Researchers discovered that immune cells create local gradients by consuming chemokines, guiding their movement and enhancing directional movement in complex environments. This finding increases understanding of coordinated immune responses and may reveal new strategies for targeting cancer
Researchers found that footballers wearing jerseys featuring small numbers were rated as more slender, while those wearing big numbers were perceived as larger. The study suggests that visual perception may be influenced by cognitive biases.
A new study by Tufts University reveals that nearly 36 million people in the US live behind levees, but many are from vulnerable populations, including minorities, people with disabilities, and low-income individuals. The study highlights alarming disparities in population density behind levees compared to those on higher ground, parti...
A European research grant will help understand the behavioral and genetic links to obesity by mapping factors that predict weight loss success. Machine learning and health data from Estonian Biobank will be used to aggregate over 200 proposed predictors, identifying potentially more effective causal factors of weight change.
Researchers found that patients' immune systems play a vital role in determining the duration of remission from multiple myeloma. Sustained minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity is associated with prolonged survival, with patients achieving MRD negativity for at least two years remaining free from multiple myeloma 10 years later.
A new survey found that non-binary and transgender individuals in California experienced severe emotional impact from physical and sexual violence. The study also revealed significant disparities in violence among minority and economically distressed people, highlighting the need for targeted prevention efforts and services.
A study by the American Chemical Society found that rubber plumbing seals can release additives into drinking water, including 1,3 diphenylguanidine and N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine. The leaked compounds can form unwanted byproducts, which may pose a human health risk.
A recent study found that grasses account for over half of the soil carbon content across tropical savannas, including soils directly beneath trees. The researchers' findings suggest that increasing tree cover in these ecosystems has a negligible impact on soil carbon storage.
Salk researchers have identified a new set of molecules that fuel the growth of tumors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common type of pancreatic cancer. The study found that activating a super-enhancer leads to an increase in protein production, enabling rapid cell growth.
Scientists have developed a new material that can store data even when power is off, using thermally reversible switching. This breakthrough could lead to devices with longer lifetimes and improved sustainability.
Researchers at Flinders University used eye-tracking technology to improve online assessments for older people with dementia, allowing them to self-report quality of life and care. The study found that this approach can provide accurate data for policy makers and practitioners.
A subgroup analysis found that patients with an NPM1 mutation had a 48% reduced risk of death compared to those without the mutation. Patients receiving supplementation experienced lower rates of bacterial infections, bleeding, and inflammation during intensive chemotherapy.
Researchers found that adding niobium oxide to silicate glass increases bond density and connectivity, enhancing mechanical and thermal stability. This discovery could lead to the development of innovative glass formulations for various applications, including optics, medicine, and data transmission.
A study found that high intake of certain emulsifiers (E460-E468, E471, E472) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The researchers suggest that these findings have important public health implications and may contribute to re-evaluation of food additive regulations.
A novel AI system developed by City University of Hong Kong improves predictive accuracy in dense traffic, reducing latency and increasing efficiency. QCNet achieves speed and accuracy in predicting road users' movements, even with long-term predictions, making autonomous driving safer and more human-like.
The State of the Climate report confirms record highs in greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea levels, and ocean heat content. Scientists from over 60 countries contributed to the annual review, providing a comprehensive update on Earth's climate indicators and notable weather events.
Researchers created a comprehensive molecular tree of camel spiders, revealing two main groups in the Americas and their relationships. The study also found that camel spiders began evolving around 250-300 million years ago during the Permian period.
Researchers at Van Andel Institute have identified a key part of a mechanism that annotates genetic information before it is passed from fathers to their offspring. The findings shed new light on genomic imprinting, a fundamental biological process linked to diseases such as Silver-Russell syndrome and certain cancers.
A team of Chinese and UK researchers has identified superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as a potential target for reversing drug resistance in ovarian cancer. By using nanoparticles to deliver siRNA that reduces SOD1 levels, the study showed reduced growth and decreased resistance to cisplatin in female mice.
A study of 10,258 US adolescents found that victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying were more likely to experience eating disorder symptoms. Cyberbullying was associated with worrying about weight gain, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction.
A new report highlights Vietnam's high reptile diversity, with 484 known species, including 74 threatened with extinction. The study recommends increasing breeding populations to maintain suitable numbers for restocking, and modern zoos can play a crucial role in conservation efforts.
Researchers at IU School of Medicine have discovered a critical gene mutation in the PLCG2 gene that heightens the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study found specific rare variants that elevated or reduced the susceptibility to the disease, shedding light on the genetic underpinnings.
A study of twins found that having a concussion early in life is tied to lower scores on tests of thinking and memory skills decades later. The twin who had a concussion showed faster decline in those scores compared to their identical twin with no history of TBI.
Patients taking non-selective beta-blockers for knee pain have a 54% reduced risk of undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Prolonged use and high adherence to treatment also showed strong protective effects.
A Kyoto University team reveals the Dumpy protein as the key factor in controlling 3D tissue structures through external cues. This finding challenges traditional understanding of morphogenesis and opens up new avenues for manufacturing controllable 3D tissue folding with coordinated cell behaviors.
A comprehensive review of over 70 years of menopause science emphasizes the need for more research into symptom timeline and treatment effectiveness. The authors advocate for holistic, individualized approaches addressing physical and mental health impacts of menopause.
Employing agricultural technology can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by generating net negative emissions, with methods including biochar, agroforestry, and sustainable seafood harvesting. The most effective way to reduce emissions is through soil modifications, agroforestry, and hydrogen-powered fertilizer production.
Researchers using ALMA detected a fully formed magnetic field in a distant galaxy, similar to nearby galaxies, which provides new insights into the formation of galactic-scale magnetic fields. The discovery suggests that intense star formation in the early Universe could have played a role in accelerating the development of these fields.
Scientists have extended a powerful molecule-building method to the broad class of chemicals known as alcohols, enabling the transformation of simple alcohols into useful molecules. The new approach uses weak interactions between ligands and starting molecules, similar to those used by enzymes in nature.
Researchers have found that certain strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are more likely to survive in blood and serum than others, while neutrophils are less effective at killing them. The study suggests a vaccine approach for prevention/treatment of infections may be feasible.
A study by Brigham researchers reveals a 37% increase in out-of-state residents seeking abortion care in Massachusetts after Dobbs, with an estimated 45 additional abortions. Non-profit funding for out-of-state residents increased by nearly ten percent, while in-state residents' use of funding remained relatively stable.
A new framework aims to build climate resilience in Europe's health systems by developing policy-relevant indicators and decision-support tools. The framework combines a holistic approach to address the interconnectedness of animals, humans, and the environment.
The authors scrutinize the 23 quantitative syntheses published over three decades on how plant diversity impacts both natural enemies and herbivores in arthropod communities. They find that plant diversity consistently attracts more abundant and diverse communities of predators, while herbivore diversity tends to increase in response t...
A recent study found that pain in the lower limbs of children and adolescents may indicate the presence or risk of migraines. The study included 100 children with mothers who experienced migraines, with growing pains occurring in half of them. After five years of follow-up, headaches occurred in 76% of participants with growing pains.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that global PM2.5 exposure decreased significantly from 2011 to 2019, largely due to China's air quality management efforts. The study used satellite-derived data and a new regional decomposition approach to quantify local and regional contributions to global PM2.5 pollution.
A study found large increases in cannabis-involved traffic injury emergency department visits in Ontario, Canada. The research suggests that commercialization of non-medical cannabis may have accelerated these incidents, highlighting the need for greater prevention efforts.
Researchers at Pitt Public Health analyzed thousands of human genomes to find new gene variations influencing Alzheimer's disease risk. They identified 15 additional variations in the APOE gene and other genome areas that may influence disease risk, although more research is needed for definitive conclusions.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery leads to an increase in caries and periodontitis, as well as alterations in salivary inflammatory markers. The study's findings emphasize the importance of dental assessment for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Researchers used X-ray tomoscopy to study freeze casting processes, observing the formation of complex, hierarchically structured materials with large surface areas. The technique provided high spatial and temporal resolution, revealing the dynamics of directional ice crystal growth and the formation of organic-looking structures.
Medical cannabis use in Australian patients with chronic health issues is linked to significant improvements in overall health-related quality of life and fatigue levels. Patients also report clinically meaningful reductions in pain and moderate-severe anxiety and depression.
Researchers at UNIST developed a microfluidic system to process blood into artificial tissue scaffolds for vascular regeneration. Autologous blood-based implants demonstrated superior wound closure rates, increased epidermis thickness, and enhanced collagen deposition in rodent skin wounds.
A new battery design without a membrane has been developed by researchers at the University of Cincinnati, offering higher energy density and lower costs. The battery can generate nearly 4 volts of power, eliminating costly and inefficient membrane-separators.
A study found that LGBTIQA+ Australians are 20 times more likely to consider suicide, but face unique barriers to accessing support due to intersecting identities. The research highlights the need for targeted early interventions and affirming services in remote areas.
The National Institute of General Medical Sciences has awarded a five-year grant to Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers to better define the role of XPO1 in cancer. XPO1 is a nuclear export protein shown to play a role in many cancer types, including solid tumors and blood cancers.
A new species, Fujianvenator prodigiosus, exhibits a bizarre assembly of morphologies shared with other avialans, troodontids, and dromaeosaurids. The discovery provides insight into the early evolution of birds and their ecological adaptations.
A new study suggests that treating insomnia can prevent opioid relapse in rats, and potentially in humans. The experimental insomnia drug DORA-12 reduced withdrawal symptoms and prevented drug-seeking behavior in rats experiencing oxycodone withdrawal.
Researchers have created a highly efficient and stable photoelectrode for water splitting using organic semiconductors. The new design overcomes the limitations of traditional inorganic semiconductor-based photoelectrodes, resulting in enhanced hydrogen production efficiency.
A study of autistic, non-autistic neurodivergent, and neurotypical adults in the UK reveals unique pressures faced by autistic workers to mask their traits. The findings highlight the importance of creating a supportive work environment that accommodates individual needs.
A new technology enables automatic identification and quantification of materials microstructure from microscopic images via human-in-the-loop machine learning. This approach reduces annotation costs by using scribble annotations instead of dense annotations, making it more efficient for researchers to analyze materials.
A study published in eBioMedicine identified the mechanism behind rapid vaccine waning in patients on TNF-α blockers for autoimmune diseases like Crohn's and rheumatoid arthritis. Regular booster vaccinations are crucial to maintain protection, especially for those receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
This review summarizes six common RNA modifications, including m6A, m5C, m1A, m7G, Ψ, and A-to-I editing, which play crucial roles in various human diseases. The authors discuss the mechanisms of these modifications and their targeting by small molecule inhibitors.
Researchers found decreased in situ and invasive melanoma diagnoses during the pandemic, which may reflect reduced skin cancer screening. Thick melanomas increased primarily due to a decrease in thin melanomas, rather than an absolute increase in thicker ones.
The CDC's Adapting Clinical Guidelines for the Digital Age (ACG) initiative introduces a new integrated process for developing written and computable clinical practice guidelines. This approach allows for feedback from clinicians and can save time and costs. The goal is to achieve a seamless, efficient, accurate, and consistent transla...
A team of clinical psychologists at VCU Massey Cancer Center is implementing a virtual telehealth therapeutic intervention program to treat insomnia among military members, veterans and their family members with brain cancer. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) will be used as the front-line treatment option.
Researchers have long recognized the potential of phages in fighting bacterial diseases, but their high specificity and unpredictability have limited their use. Tamman's project aims to decipher the mechanisms behind phages' ability to paralyze bacterial defense systems, potentially leading to new antibiotic treatments.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have created a device that mimics biological channels to detect biomolecules indicative of human disease. The bioprotonic system uses electrical currents of protons to translate biomolecule presence into electronic signals, with potential applications for in-vitro and clinical settings.
A new UCLA study reveals that subjects consistently perceive players in jerseys numbered from 10 to 19 as thinner than those in jerseys numbered from 80 to 89, even when body sizes are the same. This finding suggests that learned associations between numbers and sizes influence perception of body size.
Researchers found a 5% sodium hydroxide solution successfully turns live Lebbeck mealybug specimens green, identical to the 10% potassium hydroxide solution. The new alternative is less corrosive, more water soluble and less expensive.
Research finds antipsychotics used inappropriately among home-bound patients with Alzheimer's disease, leading to poorer patient outcomes. Commonly used antipsychotic quetiapine is often prescribed based on behavioral symptoms and limited daily activities.
Researchers at UC Riverside have discovered a new cell type in the thymus that is similar to M cells found in the gut and airways. The newly discovered cells are like gatekeepers, acting as antigen-delivery cells for the immune system in organs such as the intestine and lung.