African Superplume is responsible for rift-parallel deformation and seismic anisotropy in the East African Rift System, contradicting previous theories on plate-driving forces. The study uses 3D thermomechanical modeling to explain this phenomenon.
Researchers found a peptide from venomous fish Thalassophryne nattereri that controls lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. The molecule, TnP, inhibited cytokine production and prevented mucus-producing cell hyperplasia, making it a potential candidate for treating asthma.
Researchers found that a protein called phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase (PI4-kinase) acts as a 'hub' for brain communication by regulating bulk endocytosis. The molecule sustains neurotransmitter release during high brain activity, which is crucial for brain function.
A study of 48,320 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes found that 10.5% achieved remission per 1,000 person-years, with factors such as HbA1c levels, BMI reduction, and sex significantly associated with remission. Those who relapsed had longer durations of diabetes, lower BMI at baseline, and lower BMI reduction over time.
Researchers at Temple University Health System discovered a promising alternative to control hypertension and associated cardiovascular problems. The infused juice concentrate from the Japanese plum was found to attenuate growth-promoting signals induced by angiotensin II, reducing hypertrophy of the aorta and inflammation.
Researchers developed a new method, photoacoustic spectral analysis (PASA), to analyze the tumor microenvironment without invasive procedures. The technique uses laser light and sound waves to identify different types of tumors with high accuracy.
A study analyzed emoji and emoticon use in secure clinical texting systems, finding they primarily convey new and interactionally significant information. The results suggest that emoji use may not undermine professionalism as much as initially thought.
Researchers found that targeting CD69 boosts the differentiation of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in lymph nodes, promoting enhanced anti-tumor activity. This discovery identifies CD69 as a promising therapeutic target for future cancer immunotherapies.
A Boston University study found that healthcare workers experienced high levels of burnout, with 80% citing lack of workplace support as a major contributor. The pandemic's impact on their mental health and family members was also significant.
A new study from Chalmers University of Technology reveals that the marine environment is at risk due to ship emissions, particularly from scrubber discharge water and antifouling paint. The cumulative environmental risk in ports was found to be five and thirteen times higher than acceptable limits.
Researchers developed a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene drive system targeting the Drosophila suzukii doublesex gene, resulting in female sterility and high transmission rates. Mathematical modeling predicts efficient population suppression with low release ratios.
Research from Oregon State University shows that Americans judge the morality of armed self-protection on a case-by-case basis, considering factors like perceived threat and background of the person carrying the gun. The study highlights the complexity of consumer views on gun rights and Second Amendment rights.
A new composite material made of ultra-tiny silicon nanoparticles and an organic element can convert lower-energy light into higher-energy light, enabling the formation of free radicals to attack cancer tissue. The material has potential applications in boosting solar panel efficiency and improving bioimaging technologies.
A new study reveals that Earth's day length may have stalled at 19 hours between 2-1 billion years ago due to tidal resonance caused by the Moon and Sun's opposing forces. This flatlined period could have allowed for a stable atmosphere, enabling photosynthetic bacteria to produce more oxygen each day.
Winship Cancer Institute has received renewal of its National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center designation, solidifying its position as Georgia's only NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. The designation recognizes Winship's strong research programs, robust shared resources, and first-rate scientists.
Researchers have found preliminary evidence supporting quantum gravity models that predict an energy-dependent reduction in speed of ultrarelativistic particles. This effect, expected to be small, has been observed in gamma-ray bursts and ultra-high-energy neutrinos detected by Fermi and IceCube telescopes.
A recent study published in Scientific Data reveals that Finland's most visually appealing bird species are colourful birds, with large birds of prey also ranking high. The top 10 most attractive species include the snowy owl and kingfisher, which receive high scores on a visual aesthetic attractiveness scale.
A new study by NYU sociologists finds that the persistent gender gap in voting for Democrats can be attributed, in part, to the higher proportion of Black women among female voters. The research suggests that this racial composition explains approximately a quarter of the gender gap in voting Democratic.
Researchers found that coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV-2, bind to individual monomeric ACE2 receptors on host cells, rather than forming dimers or oligomers. This interaction is sufficient for infection and contributes to the virus's high infectiousness.
Researchers at Waseda University have developed a novel, completely solid, rechargeable air battery that uses a benzoquinone-based negative electrode and solid Nafion polymer electrolyte. The battery exhibits high performance and close to maximum capacity, overcoming metal-based battery limitations and liquid electrolyte safety concerns.
A study found that patients with atopic dermatitis have a higher proportion of proinflammatory effector T cells and lower suppressive Tregs specific to a particular mite antigen, leading to the development of atopic symptoms.
Researchers found that reduced brain wave strength is linked to cognitive dysfunction in PD patients, suggesting EEG as a diagnostic tool. The study aims to improve diagnosis and develop targeted therapies for cognitive symptoms.
Studies found that low birthweight is independently linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, with younger age at diagnosis and fewer comorbidities. Lower birthweight was also associated with a higher use of diabetes drugs and more severe hypertension.
A recent study has found that long COVID patients experience a chronic inflammatory response, similar to autoimmune diseases. The researchers identified specific molecular markers associated with this condition, which could help guide clinical trial and treatment decisions. Understanding the underlying inflammation is crucial for devel...
Researchers at the University of Sheffield found that gentle cleansers can be just as effective in killing viruses as harsh soaps. The study tested multiple handwash products and found that gentle cleansers were effective against enveloped viruses, while non-enveloped viruses showed greater resistance. Gentle cleansers may provide a sa...
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center develop new methodology to analyze earliest precursor stages of multiple myeloma, revealing substantial genomic and transcriptional heterogeneity. The study identifies potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for high-risk patients.
Researchers emphasize the need for global governance that considers distant and local impacts of human decisions on ecosystems. The metacoupling framework helps understand these interactions and fosters sustainability science for a truly sustainable future.
An Australian interview study suggests that advance research directives (ARD) can facilitate informed consent for people with dementia. The study also highlights the importance of family members as proxy decision-makers. In another article, a competency framework is proposed to improve health research ethics education.
Researchers developed a new spectropolarimetric imaging technique called DIP-SP, which integrates a passive polarization modulator into an imaging spectrometer. This approach enables high-dimensional information capture from incomplete measurements and significantly improves image quality.
A new study found that NHS policies on patient's weight affecting access to hip replacement surgery are inappropriate and worsen health inequalities. The study analyzed nearly 490,000 hip surgeries and found a link between BMI policies and decreased surgery rates in deprived areas.
A new SCIVVS approach accelerates probiotics quality assessment by rapidly counting live bacteria, identifying species, and testing viability in just five hours. The method also tracks the source of individual cells in a sample, promising to transform current practice in quality control and intellectual-property protection.
Peter Becker at George Mason University received significant funding to explore high-energy plasma phenomena in the sun's atmosphere. The research aims to understand events that can impact radio communications on Earth, with a focus on large flares and coronal mass ejection events.
A study by University of Waterloo researchers reveals that Canada's carbon price regime exposes high-emitting industries to significant default risks, with assets worth $256 billion at risk. Financial lenders must consider carbon emissions in credit risk assessments to mitigate this risk.
A researcher at George Mason University is conducting threat hunting operations on large datasets of suspicious network traffic. The project aims to develop an alert system and improve incident response capabilities, with funding from the Virginia Innovation Partnership Authority.
A study by Juntendo University researchers reveals that p62 bodies control redox-independent NRF2 activation through phosphorylation of ULK1, enabling the antioxidative stress response. The finding provides new insights into the role of phase separation in stress responses and its physiological significance.
A new study found that police drug seizures are associated with increased fatal overdoses in the surrounding geographic area, suggesting that efforts to disrupt drug markets can have unintended effects. The research highlights the need for comprehensive policing strategies that consider all outcomes, including harm reduction approaches.
A family of DNA elements has been identified as controlling the activation of genes known to cause a rare disease called MSL3 syndrome in children. The discovery sheds light on the mechanism behind this poorly understood disease and may lead to better treatments in the future.
Researchers aim to understand how estrogen levels and menopausal status interact with memory-related brain function and behavioral outcomes in women aged 35-80. The study could help identify physiological factors underlying sex differences in Alzheimer's incidence and improve early disease detection and preventive therapies.
Researchers identified at least 745 reQTLs in monocytes, influencing the activation of cells upon contact with bacteria or fungi. The findings provide basic knowledge for personalized medicine in treating infectious diseases.
Research by the American Psychological Association found that employees who frequently interact with AI systems are more likely to experience loneliness, insomnia, and increased after-work alcohol consumption. However, these effects may be mitigated by equipping AI systems with social features or limiting their use.
A new study found that obesity is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, with stronger links in female patients for gallbladder and endometrial cancer. The study also revealed differential effects between sexes on colorectal, esophageal, and liver cancer.
A team of researchers at Georgetown University's Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center has discovered a key role for glucose in regulating DNA synthesis and cancer cell response to chemotherapy. By targeting this pathway, the researchers hope to develop new treatments that make lung cancer more responsive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open explores the association between adverse childhood experiences and epigenetic aging in midlife. The research found that early life experiences can accelerate biological aging, which may contribute to various health outcomes in middle-age adults.
Researchers have developed a new manufacturing pipeline to simplify and advance high-value manufacturing of tissue-compatible organs, reducing costs and increasing efficiency. This breakthrough aims to address the dire need for artificially engineered organs and tissue grafts, potentially saving thousands of lives in the UK.
Researchers at University of California - San Diego developed a new model that trains four-legged robots to see more clearly in 3D, allowing them to autonomously cross complex environments. The robot uses a forward-facing depth camera to synthesize visual information from past frames and estimate its surroundings.
Research by West Virginia University professor Sean Tu found that orphan drugs earn pharmaceutical companies almost as much as those marketed to the general public. The Orphan Drug Act incentivizes companies with tax credits, longer patent exclusivity, and easier FDA review for treating rare diseases.
A study found that individuals with obesity have diminished brain responses to specific nutrients and do not improve after weight loss. This impairment affects eating behavior and the motivational aspect of food intake, suggesting long-lasting brain adaptations occur in obesity.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have discovered a potential therapeutic approach for curing neurodegenerative diseases using magnetic fields. In vitro trials showed that damaged motor neurons can be restored by exposure to magnetic fields, leading to axonal transport and regeneration of mitochondria.
Researchers discovered a gravitationally lensed supernova named SN Zwicky, which was magnified nearly 25 times by a foreground galaxy. This discovery presents an opportunity to study the inner cores of galaxies, dark matter, and the mechanics behind universe expansion.
A review of research on Arctic-subarctic ocean linkages suggests stronger heat convergence and increased freshwater input due to climate change. This can impact marine life and the evolution of the climate, with implications for policy-making and mitigation strategies.
A new biodiversity study shows that even seemingly healthy ecosystems with increasing species numbers may already be on the path to decline and loss of species. The study's findings suggest that species richness is not a reliable metric for monitoring ecosystems, as it can mask negative trends in species extinction.
New data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope shows that galaxies' stars emitted enough light to heat and ionize the gas around them, clearing our collective view over hundreds of millions of years. The research team identified galaxies near quasars and found that they are generally surrounded by transparent regions about 2 million l...
A recent study of 106,000 births in New York City found that neighborhoods with healthier food options had lower rates of small for gestational age births. Higher densities of unhealthy food retail establishments were linked to increased risks of large or small-for-age birth weights.
Researchers developed a model to predict microplastic concentrations in Swiss waters, finding that around half of the microplastics remain in the country. The Rhine river near Basel has the highest concentration of microplastics, with major cities contributing significantly to pollution.
A chatbot-based system improved the informed consent process for genomics research studies, leading to faster completion, higher understanding, and increased accessibility. The study involved 72 families and found that 96% of participants passed a quiz assessing their knowledge, with 86% reporting a positive experience.
A recent study published in the journal CANCER found that supplemental ultrasound screening can detect breast cancers missed by mammography, but it requires careful targeting of high-risk groups. Women with dense breasts are at higher risk of interval invasive breast cancer, and clinicians should consider other breast cancer risk facto...
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Research Institute have developed a new cell culture model to generate human alveolar macrophages, the most critical immune cells in the lungs. This model allows for easier and inexpensive investigation of lung inflammatory diseases and testing of new therapies.
Researchers propose a new method to diagnose tubular abnormalities in diabetic kidney disease by combining sodium concentration measurement with urinary albumin. The study uses 23Na MRI, which images metabolic changes in sodium, revealing impaired countercurrent multiplication system in diabetic mice kidneys.
A new study published in JMIR Cardio reveals the potential of AI-QCA in analyzing coronary angiography, providing accurate measurements of coronary stenotic lesions similar to IVUS. This technology has the potential to improve patient outcomes and support clinical decision-making.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have discovered twenty species of sea lettuce in the Baltic Sea region, including three invasive species. The survey highlights the importance of knowing which species grow in specific areas to maintain and protect valuable ecosystems.