Researchers at HKUST created an AI-based model that uses genetic data to forecast AD risk, outperforming existing models. The deep learning model accurately classifies patients and stratifies individuals into distinct risk groups, enabling early diagnosis and intervention.
Loris Fichera's $599,663 NSF CAREER Award project aims to develop new surgical robots that can accurately deliver focused energy without cutting or touching human tissues. The project will enhance a surgical robot's perception using virtual palpation and create research opportunities for WPI undergraduates.
The Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center received a $2.9 million grant to train physicians and scientists to conduct clinical and translational oncology research, focusing on addressing health inequities in the Bronx. Scholars will engage in interdisciplinary research projects with community outreach and engagement.
A study by CU Boulder researchers suggests that the ancient virus-like protein PEG10 may contribute to the development of ALS by interfering with brain and nerve cell communication. The findings provide a promising new target for treating the underlying cause of the fatal disease.
A new study found an association between lower extremity spasticity and cryptorchidism treatment in boys with cerebral palsy. Boys with more severe spasticity were especially likely to have had the surgery, suggesting a potential link between affected muscles and testicle development.
A new hub for plant and microbial science will be built in Norwich, UK, with £317.7 million investment from the UKRI Infrastructure Fund. The facility aims to deliver sustainable food solutions, improve human health, and reduce climate change impact.
Researchers created a nanocomposite that absorbs NIR-II light, producing singlet oxygen and demonstrating photodynamic therapy ability. The material also exhibits chemodynamic activity, enhancing cancer treatment effects.
Researchers have developed radiation-resistant inorganic resin scaffolds to separate radium, actinium, and lead from each other. The zirconium-based materials demonstrate good separation capabilities and remarkable radiopurities using relatively simple chemicals.
A recent study from the University of Eastern Finland reveals that most sustainability scholars support post-growth pathways for affluent countries, while less affluent countries favour either green growth or post-growth pathways. The study's findings challenge the prevailing green growth focused approach and emphasize the need for tar...
Researchers have successfully characterized a single atom using X-ray beams, detecting its elemental type and chemical properties. This breakthrough could revolutionize fields like quantum information technology, environmental science, and medical research by enabling the study of individual atoms.
Researchers show that a single virus binds to a single receptor, opening the door for efficient infection. ACE2 receptors are present singly in the membrane, contradicting previous hypotheses about multiple receptor binding.
A team of researchers developed a tool to identify AI-generated academic science writing with high accuracy, using characteristics such as predictability, paragraph structure and vocabulary. The model outperformed existing AI text detectors and has potential applications in assessing student essays.
The Parker Solar Probe has detected streams of high-energy particles that match supergranulation flows within coronal holes, suggesting these are the origins of the fast solar wind. The solar wind's charged particles were accelerated by magnetic reconnection within funnel structures on the sun's surface.
The study reveals that spontaneous waves of neurotransmitter glutamate facilitate dendrite pruning, while a unique protection/punishment machinery strengthens certain connections and eliminates others. Proper pruning is critical for neural development, with insufficient or excessive connections linked to neurophysiological disorders.
A new observational study published in BMJ Open found that long Covid can have a devastating effect on daily lives, with fatigue impacting social activities, work, and relationships. The study's findings suggest that long Covid can leave people with worse fatigue and quality of life than some cancers.
Indiana University School of Medicine researchers will investigate muscle-directed gene therapies and test alternative treatment options for degenerative disorders like Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The goal is to develop more successful and long-term ways to help patients living with muscle disorders.
The study, published in JAMA Oncology, found that the percentage of cancer survivors reporting functional limitations has more than doubled over the past 20 years. The adjusted prevalence of functional limitation was highest among pancreatic and lung cancer survivors, while melanoma survivors had the lowest rate.
Researchers studied breast cancer cells that spread through the body and found a key mechanism driving their growth. The study reveals how cancer cells employ 'plasticity' to adopt properties promoting metastatic growth.
Researchers found that tightly curled scalp hair provided the best protection from the sun's radiative heat while minimizing sweat. This adaptation enabled human brains to grow to modern-day sizes without conserving water through sweating.
Researchers have published a first study on the mechanics of surgical knots, revealing a simple, robust emergent behavior vis-à-vis knot strength. The study analyzed 50-100 knots tied by a plastic surgeon and found relationships between knot strength and pretension, friction, and number of throws.
Researchers in Austria found that one in three patients with Type 2 diabetes stopped treatment and monitoring for at least a year, resulting in higher mortality rates. This group had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those who regularly accessed care.
Scientists at University of Virginia Health System discovered a gene that acts as a master controller for immune tolerance, shedding light on how our immune systems are calibrated to prevent MS. The new understanding could lead to better, more targeted treatments.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara created a new material made of bosonic particles called excitons, forming a correlated insulator. The discovery uses a moiré platform and pump-probe spectroscopy to study the behavior of bosons in a real material system.
A study published in the Journal of Neuroscience has identified new alterations in neural circuits in mice models of Huntington's disease, significantly impacting its lives. The research found that the M2 cortex sends axonal projections to the superior colliculus, which are deeply impaired and linked to disease symptomatology.
A Yale-led study found that osimertinib significantly improved rates of survival and reduced risk of recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after surgery. The trial showed a 51% reduction in mortality risk, with 88% of patients surviving at least five years.
Researchers found that manual labor's perceived meaning can predict the adoption of autonomous products. Consumers tend to reject these products due to a loss of meaning in life. Companies can highlight alternative sources of meaning to reduce negative effects on adoption.
A new study found that combining conventional speech therapy with singing can improve voice problems in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The tele-rehabilitation program showed significant improvements in voice intensity and Voice Handicap Index scores, suggesting a more effective treatment approach.
A newly discovered plant-eating dinosaur, 'Iani', holds the key to understanding environmental changes during the mid-Cretaceous period. The fossil's presence in North America suggests that this species may have been one of the last survivors of a once-thriving lineage.
Researchers discovered a star with a unique chemical composition matching theoretical expectations for first-generation stars. This finding strongly supports the theory that stars over 140 times the Sun's mass formed in the early Universe.
Researchers at the University of Illinois created a new system for desalination using microchannels in Prussian blue electrodes. The study found that adding these channels increased seawater desalination efficiency by five times, reaching salinity levels below freshwater thresholds.
A new study highlights the importance of reproductive health counseling for women with congenital heart defects (CHD), particularly those with disabilities. Women with CHD and disabilities are more likely to receive advice on avoiding pregnancy due to their condition, emphasizing the need for tailored care.
A University of Chicago Education Lab study found that a school-based group counseling program can significantly reduce PTSD, anxiety, and depression among Black and Latina girls. The program, Working on Womanhood (WOW), was found to reduce PTSD symptoms by 22% among adolescent girls in Chicago neighborhood schools.
A new study in mice reveals that a middle-brain region controls aggression towards young animals, while another region promotes maternal behavior. The findings suggest that the brain mechanism behind infanticide by women may be similar to that in males.
Scientists have developed a method to create less-allergenic shrimp by altering protein structures, reducing inflammation, and preventing antibody binding. The technique, known as reverse-pressure sterilization, was tested on mice with shrimp allergies and showed promising results.
Researchers have created a novel method combining DNA scaffolds and acoustic force spectroscopy to characterize individual protein bonds. This innovation allows for the same bond to be re-tested up to 100 times, providing valuable information on how bond strength changes as molecules age.
Researchers at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science discovered Néel spin currents in antiferromagnets, enabling efficient reading and writing for antiferromagnetic spintronics. This finding accelerates spintronics, a next-gen data storage and processing technology.
A team led by Dr. Alex Harkess is using genomics to unlock the full potential of industrial hemp for sustainable production of fiber, protein, and oil. The project aims to create non-GMO hemp seed bred for multiple markets, leveraging traditional breeding, modern genomics, and agronomic expertise.
A new study published in Menopause found that 52.08% of postmenopausal women have osteoporosis, with many unaware of the disease's effects and importance of early treatment. The study highlights the need for education to overcome misconceptions and encourage osteoporosis testing and prevention.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have identified a previously unknown intermediate cell type, pre-basophils, which plays a critical role in the differentiation of precursor cells into mature basophils. These newly discovered cells exhibit higher proliferation capacity and distinct surface protein expression profiles...
A new species of dinosaur, Iani smithi, has been discovered in Utah's Cedar Mountain Formation, providing insights into how dinosaurs weathered ecological change during the mid-Cretaceous period. The discovery suggests that several major groups of dinosaurs survived into the early Late Cretaceous despite the changes.
A genomic analysis of ancient human remains from Morocco shows that food production was introduced by Neolithic European and Levantine migrants who later adopted by local groups. This discovery provides new insights into the transition to farming in northwestern Africa.
A new paper argues that biological materials are defined by the water that permeates them, creating a class of 'hydration solids' with unique properties. The research resolves long-standing mysteries and predicts exciting phenomena in materials.
A new study by researchers at York University and ICES found that women who identify as bisexual were more than three times more likely to attempt suicide compared to heterosexual women. Gay men and gay women/lesbians were also at higher risk, with a twice likelihood of attempting suicide.
A graduate student's curiosity uncovers a previously unknown link between chromosomal instability and epigenetic alterations in cancer. The study, led by MSK researchers, reveals that chromosomal instability can drive epigenetic changes without requiring gene mutations, shedding light on the biology of advanced, drug-resistant cancers.
A new study by Leipzig University found that neurotic individuals experience greater variability in negative emotions, leading to more frequent mood swings. Researchers used Bayesian statistics to analyze data from over 2,500 people and confirmed the association between neuroticism and emotional instability.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo identified a protein in Amblyomma ticks essential to their survival while feeding, making it a promising target for developing a vaccine. The study found that silencing gene expression of an inhibitor of apoptosis protein reduced bacterial proliferation and made ticks more resistant to infection.
Scientists have developed an ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography device to detect Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) in the cornea. The non-contact rapid imaging technology allows for early detection of small nerve fibres affected by DPN, enabling timely treatment and prevention of disability.
A new study has identified a chemically peculiar star in the Galactic halo as clear evidence of the existence of pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) from very massive first stars. The star's low sodium and cobalt abundances are consistent with predictions for primordial PISN from first-generation stars with 260 solar masses.
A new study by University of Utah Health finds that non-citizen individuals are more susceptible to food insecurity, even with similar income and education levels. The researchers suggest increasing awareness about safety net programs like SNAP can help reduce disparities in food insecurity between immigrants and US-born citizens.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have devised a chemical transformation called phosphorus fluoride exchange (PFEx), which efficiently assembles complex molecules. This click chemistry method uses phosphorous as a connector, inspired by biology's use of phosphorus in DNA and energy-storing molecules.
A study found that COVID-19 lockdowns resulted in heart attack patients losing an average of 1.5-2 years of life, with additional costs estimated at £36.6m in the UK and €88.6m in Spain due to work absenteeism.
Researchers discovered COVID-19 causes brain cells to fuse, initiating malfunctions that lead to chronic neurological symptoms. This cell fusion process has not been seen before and may be a major cause of neurological diseases.
A UC Davis study found that 70% of foods and beverages at checkout are unhealthy, with candy, salty snacks being common items. Healthy options like water, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables are far less common.
A national study in Canada found that snowmaking requires 17,000 homes' worth of annual energy and 43.4 million cubic meters of water to produce 42 million cubic meters of machine-made snow. Collaboration between ski operators, policymakers, and environmental organizations is needed to develop sustainable practices.
ChatGPT achieved high scores in clinical reasoning and demonstrated rapid response times to evolving questions. However, its lack of local ethnic knowledge and limited medical references hindered its performance in highly contextual situations.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki discovered a small molecule that inhibits cytokine protein formation, alleviating rheumatoid arthritis symptoms in mice. This breakthrough enables the rational design of novel molecules for disease prevention and treatment.
Researchers have calculated the heavy quark diffusion coefficient, which describes how quickly quarks and gluons transfer their momentum to heavier quarks. The calculation reveals that heavy quarks are strongly interacting with the surrounding plasma, making it difficult for them to change direction.
Researchers at HKU have designed a self-assembling artificial spherical chromatophore nanomicelle system that mimics the photosynthetic apparatus of bacteria, achieving high stability and efficiency in solar energy conversion. This breakthrough could lead to sustainable solutions for carbon-neutral fuels and renewable energy.
Researchers discovered that ants preferentially groom the individuals carrying the highest amount of fungal spores, which are the greatest disease risk. This unique combination of simple rules leads to highly efficient colony-level disease control and 'social immunity' in ant colonies.
A study found that people with insomnia symptoms are more likely to have a stroke, with the risk being higher in those under 50. Insomnia was associated with a 16% increased risk of stroke, with five to eight symptoms having a 51% increased risk.