' proteins, playing a crucial role in regulating cellular zinc homeostasis. ZNG1's identification opens up a new area of biology for exploration and may be one of the most important regulatory strategies by which humans cope with severe zinc starvation.
A new 2D-based photodetector made from layered ternary telluride InSiTe3 exhibits ultrafast response speed and broadband detection capabilities. It can detect light across the ultraviolet to near-infrared optical communication region.
A new perspective published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition recommends strategies to prevent future shortages and regain public trust. Strategies include a thorough, public process to instill confidence in safe production, assessment of supply system factors, and evaluation of business practices.
Scientists discovered that commensal fungi like Candida albicans need to be alive and actively producing proteins to elicit a beneficial immune response. The fungus oscillates between high and low expression of the UME6 gene, signaling its benefits to the body.
Researchers studied naked mole-rats' skin using single-cell RNA-seq to understand its remarkable stability against aging. They found no changes in epidermal gene expression with age and a unique keratinocyte differentiation trajectory that remained intact.
Researchers developed a metasurface-based device that produces multiple distinct holographic images depending on the surrounding medium and wavelength of light used. The device can be used for encryption, humidity sensing, or biomedical applications.
A new study suggests that nearly 40% of developed fossil fuel reserves need to stay in the ground to keep global warming below 1.5°C. The research also highlights the importance of decommissioning existing extraction facilities, rather than just stopping new development.
The study found that intercropping with herbaceous crops, such as purslane and broad beans, increases nitrogen and organic carbon content in the soil, reducing erosion and run-off. Economically, intercropping can lead to increased production costs but also potential profits for farmers.
A UOC study finds that effective feedback requires a two-way dialogue between teachers and students, helping them bridge gaps in knowledge and skills. Students' emotional responses to feedback also play a crucial role, with positive emotions fostering engagement and improvement.
The study found that the fragile X protein regulates the opening and closing of the GABA-A receptor in neurons from the brain's memory center, influencing how such neurons process information. This nuanced understanding may hold the key to developing effective therapies for fragile X syndrome.
A community-focused approach led by Boston Medical Center significantly improved COVID-19 vaccination uptake in historically disinvested Black and Latino communities. The initiative administered over 100,000 first doses, with a focus on mobile vaccination events and community-based clinics.
A new study reveals that Denisovans could adapt to extreme climates, changing our understanding of their geographical distribution. The discovery was made through palaeoproteomics analysis and geometric morphometric studies on a human molar found in northern Laos.
Researchers aim to develop an audio health library to enhance communication during triadic visits. The study will analyze primary care visits and conduct user-design sessions to refine the system.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that mRNA vaccines show better protection against COVID-19 variants compared to viral vector vaccines. The research, conducted among healthcare workers, revealed higher neutralizing antibody responses in mRNA vaccine recipients against VOCs, including Omicron.
Researchers develop innovative scheme to manipulate light with orthogonal circular polarization and conjugated PB phase in a single layer. They successfully generate reflective optical vortex and vector beams with enhanced efficiency and compact configuration.
Researchers discovered that adaptive immune response against TB matures over time, with key players in immunity becoming activated by three months after infection. The emergence of these activated T cells is inversely correlated with the number of granuloma-contained live bacteria, suggesting they play critical roles in bacterial control.
Australian secondary students' math rankings have dropped to 29th place globally, with a new study suggesting hand gestures are crucial for understanding mathematical concepts. Online learning has exacerbated the issue, making it harder for students to grasp math concepts without human motor and sensory skills.
A Korean research team has developed a gold recovery process with the world's highest recovery efficiency of 99.9%. The technology uses a capsule-type material that traps gold ions and prevents clogging, allowing for repeated recycling. This innovation can lead to significant cost savings and environmental benefits.
A recent study found that 70% of adults with stage 3 or 4 cancer were at risk of drug-drug interactions, highlighting the importance of deprescribing medications to avoid harm. The study's results emphasize the need for education and problem-solving to address polypharmacy in older adults with cancer.
A study found that climatic conditions during the extreme 2021 spring drought in SWC were distinct from similar historical events. Researchers identified atmospheric internal variability and a warming trend as key drivers of the drought, with high temperatures contributing significantly to its severity.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified a zinc chaperone protein called ZNG1, which delivers zinc to the enzyme MAP1. This discovery reveals a key mechanism used by all living things to transport zinc, essential for survival and enzyme function.
Researchers found that improved wind forecasts resulted in at least $384 million in energy savings for US consumers over the last decade. The study used NOAA's HRRR model to compare forecast accuracy and quantify cost savings.
A CNIC team has created a dynamic 3D atlas of the formation of the heart during embryonic and fetal development, allowing for the identification of the first appearance of left–right asymmetry in the heart. This study provides important information on the development of congenital heart malformations.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a theoretical framework to explain how cancers caused by multiple genetic mutations can be identified and potentially stopped. By analyzing energy landscapes of cellular transformation pathways, they found that the most dominant pathways are favored by chance.
Researchers at UNIGE discovered that temperature changes trigger organ-specific effects in all tissues, leading to distinct gene expression profiles. The study's web-based application provides access to thousands of gene expression profiles, enabling further research and potential therapeutic applications.
A new vine removal technique called spatial roguing can significantly reduce the incidence of leafroll disease in commercial vineyards. Removing two vines on either side of a diseased grapevine creates a barrier that eliminates the mealybugs' means of transporting the virus, leading to a rapid decline in disease incidence.
Researchers discovered banded iron formations as a new geochemical archive to study the early Earth's evolution. They found that iron- and silica-rich layers deposited from seawater can record the Earth's mantle and crust development. This approach offers new insights into the Precambrian Earth.
Researchers at NIST developed a new, faster, and more accessible method for screening skin allergens without animal testing. The electrophilic allergen screening assay (EASA) achieved similar results to existing methods with 77% agreement rate, paving the way for potential standardization and increased international trade.
The Tianwen-1 mission has successfully observed solar wind plasma upstream of Mars, revealing several large-scale solar wind disturbances and consistent tendencies with other Mars missions. The joint observation will bring new opportunities for studying the evolution of the Martian atmosphere and paleoclimate.
A McMaster University research team found that Type I interferon regulates the immune response to target infected tissues, preventing bystander damage. The study used mice and COVID-19 patient data to investigate IFN's role in regulating a potentially dangerous immune response.
This study analyzed supportive evidence for FDA approvals of 49 novel drugs in 2020. The study's findings provide insight into the key design characteristics of pivotal trials supporting these drug approvals.
Scientists discovered that mineral water derived from deep-sea water can improve cognitive and coordinative functions in obese mice. The researchers found that treatment with DSW extract-added water significantly increased hippocampal NGF secretion and decreased serum parameters, indicating a positive impact on renal function.
The USPSTF and ADA now recommend screening adults as young as 35 for diabetes. A new study estimates the proportion of asymptomatic adults who are eligible for screening based on these guidelines, particularly among those with prediabetes or undiagnosed diabetes.
A large study published in Radiology found that women with dense breast tissue and benign breast disease are at increased risk of developing breast cancer. The study, which included over 3.9 million Korean women, suggests that these women may benefit from supplemental screening with MRI or ultrasound.
Researchers studied aerodynamics of bird perching maneuvers to understand the mechanisms that enhance lift and improve landing stability. They found that swept-wing motion stabilizes leading-edge vortex, leading to better landings in birds and potentially in aircraft.
The COVID-19 pandemic saw a devastating rise in adolescent mental health crises, with 60% of admitted patients exhibiting suicidal ideation or attempting suicide. Mental health admissions increased for depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and substance-related disorders, particularly among girls.
Researchers found rocket exhaust gases can remain high in altitude, producing thermal nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide that can affect the Earth's climate. The team modeled fluid dynamics of rocket exhaust gases to understand the impact on atmospheric pollution.
Researchers from CU Boulder suggest that ancient moon volcanoes may have spewed out huge amounts of water vapor, forming stores of ice on the lunar surface. This discovery adds to evidence that the moon may be awash in more water than previously believed, with potential implications for future lunar missions.
A recent cohort study found that previous cardiovascular conditions, including heart surgery and heart failure, were associated with increased COVID-19 severity in US pediatric patients. The study highlights the importance of pre-existing medical conditions in determining COVID-19 outcomes in children.
A research team developed a model that mimics human judgment to distinguish between reflective and transparent materials. The model outperformed humans in accuracy but struggled to identify image clues.